Biodiversity Informatics
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Editorial Introduction
No full textFew concepts in the history of philosophy or science are as rich, polysemic and mysterious as imagination. That “art concealed in the depths of the human soul” as Kant said, is indeed a fundamental concept in philosophy, namely in philosophy of knowledge, logic, metaphysics, philosophy of science, modal epistemology, aesthetics, philosophy of art, ethics, social and political philosophy, philosophy of mind and so on.
Clinical efficacy observation of intranasal dexmedetomidine spray in adults undergoing lower extremity orthopedic surgery under general anesthesia
Get PDFObjective: This study aimed to evaluate the sedative effects of intranasal dexmedetomidine spray in adult patients undergoing lower limb orthopedic surgery under general anesthesia and to analyze its role in reducing preoperative anxiety.Methods: From July 2024 to January 2025, a total of 120 adult patients undergoing lower limb orthopedic surgery under general anesthesia at our medical institution were randomly assigned to either the experimental group (EG) or the control group (CG), with 60 patients in each group. Patients in the experimental group received intranasal dexmedetomidine spray 30 minutes before surgery, whereas those in the control group received intravenous midazolam over the same period. Sedation level, anxiety level, vital signs, anesthesia recovery, and incidence of adverse reactions were assessed.Results: The Sedation scores significantly increased after drug intervention in both groups compared to the pre-administration baseline. The STAI scores in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group, although the difference was not statistically significant. Baseline values of Heart Rate (HR), Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP), and Pulse Oxygen Saturation (SpO₂) showed no significant differences between the two groups before drug administration. HR, MAP, and SpO₂ tended to decrease in both intervention groups compared with baseline values, but no pathological changes were observed. The experimental group had significantly shorter times in spontaneous breathing recovery, awakening, and extubating than the control group. The incidence of adverse reactions was 5.0% in the treatment group, significantly lower than the 28.4% in the control group.Conclusion: Intranasal dexmedetomidine spray significantly enhances sedation levels, alleviates preoperative anxiety, and demonstrates good safety in adult patients undergoing lower limb orthopedic surgery under general anesthesia.
Geology and Ground-Water Resources of Sumner County, Kansas
Get PDFThis report describes the geography, geology, and ground-water resources of Sumner County in south-central Kansas. The hydrologic and geologic data upon which this report is based were obtained in the field during the summers of 1955 and 1956. Records of 300 wells and 2 springs, chemical analyses of 219 water samples from wells and test holes and of 15 from streams, and logs of 362 wells and test holes are included in tables.
Sumner County has an area of 1,183 square miles and lies in the Wellington Lowland and Arkansas River Lowlands of the Central Lowland physiographic province. It is drained by Arkansas River, Ninnescah River, and Chikaskia River and their tributaries. The land surface in general is a southeastward-sloping, gently rolling plain. The average annual precipitation at Wellington is about 31 inches. Wheat fanning is the principal industry of the county, and oil is the chief natural resource.
The Wellington Formation, of Permian age, crops out in the eastern two-thirds of the county except where it is covered by Pleistocene deposits. The Ninnescah Shale (Permian) overlies the Wellington Formation and crops out in parts of the western third of the county. The Permian rocks yield small quantities of hard water to wells. Pleistocene sand and gravel deposits of Nebraskan age are present in the northwestern corner of the county and yield moderate quantities of good water to wells. Discontinuous deposits of Kansan or Illinoisan age, locally mantled by colluvium, forms terraces in southern and eastern Sumner County, and may yield moderate quantities of water. Wisconsinan terrace deposits and Recent alluvium along the major streams yield large quantities of water. Colluvium and dune sand are unimportant as sources of water but may facilitate recharge.
Maps of Sumner County included in this report show the outcrop areas of the formations, geologic cross sections, the shape and slope of the water table, the locations of wells and test holes for which records are given, and the distribution of chloride in water samples.
The ground-water reservoir is recharged principally from rain and snow that fall within the county, by percolation from streams and other surface bodies of water, and by underflow from adjacent areas. Water is discharged from the ground-water reservoir by seepage into streams, by transpiration and evaporation, by movement into adjacent areas, and by wells. Water is pumped from wells for domestic, stock, municipal, industrial, and irrigation use. Irrigation from wells is most extensive in the valley of Arkansas River, in which area further development is most probable.
