39449 research outputs found
Sort by
Exploring Large Language Models and Plagiarism in Educational Settings
Full text linkThe rise of large language models (LLMs) has introduced challenges to academic integrity, particularly concerning plagiarism detection. This thesis investigates the extent to which LLM-generated academic texts can evade detection by two widely used plagiarism detection tools. Using an automated pipeline, 90 academic-style documents were generated across a variety of topics using three different LLMs: ChatGPT, Gemini, and Deepseek. These texts were evaluated using both a professional plagiarism detection tool, iThenticate, and a publicly accessible alternative, Winston AI. Texts that exceeded predefined similarity thresholds were regenerated iteratively to assess whether repeated prompting could reduce plagiarism detectability.
The results show that most LLM-generated texts fall below institutional plagiarism thresholds on the first attempt, and nearly all texts that initially failed were successfully revised to acceptable levels within a few iterations. Notably, DeepSeek demonstrated a slightly stronger capacity to reduce plagiarism scores through document regeneration compared to ChatGPT and Gemini. Topic-based variation was also evident, with science and technology texts more frequently triggering plagiarism flags than those on art or politics.
The findings reveal gaps in current plagiarism detection systems, especially when evaluating content produced by advanced generative models. Moreover, the thesis underscores the limitations of relying solely on similarity-based metrics and highlights the need for revised academic policies and detection methods. As LLMs continue to evolve, higher education institutions must adapt their guidelines regarding originality to preserve academic standards in the era of artificial intelligence.Masteroppgave i informasjonsvitenskapINFO390MASV-INF
Internasjonalisering i norsk metodeteori. Med særlig fokus på metodelitteraturen til Eckhoff (ved Helgesen), Nygaard og Arnesen/Stenvik 1971-2015
Full text linkMasteroppgaveJUS399MAJUR-2MAJU
Sentencing in Violent Crime Cases in Norway with a Focus on Penal Code §275 on Homicide
No full textDenne masteroppgaven omhandler straffeutmåling ved voldskriminalitet i norsk rett, med særlig vekt på straffeloven § 275 om forsettlig drap og problemstillinger knyttet til minimumsstraff. Formålet med oppgaven er å analysere hvilke juridiske rammer og vurderingsmomenter som domstolene legger til grunn ved straffeutmåling i voldssaker. Det gis en grundig gjennomgang av relevante prinsipper som legalitetsprinsippet, skyldprinsippet og proporsjonalitet, samt en systematisk analyse av objektive og subjektive faktorer som påvirker domfellelsen.
Oppgaven drøfter hvordan lovbestemte minstestraffer kan utfordre domstolenes skjønnsutøvelse og balanseres mot formildende og skjerpende omstendigheter. Det foretas en gjennomgang av rettspraksis, med særlig fokus på saker om drap, ran og grov vold, hvor det identifiseres fellestrekk og ulikheter i domstolenes vurderinger. Blant annet belyses betydningen av domfeltes alder, sosiale bakgrunn og miljøpåvirkning for straffeutmålingen.
Gjennom en rettsdogmatisk tilnærming belyser oppgaven hvordan minstestraffer anvendes i praksis, og i hvilken grad det åpnes for straffereduksjon ved særlige omstendigheter. Det konkluderes med at norske domstoler i enkelte tilfeller velger å gå under lovens minstestraff for å ivareta hensynet til individets særegne situasjon, noe som bekrefter rettens fleksibilitet og evne til å vurdere den enkelte sak konkret og helhetlig.This master’s thesis examines sentencing practices in cases of violent crime under Norwegian law, with a particular focus on Section 275 of the Penal Code regarding intentional homicide and the legal issues surrounding mandatory minimum sentences. The purpose of the thesis is to analyze the legal framework and key factors that influence sentencing decisions in violent crime cases. It provides a detailed discussion of fundamental principles such as the principle of legality, the principle of guilt, and proportionality, along with a systematic analysis of objective and subjective factors affecting sentencing outcomes.
