Biodiversity Informatics
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Ground-Water Resources of Republic County and Northern Cloud County, Kansas
No full textThis report describes the geography, geology, and ground-water resources of Republic County and northern Cloud County in north-central Kansas. The area embraces a total of 25 townships, or 899 square miles. The area is drained by the Republican River and its tributaries. The climate is subhumid, the average annual precipitation being about 26 inches. Wheat farming, cattle raising, and general farming are the principal occupations in the area.
The rocks exposed in Republic County and northern Cloud County are of Cretaceous and Quaternary age. The areal distribution of the formations is shown in Plate 1. The oldest formation cropping out in the area is the Dakota formation of Cretaceous age, which is exposed in the southeastern part of Republic County and in northern Cloud County. The overlying Graneros shale and Greenhorn limestone of Cretaceous age are best. exposed in the eastern and southern parts of Republic County along the edges of the streams where the overlying Carlile shale has been eroded away. The Carlile shale mantles the upland areas in the west-central, central, and eastern parts of Republic County. The Pleistocene deposits, which include the Belleville formation, and the loess deposits, comprise the surface materials in a large area in northern Republic County. The soils and alluvium are the youngest deposits in the area.
Test drilling revealed that the ancestral Republican River channel entered Republic County 5 miles south of the Nebraska State line, crossed the present channel near Republic City, and entered Nebraska near Chester.
The report contains a map showing by contours the shape and slope of the water table in the Republican River Valley and in the ancestral Republican River Valley. The map shows that ground water moves into the Republican Valley from both sides. The depth to the water table ranges from less than 10 feet in the Republican Valley to more than 100 feet in the upland in northern Republic County.
The ground-water reservoir is recharged principally by precipitation that falls within the area, by the addition of water from Republican River, and by underflow from adjacent areas. Water is discharged from the ground-water reservoir by seepage into Republican River, by underflow eastward and southward into adjacent areas, by transpiration and evaporation in areas of shallow water table, and by wells. All of the domestic, stock, and public water supplies and a part of the irrigation water supplies are obtained from wells.
Most of the domestic and stock wells in the Republican Valley are driven. Most of the wells on the upland are drilled or bored. The use of ground water for irrigation has barely started. At the time of the field investigation there were only four active irrigation wells in the Republican River Valley in Cloud and Republic counties. Five other wells formerly were used for irrigation.
The ground water in the alluvium and the Belleville formation is hard but it is generally suitable for most ordinary uses. In local areas in northern Cloud County it is highly mineralized. Waters from the Dakota formation in the outcrop areas are relatively soft but they are generally highly mineralized in other areas.
The field data upon which most of this report is based are given in tables, and include records of 291 wells and chemical analyses of the water from 58 wells. Logs of 126 test holes are also given
The Federal Income Tax and Reform of College Athletics: A Response to Professor Colombo and an Independent Critique
Get PDFLarge athletics programs bring a lot of attention to themselves and the universities of which they are a part. Once, that attention came only from success on the field or court. Now it also comes from how much money these programs spend, and on what, and its source. Calls to use the federal tax code to rein in athletics spending are, we believe, ill-advised. The IRS has limited resources and a lot to do. Its staff members know tax law, not the ins and outs of college athletics. Because universities are adept at “zeroing out” revenues and expenses, it is unlikely that new tax rules and added IRS oversight would do much to curtail spending. They could, however, impose significant compliance costs on universities. The result could be the worst of all worlds: considerable expense on universities to comply; little or no spending reform achieved; and an IRS diverted from core responsibilities
All you always wanted to know about what a bee knows
Get PDFWhat goes on in a bee’s mind? This book review examines What a Bee Knows by Stephen Buchman, a captivating exploration of bee cognition, memory, and emotions
Factors Affecting Parental Intent to Vaccinate Against COVID-19 in Kansas
Get PDFIntroduction. Vaccines have been highly effective in reducing severe illness and death from COVID-19, but vaccine hesitancy remains a significant barrier to achieving herd immunity. This study aimed to identify the factors influencing parental decisions regarding COVID-19 vaccination for their children in Kansas, including demographic variables, trust in medical professionals, and the impact of misinformation.
Methods. Data were analyzed from Phase 3.7, Week 53 of the United States Census Bureau’s Household Pulse Survey (N = 68,504), collected between January 4 and January 16, 2023. The analysis focused on data specific to the state of Kansas (N = 1231), using standard descriptive statistics to assess the findings.
Results. The respondents were predominantly middle-aged, female, and Caucasian, with a high level of educational attainment and health insurance coverage. Among respondents, 45.7% had children under 18 living in their household. Of these, 73.5% expressed concerns that led them to refrain from vaccinating their children against COVID-19. The primary reasons for hesitancy included concerns about potential side effects, distrust in the vaccine\u27s safety for children, and the belief that their children were not part of a high-risk group.
Conclusions. These findings underscore persistent concerns about COVID-19 vaccine safety and efficacy among parents, even within a relatively well-educated and insured population. Addressing these concerns with targeted public health messaging and education could be essential in increasing vaccination rates among children in Kansas
Concurrent Small Cell and Non-Small Cell Lung Cancers: The Diagnostic Challenges of Synchronous Primary Lung Tumors
No full textNested and Island Models for Determining the Species-Area Relationship of Southern Appalachian Amphibians
Get PDFAmphibians are widespread vertebrates in the temperate and tropical regions of the world that are facing global existential threats. The southern Appalachian region of eastern North America is an important stronghold for temperate amphibians, representing the global biodiversity hotspot for salamander genera and includes high rates of endemism. Despite a rich history of sampling in the region, a species-area relationship (SAR) for amphibians has not been attempted. We used nested and island site data from the southern Appalachian ecoregion to create linear regressions of two SAR models for predicting amphibian species richness. Our results indicate that land area is an accurate predictor of amphibian species richness within the study area. This model offers a rapid assessment of amphibian diversity and should be useful in conservation and land management initiatives. Identifying baseline biodiversity trends is vital for understanding species distributions into an uncertain future.
