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Influence of geometrical characteristics of cylindrical floater on the dynamic responses of floating solar platforms under irregular waves
No full textThis study investigates the hydrodynamic responses of double-cylinder floating solar platforms under irregular wave conditions, focusing on geometric parameters such as cylinder arrangement, diameter, and gap distance. A numerical model developed in OpenFOAM was validated against experimental data for monochromatic waves (Baruah et al., 2022) using the Volume of Fluid (VOF) method to capture the air-water interface and active wave absorption techniques to minimize wave reflection. The model’s performance was further compared to a non-linear potential flow model (Baruah et al., 2024). The validated model was applied to analyze platform dynamics under irregular waves modeled using the JONSWAP spectrum. Results indicate that the double-cylinder platform reduces heave responses and enhances stability through increased damping but experiences higher surge forces due to horizontal wave loading. Larger cylinder diameters amplify heave responses due to stronger hydrodynamic interactions and non-linear excitations. Gap distance significantly affects dynamic behavior: shorter gaps intensify heave responses, while longer gaps lead to higher-order spectral peaks. Surge responses show a nuanced relationship, with specific gap distances amplifying forces near resonant wavelengths. These findings underscore the critical role of geometric optimization in improving the stability and efficiency of floating solar platforms for diverse marine environments.<br/
Bodies 'in' Place: responding to migration through participatory practice for emerging media
No full text‘We will go out and raise the wind’: female criminality and society in Ulster, 1890s-1920s
No full textNorthern Ireland Life and Times Survey 2024
No full textThis datasets contains data from the 2024 Northern Ireland Life and Times (NILT) survey. Fieldwork for the NILT 2024 survey was carried out between 6 September 2023 and 19 November 2024. In 2024, topics included: Community/Good Relations Community Safety and Perceptions of Paramilitary Influence Criminal Justice System Gender-based Violence Income and Poverty Adult safeguarding Minority Ethnic People Politics Respect Integrated Education Skills and training All work that uses or refers to the 2024 Northern Ireland Life and Times Survey should acknowledge it using the following bibliographic citation: ARK. Northern Ireland Life and Times Survey, 2024 [computer file]. ARK www.ark.ac.uk/nilt [distributor], May 202
SMAR+NIE IdeaGen: a knowledge graph based node importance estimation with analogical reasoning on large language model for idea generation
No full textIdea generation describes a creative process involving reasoning over some knowledge to derive new information. Traditional approaches such as mind-map and brainstorming are limited and often fail due to lack of quality ideas and ineffective methods. The reasoning capability of large language models (LLMs) have been investigated for ideation tasks and have reported interesting performance. However, these models suffer from limited logical reasoning capability which hinders the use of structural and factual real-world knowledge in discovery of latent insight and predict possible outcome when applied to ideation. In addition, the possibility of LLMs regurgitating knowledge learnt from datasets might adversely impact the degree of novel ideas the models can generate. In this paper, a two-stage logical reasoning approach is applied to initiate the search for candidate idea pathways based on the knowledge graphs (KGs) to address the problem of reasoning, domain-specificity and novelty. The divergence stage this reasoning explores utilizes a new node importance estimation (NIE) technique over KGs to discover latent connections supporting idea generation. In the convergence stage of this reasoning, subgraph matching using analogical reasoning (SMAR) is applied to find matching patterns to describe a new idea. The use of SMAR + NIE and KGs helps to achieve an improvement in reasoning over KGs before transferring such reasoning to LLMs for translation of idea into natural language. To evaluate the degree of novelty of ideas generated, a relevance-to-novelty scoring metrics is proposed based on multiple premise entailment (MPE). We combined this metric with other popular metrics to evaluate the performance of SMAR + NIE on benchmark datasets, and as well on the quality of ideas generated. Findings from the study showed that this approach demonstrates competitive performance with mainstream LLMs in idea generation tasks.<br/
Differential roles of macrophages and microglia in subretinal fibrosis secondary to neovascular age-related macular degeneration
No full textPURPOSE: To investigate the differential role of infiltrating CCR2+ macrophages and CX3CR1+ microglia in neovascular AMD (nAMD)-mediated subretinal fibrosis.METHODS: Subretinal fibrosis was induced using the two-stage laser protocol in C57BL/6J or CX3CR1gfp/+ mice. The fibrotic lesion was detected using collagen-1 staining in retinal pigment epithelial /choroidal flatmounts. Infiltrating macrophages and microglial were identified using F4/80, CCR2, and CX3CR1 markers at one, three, six, and 10 days after the second laser. Circulating CCR2+ monocytes were depleted using the MC-21 antibody, whereas CX3CR1+ microglia were depleted using PLX5622. BV2 microglia were treated with TGF-β1 for 96 hours, and their profibrotic potential was examined by quantitative PCR and immunocytochemistry.RESULTS: Subretinal fibrosis lesions developed three days after the second laser, accompanied by persistent CCR2+F4/80+ macrophage and CX3CR1+ cell infiltration. Inflammation in the first three days after the second laser was dominated by filtrating CX3CR1+ cells, and the number increased until day (D) 10 post-second laser. Depletion of CCR2+ monocytes from D5-10 significantly reduced the vascular and fibrotic components of the lesion, while CX3CR1+ cell depletion reduced Isolectin B4+ but not collagen-1+ lesion size. Bone marrow-derived macrophages from D6 and D10 mice expressed significantly higher levels of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and collagen-1 compared to cells from D1 and D3. TGFβ1 treatment increased TMEM119, CX3CR1, IL1b and iNOS gene expression but did not affect Acta2 and Col1a1 gene expression in BV2 cells.CONCLUSIONS: CCR2+ monocytes, but not CX3CR1+ microglia, critically contribute to the development of subretinal fibrosis in nAMD.</p
Secure 3D directional modulation using subarrays based on planar frequency diverse array with nonuniform frequency offsets
No full textPhysical-layer security (PLS) is a new paradigm for secure communication without requiring secret key exchange and management. Moreover, PLS with frequency diverse subarray (FDSA) can better control information leakage in the angle-range domain, which mitigates the security weakness of the phased array caused by its lack of range resolution. In this paper, we propose a three-dimensional (3D) directional modulation (DM) using randomized radiation with FDSA for enhanced PLS, employing a planar array. In addition, nonuniform frequency offsets (FOs) are considered as FO configurations (FOCs) for FDSA to concentrate on the mainlobe and suppress the undesired sidelobes in 3D space, where logarithmically increasing FOC (L-FOC), Hamming window-based FOC (H-FOC), and piecewise trigonometric FOC (P-FOC) are introduced. Characterizing the process of selecting the random subsets for randomized radiation, we provide the exact analysis of the secrecy rate of the proposed scheme. Moreover, FOs applied to FDSA and the number of random subsets are optimized with a genetic algorithm (GA)-based optimization strategy. We evaluate the proposed schemes in terms of secrecy rate and vulnerable volume, where the simulation results verify our analysis and show that nonuniform FOCs are a more favorable choice for FDSA compared to uniform FOC (U-FOC).<br/
