Norwegian Centre for Research Data

Bergen Open Research Archive (Univ. of Bergen)
Not a member yet
    39449 research outputs found

    167 hours on our own: Collaborating with pain patients through music therapy for the exploration and development of implements for the self-management of pain

    Get PDF
    Among one in three live with prolonged pain, and there are limited health care services to support their complex needs. Music therapy is a fairly unexplored resource for this population, and research is scarce. The aim of this study was to explore how lasting pain patients experience working together with a music therapist to create music-based implements, and how patients can integrate these in their daily lives for pain management and wellbeing. The method of this study was interviews, with a phenomenological lens. Findings include reports of how increased awareness and exploration in music therapy, the participants could discover new ways of facilitating their music use. They also described a supportive therapeutic relationship, where guidance was instrumental for the exploration of music as a health resource. Participants also reported how their health situation influences and/or hinders their music use. In the discussion the findings were discussed in relation to existing findings of music as reflexive practice, a critical perspective on agency and self-management, and a reflection of continuity between contexts. In summary, this study has shown potential for music therapy to be further explored and implemented as a service for this population.  Masteroppgave i musikkterapiMUTP350MAHF-INMU

    Future changes in precipitation variability and implications for hydropower in Norway

    Get PDF
    Hydropower, which generates approximately 90% of Norway’s electricity, is highly dependent on precipitation. Climate change is expected to increase both the magnitude of precipitation and the precipitation variability in the fu- ture. However, the impact on hydropower generation remains uncertain, and more research is needed to understand the effects of changing precipitation patterns and variability. This study examines future precipitation changes, their atmospheric drivers, and impacts on hydropower in Norway’s five electricity price areas. Using the Community Earth System Model 2 (CESM2) Large Ensemble Community Project (LENS2), daily and monthly precipitation for the years 2030–2050 is compared with the years 1990–2010. This is done to assess changes in precipitation patterns, variability, and hydropower potential. Seven North Atlantic weather regimes, defined by daily z500 patterns, are analyzed to understand the atmospheric circulation leading to precipitation patterns. The results show significant precipitation increases in the months Janu- ary–March and October–December, particularly along the west coast. There is also a significant future decrease in summer precipitation in southern Nor- way. The intermonthly variability increases, most notably in January on the west coast. The weather regime Zonal regime (similar to a positive North At- lantic Oscillation), associated with high precipitation, increases in frequency, amplifying the number of wet days in Norway. In contrast the drier Green- land Blocking regime has the greatest decrease in days, reducing the number of dry days. Precipitation energy, a metric for the hydropower potential, increases across all areas, with central Norway showing the highest and east- ern Norway the lowest. The extreme precipitation (max and min daily and monthly precipitations) intensifies, with future extremes exceeding current extremes in Norway. These changes challenge reservoir management, but enhance available precipitation for energy production in high-precipitation regions. This study addresses knowledge gaps on precipitation variability and the role of weather regimes, offering valuable insights for sustainable hydropower planning and adaptation to climate-driven changes in Norway’s energy sector.Masteroppgave i energiENERGI399MAMN-ENER

    Suppressing Vortex Shedding Using Kriging-Based Surrogate Modelling

    Get PDF
    Masteroppgave i havteknologiHTEK399MAMN-HTEK5MAMN-HTE

    Varslingsregelen i barnevernsloven § 6-4

    Get PDF
    MasteroppgaveJUS399MAJUR-2MAJU

    Supply Shock and Environmental Outcomes

    Get PDF
    This thesis investigates the environmental impact of the Boeing 737 MAX grounding in March 2019, with a focus on the unintended emissions consequences resulting from a sudden supply shock. The grounding of one of the most fuel-efficient narrow-body aircraft models led carriers to substitute older, less efficient models, potentially leading to a relative increase in flight- level emissions on affected routes. To estimate this impact, the analysis uses a difference-in-differences (DiD) approach with a continuous treatment variable that captures the intensity of MAX usage on each carrier-route combination prior to the grounding. The treatment effect is estimated using STATA, while Python is employed to calculate flight-specific emissions across both the landing and take-off (LTO) cycle and cruise-climb-descent (CCD) phase. The results show that CO2 emissions would have had a relative increase of 23.8% on affected routes if they relied exclusively on the MAX. However, after adjusting for the average MAX usage intensity of 7.3%, this translates into a relative increase of 1.7%. For NOX, the average estimated effect is 0.8%, although not statistically significant. When broken down by affected airlines, United Airlines experienced the highest relative increase in emissions, followed by Southwest and American Airlines. The analysis is extended to additional emissions, including SOX, H2O, CO, HC, and PM, which also show statistically significant relative increases. Furthermore, the estimated impact is separated by flight phase, revealing that CO2 and most other emissions were driven primarily by the CCD phase, while HC and PM experienced the largest effect during the LTO cycle. These findings highlight the broader environmental consequences of sudden capacity shocks in energy-intensive sectors like aviation. Although the grounding of the Boeing 737 MAX was a necessary safety intervention, the results show that such disruptions can lead to persistent and measurable increases in multiple emissions.MasteroppgaveECON391MASV-SØKPROF-SØ