The thesis explores how statutory minimum sentences may limit judicial discretion and how they are balanced against aggravating and mitigating circumstances. A review of case law is conducted, focusing on rulings involving murder, robbery, and serious violence, highlighting both commonalities and differences in how courts assess each case. Particular attention is given to the offender’s age, social background, and environmental influences as relevant to sentencing decisions.
Through a doctrinal legal approach, the thesis illustrates how minimum sentences are applied in practice and to what extent courts may reduce a sentence below the statutory minimum under special circumstances. It concludes that Norwegian courts, in certain cases, choose to deviate from mandatory minimums to accommodate the specific context of the offender, demonstrating the legal system’s flexibility and commitment to individualized and balanced justice.MasteroppgaveJUS399MAJUR-2MAJU
A special reality: Comparative literary analysis of self-reflection through father portraits in two Norwegian autobiographical comics
No full textTeikneseriar er eit ungt medium som har gått gjennom ein prosess frå å bli oppfatta som massekultur og rein underhaldning til å bli vurdert som ein form for litteratur. Som eit medium i stadig endring, rommar teikneseriar i dag begge desse perspektiva, ofte på ein måte som blandar dei. Den sjølvbiografiske teikneserien som eigenarta sjanger har vore ei drivkraft for denne utviklinga.
Denne masteroppgåva har som formål å undersøke korleis sjølvbiografiske teikneseriar kan bli brukt som utforsking av far-son-relasjonar. Prosjektet tar utgangspunkt i to norske sjølvbiografiske teikneseriar, En frivillig død (2018) av Steffen Kverneland, og Men hvem er du? (2023) av Martin Ernstsen. Bøkene har til felles at dei fungerer som sjølvrefleksjon gjennom portrett av ein far.
Oppgåva er ein komparativ litterær analyse som byggjer på medium- og sjangerorientert teori. Det har vore naudsynt å balansere mellom form og innhald, sidan fokuset i masteroppgåva er konsentrert til korleis sjølvrefleksjonen kjem til uttrykk, altså sjangermessig gjennom teikneseriemediet. Den litterære analysen av bøkene er i hovudsak tekstintern og basert på nærlesingar knytt til narratologi, komposisjon og sjanger. Sidan bøkene er basert på forfattarteiknarane sin sjølvrefleksjon, har også teksteksterne perspektiv bli nytta.
Ved å nærlese, analysere og samanlikne bøkene blir det argumentert for at den sjølvbiografiske teikneserien er ein unik sjanger for å formidle sjølvrefleksjon. Teikneseriemediet sin ibuande hybriditet tillet forfattarteiknarane å uttrykkje tankane sine på måtar som vanskeleg kan bli overførte til tradisjonelle sjølvbiografiar i prosa. Ved å visualisere sjølvet, blottlegg teikneserieskaparane seg og uttrykkjer trauma sine direkte på måtar som er tilgjengelege for lesaren. På denne måten kan også sjølvbiografiske teikneseriar bidra til auka forståing av «den andre» ved å blande fortid og historie, fakta og fiksjon og bilde og tekst. Det er eit særleg viktig poeng i ei tid prega av meir polarisering og eit større fokus på multimodalitet.Comic books is a young medium which has undergone a process from being perceived as mass culture and unadulterated entertainment to being received as a form of literature. As a medium in constant development, comic books toady contain both perspectives, often in a deliberately mixed manner. The autobiographical comic as a distinct genre has been a driving force behind this development.
The purpose of this master’s thesis is to investigate how autobiographical comics can be used as an exploration of father-son-relationships. The project is based on two Norwegian autobiographical comics, En frivillig død (2018) by Steffen Kverneland and Men hvem er du? (2023) by Martin Ernstsen. A commonality between the books is that they function as self-reflection through portraits of a father.
The thesis is a comparative literary analysis based on media and genre-oriented theories. It has been deemed necessary to balance between form and content as the focus of the thesis is concentrated to how self-reflection is expressed, that is in terms of genre through the comic book medium. The literary analysis is mainly text-internal and based on close readings connected to narratology, composition and genre. As the books are based on the author-cartoonists’ self-reflection, text-external perspectives have also been applied.
