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Comparative analysis of input costs for soybean production in the State of Mato Grosso.
No full textFarmers are seeking greater profitability in their businesses; therefore, managerial analysis of production costs is a fundamental factor for their success. The acquisition of agricultural inputs has a significant impact on the production cost of soybean cultivation. It is necessary for farmers to verify the best payment terms according to their financial situation, thus guaranteeing profitability. To assist in this decision-making process, the objective was to compare four payment methods for agricultural inputs for soybean cultivation in the state of Mato Grosso during the 2014/2015 harvest. The payment methods were: barter transactions, bank financing (free and mandatory resources), and cash payment. Data were collected from averages in the state of Mato Grosso, and consultations were conducted with state retailers for a better understanding and information on barter transactions. Three different scenarios regarding the price of a sack of soybeans at harvest time were analyzed: scenario 1 – R 50.00 sc -1 , and scenario 3 – R 144.99 ha -1 and R 50.00 sc -1 . In situations of high prices (R$ 60.00 sc -1 ), cash payment with mandatory resources were the best options for the producer
Analysis of the economic viability of beef cattle farming in the breeding phase, in the municipality of Itapira-SP.
No full textThe objective was to study the profitability of beef cattle farming in a low-technology, pasture-based production system for Nellore cattle in the Itapira region of São Paulo. The study also aimed to identify the components that had the greatest influence on the effective operational costs of the activity. The activity was evaluated from the 2012 breeding season until April 2014, when the last calves were weaned and sold, a period lasting 18 months. Profitability analysis was performed using Excel spreadsheets, considering gross margin, net margin, and result (profit or loss) as indicators of economic efficiency. The gross and net margins were positive, indicating that the Nellore cattle farming activity in extensive pasture-based production, developed in the analyzed system, has the potential to survive in the short and medium term. The components of the total cost that had the greatest influence on the activity costs were, in descending order, animal acquisition, land remuneration, depreciation, return on invested capital, feed, and animal health
Economic viability of outsourcing or purchasing a vehicle fleet for a mineral fertilizer company.
No full textReducing the operational costs of road vehicle fleets in Brazil, as well as making investments in this area, is extremely important for the competitiveness of companies in the sector. The objective of this study was to perform a comparative data analysis between the costs of a company's own fleet and the option of a third-party fleet, using the Net Present Value (NPV) method, describing the procedures, and analyzing the results to verify which option would generate more profit for the company, with the choice of an own fleet being the most profitable
Costs and feasibility of implementing a grain storage unit in Mato Grosso.
No full textStorage capacity in Brazil, an infrastructure that requires significant investments, has not kept pace with the growth of harvests over the years. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the costs and feasibility of implementing a grain storage unit in the city of Sorriso, Mato Grosso state, in 2017. The unit's sizing considered the maximum harvest capacity of a farm with 1500 hectares available for soybean and corn sowing. Economic viability calculations used parameters such as the internal rate of return, economic break-even point, net present value, and investment payback period. The results obtained for the investment in infrastructure capable of processing the farm's production lead to an estimated cost of approximately R 1,144,042.20 and total annual costs of R 25,090.99 and an internal rate of return of 6.98%, the break-even point was R$ 356,224.72 and the payback period is ten years, showing that the implementation of this project can be an economically and financially viable option
Economic feasibility for implementing a runaway truck ramp.
No full textInvesting in safety to save lives is perfectly aligned with the principles stipulated by United Nations Resolution No. 2/2009. Based on this context, this study aimed to evaluate the economic viability of a runaway truck ramp on a Brazilian highway. The study used real accident data and estimated costs for the implementation/maintenance of this runaway truck ramp. The evaluation was conducted using traditional economic viability analysis indicators, considering a 16-year cash flow. The project proved to be highly satisfactory, as the payback period would be achieved relatively quickly, and the Net Present Value and Internal Rate of Return were positive and high. Furthermore, the B/C ratio was much higher than 1, demonstrating that the proposed project has high economic viability. However, future research should consider possible alternative engineering solutions and, whenever possible, compare them
The role of non-farm income and employment support in farmers’ decisions on crop insurance
No full textPurpose. This paper explores the farmers’ non-farm income (NFI) and individual, combined and differential effects of the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MNREGS) on crop insurance adoption in India under Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY). Methodology / approach. This study uses the nationwide data from the 77th round of survey conducted by the National Sample Survey Office (NSSO) in two different halves of the agricultural year 2018–2019. It uses binary probit regression models where household and farm-related variables are included as control variables in addition to our interest variables. The differential impacts of non-farm income and MNREGS on crop insurance adoption at different income levels and for different farmer categories are also estimated. Results. The empirical results suggest that the households’ total non-farm income, participation in MNREGS and the non-farm income influenced by the MNREGS (MNREGS-led non-farm income) significantly increase crop insurance adoption under PMFBY. The results regarding the differentiated impact of non-farm income show a significant and positive association only for small and other farmers, while MNREGS significantly increases crop insurance adoption among all, i.e., marginal, small and other farmers. The MNREGS-led non-farm income enhances crop insurance at all income levels. The control variables representing farmers’ household-related and agriculture-specific characteristics mostly show the desired results. Originality / scientific novelty. This study primarily contributes to the literature about determinants of crop insurance adoption in India. By analysing the impact of non-farm income and MNREGS on crop insurance adoption under PMFBY, it fills the research gap, as there is little research about the impact of farmers’ non-farm income, while the impact of MNREGS on crop insurance is not explored. Further, its novelty lies in assessing non-farm income and MNREGS’ combined and differentiated impacts on crop insurance adoption at different income levels and farmer categories. Finally, the study updates the knowledge by providing insights using the reliable, latest available nationally representative data. Practical value / implications. The study provides empirical evidence that can be used to enhance crop insurance adoption to extend its benefits to maximum Indian farmers. The findings can serve as the basis for agriculture development planning through livelihood diversification and farm risk management
