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Detailed mapping and evaluation of shear systems in Solund-Stavfjord Ophiolite Complex – Structural characterization of shear zones and relating mineralization
Get PDFMasteroppgave i geovitenskapGEOV399MAMN-GEO
“Health in All Policies” in Norwegian municipalities
No full textMasteroppgave i helsefremmende arbeid og helsepsykologiHEFR395MAPS-HEF
3D Pixel Sensors and the ITkPix Readout Chip for the ATLAS Phase II Upgrade
No full textATLAS-detektoren, som ligger 100 meter under bakken ved grensen mellom Sveits og Frankrike, måler partikler fra høyenergi-protonkollisjoner akselerert av LHC ved CERN. Partiklene blir først detektert i det innerste systemet i ATLAS, som består av flere lag med silisium-pikseldetektorer. Disse detektorene er for øyeblikket de mest presise til å måle par- tikler med ladning i høyenergifysikk, og spiller en avgjørende rolle i partikkelsporing og -identifikasjon i ATLAS. I 2026 vil ATLAS bli oppgradert for å imøtekomme kravene som stilles av den neste LHC-fasen med høyere intensitet (High-Luminosity LHC), hvor antall kollisjoner skal økes med en faktor på fem. Det nåverende indre detektorsystemet til ATLAS vil bli erstattet av ett nytt og forbedret system som kun består av silisum-detektorer, kalt In- ner Tracker (ITk). Piksel-detektorene ved ITk må tåle enorme strålingsnivåer samtidig som de må opprettholde høy deteksjonseffektivitet. Avansert 3D silisium-sensorteknologien har blitt valgt til dette formålet for de to innerste lagene i ITk på grunn av sin høye motstands- dyktighet mot stråleskade.
Denne avhandlingen undersøker 3D silisiumsensorer produsert av SINTEF for å avgjøre om de oppfyller ATLAS-spesifikasjonene for ITk. Sensorene blir bestrålt til de samme høye strålingsdosene som de ville ha blitt utsatt for etter fullført operasjonstid i LHC, og ytelsen deres blir deretter målt i strålingseksperimenter. Elektrisk karakterisering, inkludert I-V målinger, blir utført på sensorer før bestråling og på moduler etter bestråling. En egen analyse utføres på sensorer for å måle bøyningen som oppstår etter tynning av silisium- materialet.
RD53-organisasjonen ble opprettet for å utvikle den neste generasjonen av hybride pik- selutlesningschipper. ATLAS-oppgraderingen trenger chipper med mindre pikselstørrelser, høyere utlesningshastighet og høyere strålingstoleranse. Denne avhandlingen beskriver for- fatterens bidrag til FoU-arbeidet med ATLAS Inner Tracker Pixel (ITkPix)-chippene. En ny injeksjonsmetode ble implementert i programvaren YARR, som brukes for utlesning av chippen. Denne metoden brukes til å sende en dobbel injeksjon fra kalibreringselektron- ikken for å studere utlesningen av signalet i chippen. Den nye injeksjonsmetoden blir også brukt til å karakterisere lokale variasjoner i jordingen i chippen. I tillegg ble en forbedret tuningprosedyre i YARR-programvaren for ITkPix-chippen utviklet.
Ett spin-off prosjekt på ITkPix-chippen er også inkludert i denne avhandlingen, hvor et tynt lag av amorf selen (a-Se) blir lagt på chippen og deretter testet med en gammastrålek- ilde. Detektorer som har en sensorfilm direkte lagt på utlesningssiden av chippen, gir rom for nye bruksområder. Dette kan for eksempel være i den neste generasjonen av partikke- lakseleratorer som Future Circular Collider (FCC-ee), eller i medisinsk avbildning.The ATLAS Detector, located beneath the surface at the Swiss-French border, measures the debris from high-energy proton-proton collisions accelerated by the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. The first point of particle detection occurs in the innermost subsystem of ATLAS, which consists of multiple layers of silicon pixel detectors. These detectors are currently the most precise charged particle detectors in the field of High-Energy Physics (HEP) and play a crucial role in particle tracking and identification. In 2026, the ATLAS detector will be upgraded to face the challenges imposed by the High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC), where the instantaneous luminosity will be increased by a factor of five over the current LHC instantaneous luminosity. The Inner Detector of ATLAS will be replaced by a new all-silicon tracker named the Inner Tracker (ITk). The pixel detectors of the ITk must withstand unprecedented radiation levels while maintaining high detection efficiency. Advanced 3D silicon pixel sensor technology is specifically chosen for the two innermost layers of the ITk due to its superior radiation hardness.