The findings based on close readings, analyses and comparisons, suggest that the autobiographical comic is a unique genre for conveying self- reflection. The inherent hybridity of the comics medium allows the authors to express their thoughts in ways that are difficult to translate into autobiography in prose. By visualizing the self, the comics creators expose their traumas in a direct manner and make them available to the reader. In this manner autobiographical comics can contribute to increased understanding of «the other» by blending past and history, fact and fiction, and image and text. This is a crucial point in a time characterized by increased polarization and a greater focus on multimodality.Erfaringsbasert masteroppgave i undervisning med fordypning i norskNORMAU650VID-MAUNO
Numeriske beregninger på vertikalt sensorsystem forankret på dypt vann
Full text linkMasteroppgave i havteknologiHTEK3995MAMN-HTEKMAMN-HTE
Scientific verification of folk beliefs - A qualitative study of how ghost hunting fits in as a communication method, ritual and leisure interest
No full textCommunication with the dead has historically played a role in how various societies understand and navigate concepts of the afterlife, leading to diverse perspectives and methods. In contemporary times, ghost-hunting is both a popular activity and a form of entertainment, where it is, among other things, televised. Thus, this thesis analyses the Swedish TV series Spökjakt to understand the ritualised ways people attempt to find and endure ghosts and communicate with them today.
Building on Victor Turner's ritual theory (1991) and folkloristic theories about ostension in legend tripping, I study ghost-hunting as a «method» to communicate with the dead. This study further considers the interpretation of ghost-hunting as a ritual phenomenon, examining its role as an attempt to communicate with the spirit world and the methods through which such interactions are pursued. Finally, this study considers how attempts to scientifically validate folk beliefs through ghost-hunting may shape contemporary approaches to understanding the afterlife.
The findings indicate that the equipment employed in ghost-hunting plays a crucial role in facilitating communication. However, the effectiveness of these interactions is shaped not only by how the equipment is used but also by how spirits are addressed, both of which influence the nature of paranormal encounters.
By televising ghost-hunting, the Spökjakt team engages in ostensive action, presenting ghost-hunting as both a practice and a spectacle. These actions are ritualised through the show’s dramaturgical form, which frames the experience within a recognisable narrative format. Elements of the liminal stage and communitas are evident within this context, allowing participants and viewers to engage in a shared, transformative experience. Here, specific equipment facilitates the exploration of death and the afterlife from a safe and mediated distance. Thus, ghost-hunting serves as a form of entertainment and a means of reflecting on personal beliefs and relationships with mortality and the afterlife.Mastergradsoppgave i kulturvitenskapKUVI350MAHF-KUV
Death-is-life-enhancing: Adaptation and validation of the Norwegian Death Mindsets Measure (NDMM)
Full text linkWhile existing psychological frameworks and their accompanying measures focus on death as anxiety-inducing and debilitating, we highlight an overlooked perspective of death—that death can be a basis for living with more meaning and presence. The present research adapts and validates the Death Mindsets Measure (DMM), which assesses the mindset that “death-is-life-enhancing,” for a Norwegian context. Firstly, we translated the DMM and consulted with Norwegian bereavement experts and bereaved Norwegians on items’ clarity and relevance to cultural perspectives of death. Secondly, we validated the Norwegian DMM (NDMM) on a predominantly bereaved community sample of Norwegians (N = 241). Using structural equation modeling, we confirmed the hierarchical two-factor structure of our measure. The NDMM also demonstrated high internal consistency and discriminant validity with existing death anxiety and death attitudinal measures. Finally, our measure explained additional variance in psychological well-being beyond existing death anxiety and attitudinal measures.publishedVersio
Limits on the use of mechanical means of restraints in mental health care institutions in Norway