Conceptual basis of the formation of the competitive potential of the production of organic products
No full textPurpose. The aim is to substantiate, develop and test a methodical approach for assessing the competitive advantages of organic products in order to build and ensure the competitiveness of Ukrainian producers of organic products in domestic and foreign markets. Methodology / approach. The following methods were used: abstract-logical to determine the theoretical basis for the formation of competitive advantages of organic products; graphical to analyse trends in the formation of competitive advantages of enterprises; economic-statistical to characterise the state of the organic products market and identify the features of its development; mathematical modelling to determine the integral indicators of the competitive potential of organic products. The empirical part of the study was carried out using data collected during a survey of Ukrainian organic producers, selected in accordance with specific criteria. Results. A methodical approach to quantitative assessment of competitive advantages of organic products is developed, which includes stages of determining these advantages and the position of the enterprise in the market, as well as developing a strategy to ensure the competitiveness of producers of these products. It is based on determining the cost of production, profitability of production and sales, market share and product quality as the main indicators of competitive advantages. Based on a survey of organic product producers, the competitive environment was determined, and the main prerequisites and obstacles for the development of organic farming in Ukraine were identified. The results of the analysis of the yield, profitability, cost and prices of organic products of domestic producers indicate the presence of competitive advantages. A concept of the advantages of organic products has been developed, which will ensure the competitiveness of domestic organic products on the Ukrainian and global markets. Originality / scientific novelty. For the first time, a concept for the formation of competitive advantages for organic products has been developed, according to which producers of certified organic products operate in an open system characterised by close links between the institutional, socio-economic and natural-resource environments, taking into account the Sustainable Development Goals and the specific features of the country’s European integration development vector. Practical value / implications. The developed methodical approach allows organic producers to identify and assess their competitive advantages in order to improve their competitive status, build competitiveness, and increase economic efficiency. The results of modelling the integrated indicator of the competitive potential of organic producers make it possible to assess the overall level of this potential and its main components, as well as to compare enterprises and use the results of the analysis to identify strengths and weaknesses and areas for improving competitive potential
Potential Markets for Plywood Made from Rocky Mountain Ponderosa Pine and Engelmann Spruce
No full textThis investigation into potential markets for Rocky Mountain ponderosa pine and Engelmann spruce plywood was conducted under a research agreement between the Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, U. S. Forest Service, and the Department of Forest and Wood Sciences at Colorado State University. The overall objectives of the research agreement were to conduct studies and provide reports to establish the following: A. Technical advantages and disadvantages of ponderosa pine and Engelmann spruce plywood in present Rocky Mountain and Midwest markets when compared to plywood of more established species, such as Douglas-fir, the West Coast "whitewoods," and southern pine. B. Present and prospective acceptance of ponderosa pine and Engelmann spruce plywood in Rocky Mountain and Midwest markets. C. Ultimate end uses for which ponderosa pine and Engelmann spruce plywood seem best suited and for which they are likely to command the highest net values
A rotated Dynamic Factor Model for the yield curve: squeezing out information when it matters
No full textThe yield curve is widely regarded as a powerful descriptor of the economy and market expectations. A common approach to its statistical representation relies on a small number of factors summarizing the curve, which can then be used to forecast real economic activity. We argue that optimal factor extraction is crucial for retrieving information when considering an approximate factor model. By introducing a rotation of the model including cointegration, we reduce cross-sectional dependence in the idiosyncratic components. This leads to improved forecasts of key macroeconomic variables during periods of economic and financial instability, both in the US and the euro area
Impacts of Big Game on the Income and Operating Expenses of Private Landowners in the Area of Utah's Deer Herd Unit #19
No full textThe purpose of this project is to study the impact on private landowners of migrating big-game animals and to access the impact on income and operating expenses of private landowners. The results of this study will allow better estimates to be made of benefits, costs, and economic impacts of proposed management actions which change big game animal populations. Partial Contents: Purpose and Objectives of the Study --- Economics of Game and Fish Resources --- Public Resources/Private Land --- Landowners, Sportsmen, and Access --- Free Public Hunting and its Influences on Wildlife Management --- Case Study Discussion --- Seasonal Migrations and Distributions of the Coalville Deer Herd --- Impacts by Big Game Animals on Utah's Private Land --- Impacts Associated with a Change in the Size of the Big Game Herds --- Additional Need for Research --- References --- Literature Review of Competition Between Big Game and Livestock --- Literature Cited --- Appendix I (Case Studies)