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Economic viability of beekeeping in the municipality of Botucatu - SP
No full textThe municipality of Botucatu could be an excellent option for the development of beekeeping due to its great diversity of agricultural crops, favorable climatic conditions, and its location near important state highways, which would facilitate the flow of production. Therefore, the objective was to study the economic viability of establishing a honey production company in the municipality of Botucatu - SP. Based on the analysis of various factors that comprise the sustainability of a beekeeping activity, a company with 480 beehives and a honey processing house for all production was considered. The investments, maintenance costs, profitability, and estimated business growth over five years were analyzed. Through a cash flow analysis, the net present value (NPV) indicators were obtained, with a minimum attractive rate of return (MARR) of 6%, internal rate of return (IRR), and payback period, as well as the break-even point calculation. The project was considered economically viable, with an NPV of R 61,374.00, which, accumulated over five years, could reach R$ 164,503.95. Based on the payback period, the investor would see a return on their initial investment starting from two years and four months. The minimum honey production required for the project to be profitable was 14,558 kg of honey per year
Agricultural Economics Literature (Volume 11)
No full textIssue features include: Signed Reviews – Descriptive Notes and Abstracts – Selected List of Recent Reviews – Bibliographies – State Publications – U. S. Department of Agriculture Publications, Economic in Nature – New Periodicals – Periodical Articles – Notes. Book reviews included: Rural Trends in Depression Years; A Survey of Village-Centered Agricultural Communities 1930-1936 (Edmund de Schweinitz Brunner & Irving Lorge) --- Land Utilization and Rural Economy in Korea (Hoon Koo Lee) --- The Arts Workshop of Rural America; A Study of The Rural Arts Program of the Agricultural Extension Service (Marjorie Patten) --- A History of Agricultural Extension Work in the United States, 1785-1923 (Alfred Charles True) --- Sod-House Days; Letters from a Kansas Homesteader 1877-78 (Howard Ruede, edited by John Ise) --- Le corporatisme agricole et l'organisation des marchés en Allemagne (Raymond Bertrand) --- Western Lands and the American Revolution (Thomas Perkins Abernethy)
Problems of Land Tenure in Relation to Land Use Adjustments
No full textExcerpts: The purpose of this study is to obtain a clear understanding of the effects of various forms of land tenure on land-use patterns and related farming practices. Regarding land use in its effect on erosion, there are three important criteria which largely determine the relative degree of erosion and soil depletion on a given land class: (a) the proportion of the crop land in intertilled crops, particularly corn; (b) the proportion of the crop land in grasses and legumes; and (c) the proportion of the total farm land under permanent vegetative cover, i.e., permanent pasture and timber. This study is an attempt to measure, in quantitative terms, wherever possible, the influence of certain common lease types and other tenure conditions upon these criteria, and ultimately upon the status of erosion on the respective farms
Status and Trends of USDA Conservation Programs, 2002–2025
No full textUSDAʼs conservation programs provide incentives to agricultural producers to improve soil health, wildlife habitat, and water and air quality, including reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Over time, conservation funding authorized by Farm Bills has changed both in aggregate and in the relative shares of funded programs. In fiscal year 2024, estimated USDA conservation funding authorized by Farm Bills stood at 19 billion in supplemental conservation program funding to be spent from 2023–31, on EQIP, CSP, as well as the Agricultural Conservation Easements Program (ACEP), and the Regional Conservation Partnership Program (RCPP). This report provides a summary of USDA conservation programs and their funding, with a focus on conservation programs in the 2002−18 Farm Bills
Dairying in California
No full textContents: Historical (Establishment of the Dairy Industry by Americans – Early Practices and Prices in the Coast Region – More Recent Aspects of the Industry) --- Widely Diverse Dairy Conditions in California --- Four Main Divisions of California Dairy Lands and Climates --- The Leading Dairy County of California --- California System of Large Dairy Holdings --- Capacity of California Dairy Lands --- The Dairy Breeds in California --- Dry Feed and Its Characteristics --- Pasturage Seasons in California --- The Milking Season and Winter Feed --- Succulent Food During the Summer Drought --- The Best Drought-Resisting Forage Plants --- Winter Shelter in California --- Watering Dairy Stock --- Months of Greatest Production and the Yield Per Cow --- Number of Creameries in California --- Wide Use of Centrifugal Separators --- Length of Season and Sunday Work --- Milk Values in Different Months --- Proportion of Creamery Patrons --- Distance of Milk Carriage --- Farm Dairies in California --- The California Butter Roll --- California Forms of Cheese --- Dairy Markets of California --- Eastern Shipment of California Butter --- Dairy Organization and Protection