Chemical analyses of samples of water from Sumner County indicate that the quality varies greatly from place to place. Sulfate is common in water from the Wellington Formation and Ninnescah Shale. Water from Pleistocene deposits is generally suitable for most uses except in local areas where it contains excessive chloride
Geology and Ground-Water Resources of Trego County, Kansas
Get PDFTrego County is a 900-square-mile area in the High Plains section of west-central Kansas. The altitude ranges from about 2,000 to 2,600 feet above sea level. The climate is semiarid, and the mean annual rainfall is 21.40 inches. The population of the county in 1960 was 5,473. Farming and livestock raising are the chief occupations.
The Carlile Shale of late Cretaceous age is the oldest rock formation cropping out in the county. The Carlile is overlain by the Niobrara Chalk, the dominant bedrock formation in the county. The Ogallala Formation of Neogene (Pliocene) age unconformably overlies Cretaceous rocks in much of the county and consists principally of fluviatile deposits of sand, gravel, and silt. Terrace deposits of Pleistocene age occur along the principal valleys. Eolian silts that mantle the uplands and alluvium along stream valleys constitute the youngest deposits and are late Pleistocene in age.
The Ogallala Formation is the most widespread aquifer and yields water to many domestic and stock wells. Alluvium and terrace deposits yield moderate quantities of water, but these deposits are not of wide areal extent. In areas of Cretaceous outcrops, small quantities of ground water are obtained from the Dakota Formation of early (?) Cretaceous age and from the Codell Sandstone Member of the Carlile Shale of late Cretaceous age.
Hydrologic data are given in tables and include records of 280 wells, logs of 176 test holes and wells, and chemical analyses of 59 samples of water from wells
Geology and Ground-Water Resources of Neosho County, Kansas
Get PDFNeosho County has an area of 576 square miles and is within the Osage Plains section of the Central Lowlands province of eastern Kansas. Sedimentary rocks of Cambrian, Ordovician, Devonian(?), Mississippian, Pennsylvanian, Tertiary, and Quaternary ages overlie the Precambrian basement complex, and they have a thickness of 2,100 feet. Rocks exposed in the county are of Pennsylvanian, Tertiary, and Quaternary ages that attain a thickness of 700 feet. Structure is controlled by the Prairie Plains Monocline in which the exposed Pennsylvanian rocks dip northwest at about 20 feet per mile.
Wells in consolidated rocks of Pennsylvanian age yield less than 1 gallon per minute of water from some limestone and shale aquifers to more than 30 gallons per minute from sandstone aquifers. The water from the consolidated aquifers is highly mineralized, but the sandstones tend to yield a softer, less mineralized water. Wells within unconsolidated Pleistocene alluvial deposits yield up to 30 gallons per minute.
The chief use of the ground water is for domestic and stock purposes, whereas all municipal systems use treated surface water. The estimated total use of ground water in 1961 was 109 million gallons (334 acre-feet)
Petrographic Characteristics of Kansas Building Limestones
Get PDFThin sections of eight different Kansas building limestones, taken from current quarry sites, were studied parallel and perpendicular to their bedding plane. A comparison of the result Ing data shows that considerable variations in the petrographic characteristics occur among these limestones.
The Five Point Limestone in northeastern Pottawatomie County is a highly fossiliferous, medium- to coarse-grained packstone with color varying from brownish-yellow to pinkish-gray and possessing around seven percent porosity. In Riley County the Neva Limestone is a fine- to medium-grained, pellet-bearing wackestone with a light gray color. It is divided into hard and soft ledges, with porosities of less than one and two percent, respectively; the latter ledge contains three times as many opaques as the former. The light gray Cottonwood Limestone in Chase County is divided into upper and lower ledges. The upper bed is a fine- to medium-grained fusulinid wackestone with five percent porosity, while the lower bed is a fine-grained wackestone with less than one percent porosity. In eastern Pottawatomie County, the Funston Limestone is a fine- to medium-grained wackestone with a light buff-gray color and 12 percent porosity. The Fort Riley Limestone in southern Cowley County is a fine- to medium-grained algal wackestone/packstone with a light brownish-yellow color and five percent porosity. The Cresswell Limestone in Cowley County is a very fine grained, burrowed, pellet-bearing wackestone that is nearly white in color and has less than one percent porosity
Field+Genomics Workshop: an initiative to build Nanopore sequencing capacity in field-based host-pathogen research