    Utvidende og innskrenkende tolkning av lovtekst til skattyteres ugunst - En studie av Høyesteretts praksis i skatteretten

    Get PDF
    Masteroppgave (70 sp) forskerlinjeJUS397MAJU

    Bankers adgang til å utveksle personopplysninger for å forebygge og avdekke hvitvasking.

    Get PDF
    MasteroppgaveJUS399MAJUR-2MAJU

    Towards Targeted Communication: A Study of Personalization in LLM-Generated News Summaries

    No full text
    To presserende utfordringer i digital journalistikk i dag er behovet for konsis informasjon og den økende etterspørselen etter personaliserte nyhetssammendrag. Selv om generative språkmodeller tilbyr skalerbare muligheter for oppsummering, er deres potensial for å tilpasse innhold til spesifikke brukergrupper fortsatt lite utforsket. Denne studien undersøker hvorvidt slike modeller kan generere sammendrag som treffer en definert demografisk gruppe av unge voksne i alderen 19–27 år. Vi gjennomfører eksperimenter med tre generative modeller. Sammendragene genereres med tre ulike instrukstyper: publikumsrettet, nøytral og bevisst uprofesjonell. Utdataene evalueres gjennom en metodekombinasjon som omfatter kvantitativ analyse, menneskelig evaluering av kvalitet på tvers av fire dimensjoner (konsistens, relevans, koherens og flyt), og en preferanseevaluering der målgruppen rangerer sammendrag etter personlig preferanse. Våre funn viser at språkmodellene i stor grad klarer å produsere sammendrag av høy kvalitet, men at responsen på variasjoner i instruksformulering varierer mellom modellene. Studien synliggjør også utfordringer knyttet til personalisering for grupper: selv innen en demografisk gruppe er preferansene svært varierte. Disse bidragene gir innsikt i språkmodellenes evne til nyansering og tilpasning, og reiser spørsmål om hvorvidt det er mulig, eller hensiktsmessig, å personalisere for en gruppe.Masteroppgave i informasjonsvitenskapINFO390MASV-INF