This thesis examines 3D silicon sensors manufactured by SINTEF to determine if they meet the ATLAS specifications for the ITk. The sensors are irradiated to high fluences cor- responding to lifetime operation at the HL-LHC, and their performance is measured in test beam experiments. Electrical characterization, including Current-Voltage (I-V) measure- ments, is performed on diced sensors before irradiation and on assembled modules after irradiation. A separate analysis is also conducted on diced sensors to measure sensor bow- ing, which is seen to emerge during thinning of the sensor support wafer.
The RD53 collaboration was established to develop the next-generation hybrid pixel read- out chips for the ATLAS upgrade. The goal of the collaboration was to develop chips with smaller pixel sizes, higher hit rate capability, and higher radiation tolerance. This thesis de- scribes the author’s contribution to the R&D work of the ATLAS ITkPix chips. The chip is studied by implementing a new calibration injection procedure into the YARR readout software [1], which injects a double pulse into the chip’s front end. By injecting two pulses in rapid succession, one can investigate the time separation needed to identify the pulses as separate hits. This method is also used to characterize local grounding variations within the chip. Additionally, an improved threshold tuning procedure is developed in the YARR software for the ITkPix chips.
The author participated in a spin-off project from the ITkPix chips, where the chip is coated with a thin layer of Amorphous Selenium (a-Se) and tested with a gamma source. Detectors created by directly adding a sensor film to bare readout chips offer broad potential applications, including next-generation colliders like the Future Circular Collider (FCC-ee) and medical imaging.Doktorgradsavhandlin
Treatment of Traumatic Dental Injuries in the Public Dental Services—A Qualitative Exploration of Perceived Challenges and Needs
Get PDFBackground/Aim
This study explored perceived challenges in the management of traumatic dental injuries (TDI) among general dentists in the public dental service (PDS) of Vestland County in Western Norway and their needs for improving treatment care for TDI patients.
Participants and Methods
This qualitative study conducted three focus group discussions. We recruited a purposive sample of seven general dentists employed in the PDS in Vestland County in Western Norway. The three focus groups consisted of two, two, and three participants, respectively. The focus group discussion took place via the Microsoft electronic platform Teams, and it was visual, and audio recorded. Transcripts of the interviews were analyzed using systematic text condensation.
Results
The general dentists in this study experienced the management of TDI as a set of complex procedures that require good theoretical knowledge, clinical experience, skills, and teamwork. We were able to group these challenges into three results categories: (1) proficiency challenges, (2) the challenge of stress and discomfort during dental procedures, and (3) the challenge of the organization of the PDS. The participants also expressed the need for practical courses, calibration, and refresher courses in dental traumatology. Their needs fell into two categories: (1) regular, clinically relevant continuing professional development and (2) collective efforts in TDI management.