No full textMasteroppgaven er en rettsdogmatisk fremstilling av problemstillingen "hvilke krav gjelder til når og hvor lenge man kan bruke mekaniske tvangsmidler jf. phvl. § 4-8 andre ledd bokstav a" i institusjon for døgnopphold innen psykisk helsevern. Problemstillingen viser til «når» og «hvor lenge» man kan bruke mekaniske tvangsmidler. Valg av problemstilling er gjort da grensene er uavklarte. Det menneskerettslige perspektivet er et sentralt tema i oppgaven, hvor særlig EMK artikkel 3 med tilhørende nyere praksis fra EMD er tillagt stor vekt.This is a legal master thesis on the issue "which requirements apply to when and for how long one can use mechanical means of restraint, cf. phvl. § 4-8 second paragraph letter a" in an institution for 24-hour stays within mental health care institutions. The issue refers to "when" and "how long" one can use mechanical means of restraint. The choice of issue has been made because the boundaries are unclear. The human rights perspective is a central theme in the thesis, where in particular ECHR Article 3 with associated recent practice from the ECHR is given great importance.MasteroppgaveJUS399MAJUR-2MAJU
Future biomarkers for acute graft-versus-host disease: potential roles of nucleic acids, metabolites, and immune cell markers
Full text linkIntroduction
Acute graft versus host disease (aGVHD) is a potentially lethal complication after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Biomarkers are used to estimate the risk of aGVHD and evaluate response to treatment. The most widely used biomarkers are systemic levels of various protein mediators involved in immunoregulation or reflecting tissue damage. However, systemic levels of other molecular markers such as nucleic acids or metabolites, levels of immunocompetent cells or endothelial cell markers may also be useful biomarkers in aGVHD.
Areas covered
This review is based on selected articles from the PubMed database. We review and discuss the scientific basis for further studies to evaluate nucleic acids, metabolites, circulating immunocompetent cell subsets or endothelial markers as biomarkers in aGVHD.
Expert opinion
A wide range of interacting and communicating cells are involved in the complex pathogenesis of aGVHD. Both nucleic acids and metabolites function as soluble mediators involved in communication between various subsets of immunocompetent cells and between immunocompetent cells and other neighboring cells. Clinical and experimental studies suggest that both neutrophils, monocytes, and endothelial cells are involved in the early stages of aGVHD pathogenesis. In our opinion, the possible clinical use of these molecular and cellular biomarkers warrants further investigation.publishedVersio
Antisemitism in Norway - a discourse analysis
No full textThis thesis explores how antisemitism is being constructed in Norwegian public discourse and how Jews in Norway define antisemitism within these discursive frameworks. The study employs a qualitative research design based on Foucault’s discourse-analytical framework, by combining analysis of 13 media articles with four semi-structured interviews with four persons identifying as Jewish in different ways.
The analysis of media articles identifies three central discursive mechanisms: a tension between institutional/statistical knowledge and experiential knowledge, the construction of an acceptable Jewish position, and an ongoing struggle over the definition of antisemitism. In this discourse, statistical data and institutional voices are often privileged over lived Jewish experiences, which are often assigned secondary roles. Simultaneously, there are certain expectations regarding how Jewish voices should position themselves in the public discourse on antisemitism, particularly in relation to criticism of Israel and expressions of empathy for Palestinian victims.
The analysis of the four interviews show that the Jewish agents are not passive recipients of these discursive structures but rather active agents who negotiate and challenge the discourse. These actors have different approaches to the definition of antisemitism, with varying emphasis on different factors. At the same time, they show awareness of the existence an acceptable Jewish position and express resistance to it in different ways.
The study contributes to a more nuanced understanding of antisemitism as a discursive phenomenon and illuminates the complexity of how power relations and discursive mechanisms contribute to shaping both the public understanding of antisemitism and Jewish experiences in Norway. The findings underscore the importance of more nuanced approaches to antisemitism in Norwegian public discourse and the recognition of the diversity of Jewish experiences and perspectives.Religionsvitenskap mastergradsoppgaveRELV350MAHF-LÆHRMAHF-REL