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Examining relationships between adverse childhood experiences and coping during the cost-of-living crisis using a national cross-sectional survey in Wales, UK
Get PDFAdverse childhood experiences (ACEs) can affect individuals' resilience to stressors and their vulnerability to mental, physical and social harms. This study explored associations between ACEs, financial coping during the cost-of-living crisis and perceived impacts on health and well-being. National cross-sectional face-to-face survey. Recruitment used a random quota sample of households stratified by health region and deprivation quintile. Households in Wales, UK. 1880 Welsh residents aged ≥18 years. Outcome variables were perceived inability to cope financially during the cost-of-living crisis; rising costs of living causing substantial distress and anxiety; and self-reported negative impact of rising costs of living on mental health, physical health, family relationships, local levels of antisocial behaviour and violence, and community support. Nine ACEs were measured retrospectively. Socioeconomic and demographic variables included low household income, economic inactivity, residential deprivation and activity limitation. The prevalence of all outcomes increased strongly with ACE count. Perceived inability to cope financially during the cost-of-living crisis increased from 14.0% with 0 ACEs to 51.5% with 4+ ACEs. Relationships with ACEs remained after controlling for socioeconomic and demographic factors. Those with 4+ ACEs (vs 0 ACEs) were over three times more likely to perceive they would be unable to cope financially and, correspondingly, almost three times more likely to report substantial distress and anxiety and over three times more likely to report negative impacts on mental health, physical health and family relationships. Socioeconomically deprived populations are recognised to be disproportionately impacted by rising costs of living. Our study identifies a history of ACEs as an additional vulnerability that can affect all socioeconomic groups. Definitions of vulnerability during crises and communications with services on who is most likely to be impacted should consider childhood adversity and history of trauma. [Abstract copyright: © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.
Hamlet, a genre-bending revenge tragedy?
Get PDFThis article concentrates on an early, but strategic scene in Shakespeare’s celebrated tragedy in which the audience is introduced to the court world of Elsinore and to the protagonist himself. Particular attention is paid to the ways in which Shakespeare’s innovative text tests early modern expectations of revenge tragedy as well as incorporating those associated with rhetoric and pedagogy in the period. The article ends demonstrating the international political emphasis of this scene as well as the unexpected continuities in self-representation between the leading male figures onstage.<br/
Modulation Format Identification Based on Multi-Dimensional Amplitude Features for Elastic Optical Networks
Get PDFA modulation format identification (MFI) scheme based on multi-dimensional amplitude features is proposed for elastic optical networks. According to the multi-dimensional amplitude features, incoming polarization division multiplexed (PDM) signals can be identified as QPSK, 8QAM, 16QAM, 32QAM, 64QAM and 128QAM signals using the k-nearest neighbors (KNNs) algorithm in the digital coherent receivers. The proposed scheme does not require any prior training or optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) information. The performance of the proposed MFI scheme is verified based on numerical simulations with 28GBaud PDM-QPSK/-8QAM/-16QAM/-32QAM/-64QAM/-128QAM signals. The results show that the proposed scheme can achieve 100% of the correct MFI rate for all six modulation formats when the OSNR values are greater than their thresholds corresponding to the 20% forward error correction (FEC) related to a BER of 2.4 × 10−2. Meanwhile, the effects of residual chromatic dispersion, polarization mode dispersion and fiber nonlinearities on the proposed scheme are also explored. Finally, the computational complexity of the proposed scheme is analyzed, which is compared with relevant MFI schemes. The work indicates that the proposed technique could be regarded as a good candidate for identifying modulation formats up to 128QAM
Vocalise #2 (Vlatva)
No full textCyfansoddiad lleisiol ar gyfer côr cymysg, yn llunio yr ail ddarn o fewn y gyfres Tri Darn LleisiolComposition for mixed choir, forming the second piece in the suite Three Vocalis
Social Prescribing: an inadequate response to the degradation of social care in mental health
Get PDFSocial prescribing is poorly defined and there is little evidence for its effectiveness. It cannot address the social determinants of mental health and it is unlikely to produce enduring change for that part of the population that suffers the worst physical and mental health, namely the most deprived and marginalised. It has emerged at a time of growing health inequity. This has occurred alongside the neglect of social care and of the social aspects of mental health intervention. Social prescribing gives a false impression of addressing social factors, and as such is counterproductive. We can do better than this
Editing the Morte Darthur, Making Malory: Canonisation, Authorial Identity, and Editorial Influence
Get PDFReflections in Soil: Multi-element analysis of later prehistoric and early historic house floors in Britian
No full textElective surgery, waiting lists , and the COVID-19 Pandemic. Studies from the Australian health system
Get PDFThe hidden influence:Exploring presence in human-synthetic interactions through ghostbots
Get PDFPresence is a palpable sense of space, things and others that overlaps with matters of meaning, yet is not reducible to it:it is a dimension of things that hides in plain sight. This paper is motivated by observations that (1) presence is underappreciated in questions of modern and nascent human-synthetic agent interaction, and (2) that presence matters because it affects and moves us. The paper’s goal is to articulate a multi-faceted understanding of presence, and why it matters, so the importance of presence may be readily understood by those who regulate media, digital and artificial intelligence (AI) industries. Novel forms of presence raise all sorts of questions of what it means to live with new forms of presences. Some of these are highly positive and others are resistant to simplistic moral diagnosis, a point explored through extended consideration of ‘thanatechnology’ and ‘ghostbots’. To clarify and foreground presence, this paper draws on continentalphilosophy and technologist ideas about presence to understand the significance and parameters of presence. It then puts these to work by considering a range of existing and emerging human-synthetic agent interactions, arguing that that presence is an underappreciated yet crucial factor in human-synthetic interactions, particularly involving AI and ghostbots.The paper concludes with points of focus for organisations charged with media, data protection and AI governance regarding facets of presence-based characteristics for emergent human-synthetic interaction. Foremost is consideration of open standards for a presence-based afterlife and suggestion of a temporal firewall, or a break of time before resurrection, to prevent harm to those who have recently lost someone