Conclusion
Increasing awareness of the challenges in TDI management and addressing the need for improved dental treatment for TDI patients may lead to targeted programs to enhance dentists' knowledge and skills. There is considerable potential for training dentists in dental traumatology.publishedVersio
Exploring Oceanic Soundscapes: A Methodological Comparison Of Machine Learning and Traditional Methods
No full textMasteroppgave i geovitenskapGEOV399MAMN-GEO
On the dual motivic Steenrod algebra over number rings
Get PDFMasteroppgave i matematikkMAT399MAMN-MA
Digital Dharma: A thematic analysis of traditional and modernist Buddhism in the meditation app Waking Up
No full textThe aim of this thesis is to analyze the portrayal of Buddhist teachings and practices in the mobile app Waking Up. The app was created in 2018 by Sam Harris, a prolific author, podcast host, and critic of religion. Using thematic analysis, I identify several different ways in which meditative practices and teachings from the Buddhist tradition are presented in the app. I argue that a variant of Buddhist meditation, in broad terms called ‘mindfulness,’ is recontextualized in the app’s Introductory Course as a secular and scientific technique for cultivating greater presence and happiness in everyday life. My analysis then extends beyond the Introductory Course in an effort to highlight the characteristics of Buddhist teachings as they are presented elsewhere in the app. My argument is that Harris represents Buddhist modernism, an analytic term used to encapsulate certain expressions of Buddhism in modernity. I also argue that there is a tension in the app between traditional, i.e. religious forms of Buddhism and the modernist, secular framing that I associate with Harris. In the analysis, I investigate how this tension is negotiated. Finally, the Buddhist content in Waking Up is placed in the context of the app’s larger content library, where I propose that Buddhism could be conceptualized as a means to self-actualization and spirituality in the app.Religionsvitenskap mastergradsoppgaveRELV350MAHF-LÆHRMAHF-REL
Who Bears the Burden? An Empirical Analysis of a Potential Wealth Tax Incidence in the Commercial Rental Market
Get PDFThis thesis examines the notion of a potential wealth tax pass-through in Norway’s commercial rental market. Drawing on tax-incidence theory, I use a two-way fixed-effects Difference-in-Differences design that exploits a sustained increase in the wealth tax burden for commercial property owners after 2013 and a treatment and control group based on the Monocentric City Theory to investigate whether property owners pass on the wealth tax burden to tenants through adjustments in rents. The main objective of this thesis is to contribute to the discussion about the effects of the Norwegian wealth tax and to highlight how the wealth tax could influence outcomes in Norway’s commercial rental market.
I find that average office rents in central districts of Oslo’s office space market, where demand for office rentals is assumed to be inelastic, rose by approximately 11–12 percent more than in other districts during a period in which property owners faced an increase in wealth tax liability. Whether this result reflects a causal pass-through effect does, however, remain uncertain due to methodological concerns related to the identification strategy and time-varying confounders. Using an event-study design and a robustness test from the Honest Difference-in-Differences framework, I find that my estimates are sensitive to minor departures from parallel trends.MasteroppgaveECON391PROF-SØKMASV-SØ
Marvels kvinner: mellom agens og markedsfeminisme - en analyse av kvinnelige karakterers representasjon, agens og autonomi i Marvel Cinematic Uinverse (2008-2024).
Get PDFMasteroppgave i medier og kommunikasjonMEVI350MASV-MEV
Prevalence of epilepsy: a population-based cohort study in Denmark with comparison to Global Burden of Disease (GBD) prevalence estimates
Get PDFBackground: The Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) produces prevalence estimates for ‘idiopathic epilepsy’ (ie, of unknown aetiology) and ‘secondary epilepsy’ (ie, with known aetiology) but does not report prevalence by underlying aetiologies for ‘secondary epilepsy’.
Methods: We used nationwide, population-based register data from Denmark to identify underlying causes of epilepsy and their contribution to prevalence of ‘secondary epilepsy’ and compared with global prevalence data from GBD 2019. We identified all persons with a hospital-based epilepsy diagnosis and a filled prescription for antiseizure medication between 1 January 2009 and 31 December 2018. Epilepsy was categorised into ‘idiopathic’ or ‘secondary’ and ‘total epilepsy’ as the sum of the two epilepsy categories.
Results: On 31 December 2018, a total of 5 784 284 individuals (49.7% males) were living in Denmark including 40 336 with epilepsy (51.5% males). Perinatal conditions, traumatic brain injury, brain tumours and stroke were prominent underlying causes of ‘secondary epilepsy’. The prevalence of ‘total epilepsy’ in Denmark was 697 (95% CI 691 to 704) per 100 000 population (264 (95% CI 260 to 269) for ‘secondary epilepsy’ and 433 (95% CI 428 to 438) for ‘idiopathic epilepsy’). In the GBD 2019 Study, the prevalence of ‘total epilepsy’ in 2018 was 682 (95% uncertainty interval (UI) 586 to 784) per 100 000 population (359 (95% UI 324–397) for ‘secondary epilepsy’ and 324 (95% UI 249 to 404) for ‘idiopathic epilepsy’).
Conclusions: Prevalence estimates of ‘total epilepsy’, ‘idiopathic epilepsy’ and ‘secondary epilepsy’ in Denmark align with the GBD 2019 estimates. In future studies, it is suggested to explicitly include all types of epilepsy, including ‘secondary epilepsy’, which is currently estimated as sequelae (consequences) of underlying diseases.publishedVersio