The Work of the Huntley Reclamation Project Experiment Farm in 1918
No full textContents: Conditions on the Project (Crop Conditions – Live Stock – Climatic Conditions) --- The Work of the Experiment Farm --- Field-Crop Experiments (Crop-Rotation Experiments – Silage Crops – Corn Variety Test – Clover Seed Production – Sugar-Beet Root-Louse Control – Barley Variety Test) --- Fruit Trees --- Crop-Utilization Experiments (Pasturing Alfalfa with Hogs – Hogging-off Corn – Hogging-off Corn and Rape) --- Feeding Experiments --- Mixed-Grass Pastures for Cows (Outline of the Experiments – Results of the Tests) --- Pasturing Sheep
Drought Vulnerability Assessment to Inform Grazing Practices on Rangelands of Southeastern Colorado’s Major Land Resource Area 69
No full textIncreased climate variability, including more frequent and intense drought, is projected for the southwestern region of the United States. Increased temperatures and reduced precipitation lower soil water availability resulting in decreased plant productivity and altering species composition which may affect forage quality and quantity. Reduced forage quality and increased heat stress attributable to warmer temperatures could lead to decreased livestock performance in this system, which is extensively used for livestock grazing. Mitigating the effects of increasing drought is critical to social and ecological stability in the region. Reduced stocking rates, change in livestock breeds and/or grazing practices are general recommendations that could be implemented to cope with increased climatic stress. Ecological Sites (ESs) and their associated state and transition models (STMs) are tools to help land managers implement and evaluate responses to disturbances. The projected change in climate will vary depending on geographic location. Vulnerability assessments and adaptation strategies are needed at the local level to inform local management decisions and help ameliorate the effects of climate change on rangelands. The USDA Southwest Climate Hub and Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) worked together to produce this drought vulnerability assessment at the Major Land Resource Area (MLRA) level based on ESs/STMs that will help landowners and government agencies identify and develop adaptation options for drought on rangelands. The assessment illustrates how site-specific information can be used to help minimize the effects of drought on rangelands and support informed decision-making for selecting management adaptations within MLRA 69
A More Detailed Food Dollar: Enhanced Accounting of U.S. Food Costs
No full textFor decades, the USDA, Economic Research Serviceʼs (ERS) Food Dollar has measured the costs of producing and marketing food from the farm to the final point of sale. These measures have come to be known as the farm share and the marketing share of the Food Dollar. In 2011, industry group shares were introduced, which measure the distribution of costs across supply chain industries, also in terms of consumer food expenditures. Methodological and data source quality improvements have led to historical revisions of the Food Dollar. These revisions provide a more detailed accounting of the U.S. food system and variation in farm, marketing, and supply chain costs over time and across products and outlets. This report highlights major differences in the Food Dollar from the change in the underlying model from 2011 to the new model used for 2026 and the impact of these modeling changes on estimated value shares
Analysis of the motivational factors of the baby boomer, X, Y, and Z generations and their expectations regarding professional careers.
No full textCurrently, the job market is composed of professionals from different age groups working together in the same organization. These different age groups are termed "generations," a concept that classifies the group of individuals born around the same time who share certain behaviors, values, and needs. These needs impact the motivation and perspectives each group has about their personal and professional future. The objective of this study is to understand the motivational factors that influence workers of each generation and to verify their career expectations. Field research was used, employing a questionnaire with closed multiple-choice questions and one for comments. The questionnaire was sent to one hundred and seventy-eight workers of different age groups from several companies in the city of Bauru/SP. The findings regarding career expectations showed that the Baby Boomer, X, and Y generations mostly want to build a solid career within the same company, opting for stability and job loyalty. Generation Z, on the other hand, prefers a career without boundaries, motivated by factors such as flexibility, autonomy, and quality of life. Furthermore, the results indicate that employees of all generations are, for the most part, satisfied with their current jobs and are thinking about the future, planning their professional careers. Another finding of the research showed that the most relevant motivational factors for all generations were financial security, quality of life, and flexibility at work