University of Minnesota, Duluth
AgEcon Search: Research in Agricultural and Applied EconomicsNot a member yet
212667 research outputs found
Sort by
Estimation of Marketing Efficiency, Margin and Price Spread of Guava Fruit under Different Marketing Channels in Gujarat, India
No full textThe present research investigates the Marketing efficiency, marketable surplus, marketing cost, margin and price spread of guava in the Bhavnagar district of Gujarat. Various marketing channels were analyzed to determine their efficiency. The Bhavnagar district was purposively selected, as it has the largest area and production of guava in Gujarat. A total sample of 120 respondents was selected for the study. For studying price spread, 40 merchants from each of the Bhavnagar and Mahuva regulated markets were selected as samples. The major analytical tools employed for the study were tabular analysis, price spread, marketing cost and marketing efficiency. The study found that selling through a commission agent incurred the highest marketing costs per quintal (Rs. 131.51), followed by wholesalers (Rs. 110.65), village traders (Rs. 99.87) and retailers (Rs. 83.95). The marketable surplus constituted 93.65 per cent of total guava production. Among the channels studied, Channel-III (Producer - Commission Agent - Wholesaler - Retailer - Consumer) incurred the highest marketing cost per quintal, followed by Channel-II (Producer - Village Trader - Wholesaler - Retailer - Consumer) and Channel-I (Producer - Wholesaler - Retailer - Consumer). Channel-II recorded the highest marketing margin per quintal (Rs. 1555.26), followed by Channel-III (Rs. 1361.71) and Channel-I (Rs. 1158.65). The producer's share in the consumer's rupee per quintal was greatest in Channel-I (77.98%), followed by Channel-III (72.41%) and Channel-II (71.66%). According to Acharya's method, Channel-I is identified as the most effective marketing channel among the three
The Economic Impact of Tourists on a Rural Area in Missouri
No full textTables and figures included: Estimated Volume of Business Contributed to the Ozark Area of Missouri by the Tourist Trade in 1959 --- Distribution of Tourist’s Dollar Spent for Selected Items, as Indicated by Tourist Surveys and Retailers' Opinions, Ozarks, 1959 --- Estimated Expenditures of Tourists Four Recreational Areas [Lake of Ozarks, White River, Central Ozarks, Big Springs], Ozarks, 1948 to 1960, and Projections to 1970 --- Location of Study Area in the Ozarks of Missouri, 1961 --- Nature of Businesses & Characteristics of Operators Catering to Tourists --- Percentage of Change in Median Income from 1949 to 1959 [for all counties in Missouri]
Determining Profitable Use of Fertilizer
No full textExcerpts from the report Introduction: The chief aim of this report is to illustrate procedures for developing yield response curves and related steps involved in determining profitable use of fertilizers. However, considerable interpretive discussion is included. This report is technical and is designed for use of production economists and agronomists. Emphasis is placed on methods and procedures, including preparation of materials, that could be used by extension workers and other agricultural leaders in discussing economic aspects of use of fertilizer with farmers. In addition, suggestions are made as to experimental designs for development of response data that would be particularly useful for purposes of economic interpretation. Profitable use of fertilizers depends on the physical response obtained and on prices of crops and costs of fertilizer. Crop response to all yield-influencing factors and returns per dollar cost from each would need to be taken into account in deciding upon the most profitable combination of all factors. Results from such a field of study would be particularly important to farmers who lack funds to carry each input to the point of its most profitable return. But such a study requires a knowledge of costs and returns from all factors used in producing the crop. Or, looking at the farm as a whole, it involves knowledge of comparative returns from all factors of production when they are devoted to different crop and livestock enterprises. Fertilizer response curves are only one of the keys to such information. Therefore, this report is limited to the problem of the rates and combinations of applied plant nutrients that will give the highest returns with respect to fertilizer
Challenges Faced by Sri Lankan e-Commerce Providers
No full textThis Country Update Note illustrates the perceptions of e-commerce providers in Sri Lanka on the most pressing issues they face when undertaking cross-border trade. The objective is to understand specific barriers they face in e-commerce participation, so that WTO negotiators may address these concerns. The note briefly looks at existing legislation relating to e-commerce in Sri Lanka. It goes on to discuss the concerns raised by e-commerce providers regarding laws, regulations and policies, competition with global companies, and internal and external capacity constraints. Information was gathered through secondary research over the web and surveys and interviews with e-commerce providers