    On conservation laws, particle paths and wave breaking in long wave models

    Get PDF
    I denne doktorgradsavhandlingen ser vi på et par temaer i forbindelse med dispersive og ikke-lineære ligninger for lange bølger. Vi tar for oss bevaringslover, som her handler om hvordan masse, bevegelsesmengde og energi er bevart i en fluidstrømning. Vi ser også på fluidpartikkelbaner fremkalt av bølger som passerer på overflaten av fluidet. En studie av bølgebryting for en case som omhandler en oscillerende bølgeform bak en glatt propagerende bølgefront er også inkludert. Artikkel A er en studie av energibevaring i eeKdV-ligningen. Den presenterer bakgrunnen for utledningen av en ligning som vi kaller eeKdV-ligningen. Konteksten med asymptotiske parametere som er settingen for utledningen av den mer velkjente KdV-ligningen krever en ikke-lineæritetsparameter og en dispersjonsparameter som er små og av samme størrelsesorden. Vi presenterer hvordan enkelte scenarioer fra den virkelige verden kan rettferdiggjøre en justert antagelse for den relative parameterstørrelsen, en endring som vil lede til eeKdV-ligningen. Noen konserverte integraler for denne ligningen blir presentert. Så legger vi frem stegene for utledningen av selve eeKdV-ligningen, i tillegg til ligninger for hastighetsfeltet og trykket. Deretter utleder vi approksimative energibevaringslover til samme parameterorden som eeKdV-ligningen selv er utledet til. Vi gjør en delvis verifikasjon av energifluksene for KdV-ligningen og eeKdV-ligningen i en gruntvannslignings-kontekst, og forklarer hvorfor parameterskaleringen for eeKdV-ligningen er nødvendig for å gi det forventede fluksuttrykket i grensetilfellet veldig grunt vann. Til slutt gjennomfører vi en numerisk studie som viser at feilene i de utledede energiuttrykkene er begrenset som forventet fra metoden brukt til å utlede dem. Artikkel B omhandler et studie av bevaringslover for masse, bevegelsesmengde og energi i det velkjente Nwogu-ligningssystemet. Vi beskriver utledningen av Nwogu-ligningssystemet i en kontekst med to-dimensjonal strømning over en bunn med varierende topografi, etterfulgt av utledning av ligninger for hastighetsfeltet, potensialfunksjonen og trykket for dette scenarioet. Så utleder vi approksimative bevaringslover for det aktuelle scenarioet. Bevaringslovene er gyldige til samme parameterorden som Nwogu-ligningssystemet selv. Deretter viser vi hvordan bevaringslovene reduseres for en case med en-dimensjonal strømning over en flat bunn. Til slutt beskriver vi hovedlinjene i en numerisk studie for å sjekke bevaringslovene i det sistnevnte scenarioet. Ved å gjennomføre det numeriske studiet viser vi hvordan feilene i bevaringslovene for masse, bevegelsesmengde og energi er innenfor det som kan forventes basert på den benyttede nøyaktigheten i utledningen av bevaringslovene. Artikkel C undersøker partikkelbaner i sammenheng med KP-II-ligningen. Vi går gjennom hvordan KP-ligningen kan tolkes som en utvidelse av KdV-ligningen til to-dimensjonale strømninger. Hovedstegene i utledningen av KP-ligningen blir beskrevet, før vi flytter fokuset til KP-II-ligningen. Vi diskuterer hastighetsfeltet som hører til ligningen, og også rollen til løsningen for ligningen i disse hastighetsuttrykkene. Vi presenterer metoden for hvordan vi beskriver partikkelbanene, og viser hvordan man løser systemet av ordinære differensialligninger som beskriver partikkelhastigheten, inkludert hvordan man praktisk håndterer noen utfordrende ledd. Sentralt her er også hvordan man velger numerisk gitter på en fordelaktig måte for det aktuelle problemet. Oppmerksomheten rettes deretter mot den generelle formen for soliton-løsning for KP-II-ligningen. Deretter fortsetter vi med å finne numeriske løsninger for partikkelbaner i sammenheng med henholdsvis en-linje-solitonløsningen, to-linje-O-type-solitonløsningen og Y-type-solitonløsningen. Vi avslutter studien med å se på de oppdagede partikkel-banene som oppstår fra bevegelsen til solitonløsningene og hastighetsfeltene som oppstår rundt disse løsningene. Vi tar også et raskt blikk på funnene i sammenheng med tidligere resultater for KdV-ligningen. Doktorgradsavhandlingen inneholder også en oppdatert beskrivelse av en studie av bølgebryting som først ble presentert i [39], der BBM-ligningen blir brukt for et scenario med en oscillerende bølgeform bak en glatt propagerende bølgefront. Studien er også utvidet til å inkludere nye resultater for eBBM-ligningen og eeBBM-ligningen, som er utvidede ligningsformer av BBM-typen. Her diskuterer vi det nevnte bølgefenomenet og den initielle styrken til bølgeprofilen, og noen tidligere eksperimenter og teoretiske arbeider som har vært motivasjon for den aktuelle studien. Det beskrives hvordan man operasjonaliserer noen nøkkelstørrelser i sammenheng med et konvektivt bølgebrytingsscenario i det aktuelle bølgefenomenet, og hvordan man kan sette et kriterie for å avgjøre om bølger bryter eller ikke, basert på nøkkelvariabler i strømningen. Den numeriske tilnærmingen brukt for bølgebrytingsstudien blir beskrevet. Man finner et endelig resultat for en kritisk initiell bølgeprofilstyrke for bølgebryting i BBM-ligningen, som kvalitativt sett er en god match med eksperimentelle resultater. Resultatene her ligner også på funnene fra tidligere teoretiske studier. En tolkning av resultatene for BBM-ligningen blir utført ved å se på solitærbølgeløsninger for ligningen. Resultatene blir også sammenlignet med nylig oppdagede tilsvarende resultater for eBBM-ligningen og eeBBM-ligningen. Resultatene blir også kort diskutert i sammenheng med tidligere teoretiske arbeider.In this doctoral thesis, we look at a few topics in the context of dispersive non-linear long wave model