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Wildlife disease surveillance has received considerable attention following recent emergence of high-consequence zoonotic pathogens in humans. Increased portability and affordability of sequencing technologies over the last decade have made real-time sequencing of wild animals and their pathogens a reality. Wildlife samples screened for pathogens, however, are rarely permanently archived in museum biorepositories, which limits potential for scientific validation and prevents extension by related disciplines (e.g., ecology, evolution, conservation). To better connect biodiversity and biomedical sciences, the Museums and Emerging Pathogens in the Americas (MEPA) network developed the Field+Genomics Workshop to build capacity for surveillance of wildlife and their pathogens in biodiverse countries. Here, we share workshop resources, in English and Spanish, to facilitate reproducibility and expansion of the workshop into the future. The workshop lasted 10 days, 6 days of fieldwork and 4 days of molecular lab and bioinformatic techniques. The field component emphasized the importance of holistic collecting—that is, permanently preserving many parts and symbionts from each sampled organism—as a critical step in wildlife and pathogen surveillance and to build foundational scientific infrastructure. The molecular component of the workshop used samples collected during the field portion to identify hosts and pathogens in real-time. For this component, we trained participants in methods of DNA extraction, library preparation, and Nanopore Adaptive Sampling (a software feature for real-time selective enrichment or depletion of target sequences). Bioinformatic training consisted of a basic introduction to computational genomics, a worked example to analyze a small sequence dataset, and an exercise using data generated from samples collected during the workshop. In total, the workshop cost ~3K per participant), however, ~25% of those funds are invested in basic equipment and infrastructure that is reusable in future workshops (e.g., sequencer, computer, etc.). This workshop highlights the effort and expertise required to conduct voucher-backed surveillance of wildlife and their pathogens and the many benefits of uniting biodiversity and biomedical sciences to build local capacity
Krafcik, Patricia A. Witnesses to Interwar Subcarpathian Rus’: The Sojourns of Petr Bogatyrev and Ivan Olbracht
Get PDFWalking the Talk: Establishing Best Practices for Attributing and Licensing Employee-Created Works
Get PDFLibrary employees routinely create content that is subject to copyright, ranging from web pages to video tutorials to photographs to social media posts. In most cases these contributions are invisible, as the creativity and intellectual effort of employee creators is typically unacknowledged. At the University of Guelph, we endeavoured to bring the works of employees into the spotlight by providing attribution on public-facing content whenever possible, while also facilitating downstream uses of those works through the use of open licenses. In doing so, we hoped to address a general lack of awareness and understanding of copyright and model respectful copyright practices for library employees and users alike. However, establishing and implementing these new copyright-focused practices was not without challenge and controversy. This paper – which builds upon a presentation we delivered at the 2024 ABC Copyright Conference (Martin & Versluis, 2024) – explores the obstacles we encountered in our multi-year journey to develop practices that were acceptable to content creators and content managers, while also respecting the boundaries of institutional intellectual property policies and collective agreements.
Keywords: copyright literacy, staff development, copyright ownership, employee created works, library policy and documentatio
Knowledge Gaps of Professionals Regarding Infant Safe Sleep Recommendations: Qualitative Evaluation of Topics Learned
Get PDFIntroduction. To reduce Sudden Unexpected Infant Death (SUID), the Kansas Infant Death and SIDS Network offered a series of two-day Safe Sleep Instructor (SSI) certification trainings. These sessions aimed to educate health care and related professionals on the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) evidence-based safe sleep recommendations.
Methods. A secondary analysis of qualitative data was conducted using responses to a single open-ended question on the post-training assessment. Participants were asked to list three specific things they learned during the training. All Fiscal Year 2023 participants (N = 67) responded. Two trained coders independently analyzed responses using a priori codes derived from the 2022 AAP Safe Sleep Recommendations and key concepts from the Safe Sleep Instructor training. Inter-rater reliability was assessed using Cohen\u27s kappa.
Results. A total of 205 comments were collected from 67 participants, who self-identified as nurses, social workers, home visitors, early childhood professionals, parent educators, and others. Cohen’s kappa indicated substantial agreement (κ = 0.87; 95% CI, 0.77-0.87; p <0.001). The most frequently cited AAP-related topics were temperature regulation (13%, n = 27) and the recommendation for a separate sleep surface (10%, n = 21). Additionally, 12% (n = 24) of responses aligned with key training concepts, while 11% (n = 23) were categorized as “other.” No clear patterns in knowledge acquisition emerged within specific professional groups (e.g., nurses).
Conclusions. The presence of pre-training knowledge gaps related to safe sleep practices highlights the importance of comprehensive, evidence-based educational programs for professionals involved in perinatal and infant care