Funding Resilience or Missing the Mark? An Analysis of RRF Allocation and Climate Risk Alignment in Italian Municipalities
No full textNatural hazards are an increasing concern, placing disaster preparedness and mitigation at the forefront of policy agendas. In this context, Italy’s Recovery and Resilience Plan (NRRP) has allocated €3 billion for explicit disaster prevention, with a primary focus on hydrogeological risks such as floods and landslides. This study evaluates the geographical and thematic distribution of resilience-related funding, examining whether financial resources have been effectively targeted toward municipalities with the highest exposure to environmental hazards. Using a clustering classification, we identify substantial disparities in the allocation of resilience funds, revealing that municipalities with relatively low risk levels often receive disproportionately high funding, while high-risk areas remain underfunded. To explore the underlying drivers of this misalignment, we apply a multinomial logit model to assess the socio-economic and geographic determinants of these funding disparities. Our findings indicate that GDP, macro-regional location, and past disaster occurrences significantly influence whether a municipality falls into a misallocated funding cluster. The misalignment between risk exposure and funding allocation raises questions about the criteria used for distributing adaptation investments and highlights the necessity for a more risk-sensitive and equitable approach
Governmental Cost in Agriculture: The Concept and Its Measurement
No full textIn January 1954, the United States Department of Agriculture made public a tabular summary of realized costs of Federal farm programs from 1932 through the fiscal year 1953 (Appendix, table 2). These costs were detailed year by year for each major category of Federal activities related to agriculture, as well as for many specific programs in each category. Since it first appeared, this summary has been revised several times. It has now been brought to date through the fiscal year 1955. The revised form of this summary, which provides the basis for the discussion that follows, appears in the appendix of this report
Impact of national culture in projects involving organizational culture change: Japanese Business Practices
No full textGlobalization exerts a significant impact on project management processes by adding the complexity to operate across borders and in multicultural environments. For that reason, international collaborations require cultural affairs to be at the center of business strategies to avoid conflicts with the host country practices. For instance, Japan has unique business practices compared to most Western countries, and those must be considered in an eventual organizational culture change. The aim was to understand the importance of working the organizational culture in international projects. Therefore, it will describe some peculiarities of Japanese business culture and how they were formed while making a parallel comparison with western business practices. An observational study of the first project of an Alliance between a Japanese multinational automobile manufacturer (JMAM) and a French multinational automobile manufacturer (FMAM) was applied to highlight the contrasts of Japanese and Western business practices. To understand the complexities of culture from different angles, this paper divided the research into different phases, each exploring the different cultural aspects of Japanese and French business practices in the context of the JMAM-FMAM Alliance, using a mix of different theories. The theoretical approach was reinforced with interviews with two high-level executives of the JMAM-FMAM. The study identified disparities between organizational cultural of Japan and France that affected the Alliance in the long term and suggested an alternative solution to help project managers to improve strategies for intercultural collaborations
Nutritional availability and food security in Brazil between 2000 and 2014
No full textFood security, food availability, and agriculture in Brazil are closely linked. In a country that was removed from the hunger map in 2014, considering these variables is extremely important for the development of public policies and the promotion of the food industry. This article aims to analyze the evolution of nutritional availability and food security from 2000 to 2014. To this end, a descriptive study was used, analyzing data from secondary sources of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the National Household Sample Survey conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). The results indicated that nutritional insufficiency decreased during the analyzed period, and the food supply exceeded the average daily needs of Brazilians. Even so, there was an average insufficiency of fourteen kilocalories per person per day. Food security also increased from 2004 to 2013. With all this, the Brazilian population began to have better nutritional/food conditions. It is important to highlight that there is still a degree of insecurity and uncertainty regarding the future, in terms of the sufficiency of factors that promote the good nutritional development of Brazilian individuals