University of Minnesota, Duluth
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Farm Investments of Life Insurance Companies - 1959
No full textExcerpts: Farm mortgages owned by life insurance companies on January 1, 1959, amounted to 82 million more than on January 1, 1958. Although the 107,580 million), it represented 23.6 percent of the outstanding farm-mortgage debt – the largest share held by any institutional lender. Insurance companies are an important source of capital for agriculture. They have been the most important institutional lender on farm mortgages in 24 of the 49 years since 1910. From 1910 to 1923, their holdings were exceeded by those of banks and from 1935 to 1947, by those of the Federal land banks. Since 1948, however, life insurance companies have held a larger volume of farm-mortgage loans than any other type of institutional lender. The value of the farm mortgages held by life insurance companies has climbed from 2,661 million in 1959. Values for the last 4 years have topped the former high of $2,173 million reached in 1928
Strait of Hormuz Closure and Global Fertilizer Trade Disruptions
No full textThe March 2026 NDSU Agricultural Trade Monitor examines how the closure of the Strait of Hormuz disrupted global fertilizer and fertilizer feedstock trade and assesses the implications for U.S. agriculture and major importing countries. Triggered by military escalation between the United States, Israel, and Iran in late February 2026, the closure halted commercial shipping through one of the world’s most important energy and fertilizer corridors, blocking large shares of globally traded urea, sulfur, ammonia, and phosphate. The analysis shows that the Persian Gulf accounts for a substantial portion of seaborne fertilizer trade and that the disruption extends beyond direct Gulf exports through sulfur-dependent phosphate production in countries such as China, Morocco, and Indonesia. The report finds that the United States faces meaningful exposure in urea and phosphate markets, although domestic ammonia production and North American supply relationships provide some buffer. Other major agricultural economies, including Brazil, India, and Australia, appear more vulnerable because of their greater reliance on Gulf shipments. Compared with the 2022 Russia-Ukraine trade shock, the current disruption is more concentrated on fertilizer and input costs than on grain markets, limiting the crop price offset that supported farm revenues in 2022. The report concludes that the duration of the closure will be the key determinant of fertilizer price escalation and farm margin pressure in 2026
Cotton Production and Trade in Mozambique
No full textContents: Population --- Topography and Soil --- Climate --- Transportation --- Cotton Policy --- Cotton Production, Acreage, and Yield --- Factors Influencing Yields --- Handling and Marketing --- Varieties and Seed Distribution --- Large Scale Production --- Textile Industry --- Outloo
Professional Cognitive Education Model for Agricultural Water Conservancy Engineering under the Background of New Agricultural Science
No full textThe construction of new agricultural science requires the use of modern scientific and technological means to transform and enhance current agricultural related majors.The agricultural water conservancy engineering major, with its inherent disciplinary advantages, plays an indispensable and important role in the construction of new agricultural science.In recent years, the lack of professional cognitive education has gradually become a significant problem in the training of talents in agricultural water conservancy engineering.Therefore, this paper deeply analyzes the problems and reasons faced by professional cognitive education, and proposes specific educational strategies for several key aspects such as enrollment promotion, freshman enrollment education, construction of teacher team, combination of scientific research and teaching, and strengthening professional cognition through competition activities. It aims to provide reference for improving the quality of professional cognitive education and exploring effective ways
Application and Practice of Knowledge Graph in Experimental Teaching in Colleges and Universities
No full textWith the reform of experimental teaching in colleges and universities, the teaching mode of "experimental students as the main body, experimental teachers as the guide" needs to constantly explore new experimental teaching methods. In this paper, knowledge graph is integrated into the experiment of mechanical principle to guide undergraduates to use knowledge graph to analyze and summarize independently in experimental teaching activities, aiming at cultivating undergraduates' interest in learning and innovative thinking, so as to improve the quality of experimental teaching. This study has a certain reference significance for experimental teaching in colleges and universities
Integrated Development Path of Red Tourism and Rural Revitalization: A Case Study of Li Xiongcai’s Hometown in Guangdong