equations. We deal with conservation laws, which in this case relates to how mass, momentum and energy is conserved in a fluid flow. Also, we take a look at induced fluid particle trajectories by the overhead passage of waves. Included is also a study on wave breaking for the case of an undular bore. Paper A is a study of energy conservation in the eeKdV equation. It presents the background for deriving an equation which we call the eeKdV equation. The asymptotic parameter context which is the setting for the derivation of the more well-known KdV equation requires a non-linearity parameter and a dispersion parameter to be small and of the same order of magnitude. We present how some real-world physical scenarios may justify an adjusted assumption on the relative parameter size, an adjustment that will lead to the eeKdV equation. Some conserved integrals for this equation are presented. Then the outline of the derivation of the eeKdV equation itself is laid out, as well as equations for the velocity field and pressure. Then, approximate energy conservation expressions to the same parameter order as the eeKdV equation itself are derived. A partial verification of the energy fluxes for the KdV equation and eeKdV equation in the shallow water equations context is performed, explaining the necessity of the eeKdV parameter scaling order to provide the expected flux expression in the limit case of very shallow water. Ultimately, we carry out a numerical study which shows that the errors connected to the energy expressions are limited as expected from the method of their derivation. Paper B is devoted to studying conservation laws for mass, momentum and energy in the well-known Nwogu system. We describe the derivation of the Nwogu model equations in the context of two-dimensional flow over a variable bottom topography, followed by the development of expressions for the velocity field, potential function and pressure for this case. Then, approximate conservation laws for the mass, momentum and energy is derived for the scenario at hand, and valid to the same parameter order as the Nwogu system itself. Next, it is shown how the conservation law expressions reduce in the case of a one-dimensional flat bottom. Finally, we lay out the lines of a numerical procedure for checking the conservation law expressions in the latter scenario. By performing the numerical investigation, it is demonstrated that the errors connected to the conservation law expressions for mass, momentum and energy are indeed within the limits which should be anticipated based on the level of accuracy related to the derivation of said expressions. Paper C investigates particle paths in the KP-II equation. We recall how the KP equation can be interpreted as an extension of the KdV equation for two-dimensional flows. The main steps of the derivation of the KP equation are described, before we shift the focus to the KP-II equation. We discuss the velocity field connected to the equation, as well as the role of solutions in these velocity expressions. The method of description of particle trajectories is presented, and it is demonstrated how solve numerically the ODE system arising for the fluid particle velocity, including the practical handling of some challenging terms. Central here is also how to choose numerical grids in a favorable way for the problem at hand. Attention is shifted to look at the general soliton solution form for the KP-II equation, after which we go on to find numerical solutions for the particle paths in the context of respectively the one-line soliton solution, the two-line O-type soliton solution and the Y-type soliton solution. We conclude the study by considering the identified particle paths related to the propagation of the different soliton solutions and the velocity fields arising from said solutions. We also take a brief look at the findings in view of earlier related results for the KdV equation. Also included in the doctoral thesis is an updated description of a study of wave breaking first presented in [39], where the BBM equation is applied for the case of an undular bore. The study is also expanded to include new results for the eBBM and eeBBM equations, which are extended equation forms of the BBM-type. Here, we discuss the phenomenon of the undular bore and the bore strength, and some previous experimental works and theoretical studies that serves as the motivation for the current work. It is described how to operationalize some key quantities related to the convective form of wave breaking in context of the bore, and how to set a criterion to dermine if waves are breaking or not, based on some key parameters of the flow. The numerical approach in which the wave breaking study is undertaken is described. A final result for a critical bore strength for wave breaking is found for the BBM equation, which in the qualitative sense is a reasonable good match to experimental results. The results here are also similar to findings of previous theoretical studies. An interpretation of the results found for the BBM equation is done by looking at solitary wave solutions for the equation. Also, the results are compared to corresponding newly found results for the eBBM equation and eeBBM equation. The findings are also briefly discussed in light of previous theoretical works.Doktorgradsavhandlin

    35,425

    full texts

    39,449

    metadata records
    Updated in last 30 days.
    Bergen Open Research Archive (Univ. of Bergen)
    Access Repository Dashboard
    Do you manage Open Research Online? Become a CORE Member to access insider analytics, issue reports and manage access to outputs from your repository in the CORE Repository Dashboard! 👇