No full textWith the increasing attention of the state to the protection and development and utilization of red tourism resources, a series of policy documents have been promulgated and implemented one after another, laying a solid policy and environmental foundation for the integrated development of red tourism and rural revitalization. In this context, this study takes "Li Xiongcai’s hometown" in Kengwei Village, Baitu Town, Gaoyao District, Zhaoqing City, Guangdong Province, as a case study, adopts the questionnaire survey method to explore the current situation of the integration and development of red tourism and rural revitalization in five dimensions, namely, industry, culture, talent, ecology and organization, and summarizes the problems in the process of the integration and development of red tourism and rural revitalization and proposes a targeted optimization path to promote the development of red tourism. Targeted optimization paths are proposed to promote the high-quality development of red tourism in Li Xiongcai’s hometown, to support the comprehensive revitalization of the countryside, and to provide model cases for other regions in the integration of red tourism and rural revitalization
Strategies for the High-quality Development of Strategic Emerging Industries in Anhui Province
No full textRelying on its unique geographical location, rich scientific and educational resources, perfect industrial system, advanced infrastructure and efficient government service policies, Anhui Province, as a traditional manufacturing province in China, provides a solid foundation for the cultivation and development of strategic emerging industries. These factors open up a new situation for the high-quality development of strategic emerging industries in Anhui Province. However, the development of emerging industries in Anhui Province is also facing the challenges of the pressure of market competition, capital and technology, as well as the imbalance of regional development. To this end, it is necessary to further increase the introduction of talents and technology, widely absorb all kinds of capital, constantly optimize the industrial layout, and strive to enhance the ability of scientific and technological innovation. At the same time, it is needed to actively expand domestic and foreign markets, and promote the development of industrial clusters to make Anhui Province's strategic emerging industries bigger and stronger
Exploration and Integration Design of Ideological and Political Elements in the Course Culinary Raw Materials
No full textWith the continuous deepening of higher education reform, ideological and political theories teaching in all courses has become a key path to achieving the fundamental task of cultivating morality and talents. In this paper, through a detailed review and analysis on the content of the textbook Chaozhou Cuisine Raw Materials Science, the ideological and political elements of the curriculum in the field of culinary raw materials are revealed, and multidimensional ideological and political elements such as craftsmanship spirit, cultural confidence, and professional ethics are summarized. These elements aim to guide students to establish correct values and worldviews, providing valuable theoretical support for curriculum teaching
Education Inequality and Affirmative Action: Towards a Better Estimation
No full textThe education sector had witnessed an overall decline in terms of budgetary allocations, and was also subject to inequality in distribution of educational opportunities within the country. Education inequality has implications for addressing poverty alleviation and equitable development through education. Education inequality is discussed in the context of the programme of affirmative action in university admissions. The paper develops a new composite indicator of education inequality and applies it to understanding inequality of education across districts. The paper seeks to understand the policy behind recognising and designating districts that should be considered as 'disadvantaged' for the purpose of affirmative action in university education
Hints to Settlers on the Sun River Project, Montana
No full textExcerpts: The Sun River Project is located a little west of the center of Montana, on the eastern slope of the Rocky Mountains and near Great Falls, one of the largest cities in the State. Sun River Valley is about seventy miles long and from one to five miles wide. The ultimate development of the Project involves the reclamation of 256,000 acres of land. A compact body of 17,000 acres, known as the Fort Shaw Unit, has been opened to settlement. The farm unit is from 40 to 80 acres of irrigable land. These farms are obtained by homestead entry, and in addition to the small filing fee the settler is required to pay his pro-rata share of the cost of building the irrigation system. Model rural villages are being established at intervals of six miles, so that no farm will be more than three miles from a post-office. The lands are tributary to the Great Northern Railway. The principal crops will be alfalfa, wheat, oats, sugar beets, potatoes, and other vegetables. Good grazing lands surround the Project