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Bioremediation of Trifluralin via macroplastics in freshwater ecosystems compared to soil ecosystems
Get PDFThe Lexico-Grammatical Argument Structure Patterns of Ditransitive Verbs in North Atlantic and South Asian Varieties of English: A Corpus Based Analysis
Get PDFPreventive and creative approaches to social work practice: Understanding and responding to the needs of families with children with disabilities and additional needs
Get PDFTo address the gap in preventative support, the aim of the FDW role is to offer support for parents and cares of children with disabilities and additional needs, who do not meet the criteria to access services through the children with disabilities social work team. This Welsh evaluation included a survey for professionals (n=23) and parents/carers (n=5) to explore their attitudes on the new Family Disability Worker (FDW) role. Following this, a series of semi-structured interviews were completed to gather the experiences of professionals (n=23) and parents/carers (n=3) of working with the FDW. The findings suggest the development of preventative social work practice to reduce isolation and support these families to feel connected to their community. The participants shared attitudes and experiences supporting the development of the FDW role, to enhance and develop creative and strength-based approaches to social work practice operationalised through a new FDW practice toolkit. <br/
Scrutiny of Police Institutions and the Spectre of Culture
Get PDFIn this paper, we revisit the concept of police culture and its explanatory value in understanding recent scandals that have rocked policing in England and Wales. The focus will be on the concerns around the prevalence of sexism and Violence Against Women and Girls (VAWG) within policing and we explore whether an increase in the diversity of police officers has pushed aspects of police culture into specific specialist and less visible areas of policing. We suggest that any attempts at substantive police reform need to consider radical organisational and structural change, including a new narrative for British policing. Such a new narrative needs political and social support, and will require wider engagement beyond internally focused police discussions
Co-located ecological data for exploring top- and subsoil carbon dynamics across grassland-woodland contrasts
Get PDFSoil organic carbon (SOC) is a soil health indicator and understanding dynamics changing SOC stocks will help achieving net zero goals. Here we present four datasets featuring 11,750 data points covering co-located aboveground and below-ground metrics for exploring ecosystem SOC dynamics. Five sites across England with an established land use contrast, grassland and woodland next to each other, were rigorously sampled for aboveground (n = 109), surface (n = 33 soil water release curves), topsoil, and subsoil metrics. Commonly measured soil metrics were analysed in five soil increments for 0–1 metre (n = 4550). Less commonly measured soil metrics which were assumed to change across the soil profile were measured on a subset of samples only (n = 3762). Additionally, we developed a simple method for soil organic matter fractionation using density fractionation which is part of the less common metrics. Finally, soil metrics which may impact SOC dynamics, but with less confidence as to their importance across the soil profile were only measured on topsoil (~5–15 cm = mineral soil) and subsoil (below 50 cm) samples (n = 2567)
200 Gb/s/ λ Bidirectional Coherent PON Solutions Demonstrated over Field Installed Fiber
Get PDFWe demonstrate 200 Gb/s bidirectional coherent PON solutions using a simplified optical network unit (ONU) over 19 km of field-installed fiber. The ONU receiver is a single-polarization heterodyne detector with either a balanced or a single-ended photodetector and the transmitter is based on dual-polarization electro-absorption modulated laser (EML). The optical line terminal (OLT) uses standard dual-polarization coherent transceivers. The downstream solutions achieve 37 dB and 30.5 dB power budget for the receiver with balanced and single-ended photodiodes, respectively. For the upstream, two line rates have been investigated: 200 Gb/s/λ for symmetrical transmission and 100 Gb/s/λ for asymmetric transmission achieving a power budget of 30.1 dB and 40.9 dB respectively
Developing CAMELOT for assessing methodological limitations of qualitative research for inclusion in qualitative evidence syntheses
Get PDFIntroductionQualitative evidence is increasingly incorporated into decision-making processes. Assessing the methodological limitations of primary studies is critical to making an overall assessment of confidence in findings from qualitative evidence syntheses (QES) using GRADE-CERQual. Current critical appraisal tools were not developed specifically for use in Cochrane reviews or GRADE-CERQual, and few are evidence-based. The aim of CochrAne qualitative Methodological LimitatiOns Tool (CAMELOT) was to address this gap.MethodsWe undertook this project in four stages: (1) systematic literature search to identify existing tools, (2) identification of evidence to support inclusion of potential CAMELOT domains (3) consensus survey to agree on the inclusion and definition of CAMELOT domains, and (4) human-centered design approach to develop and refine CAMELOT by exploring user experience.ResultsCAMELOT is a new evidence-based tool for assessing the methodological strengths and limitations of primary qualitative research studies in a QES. CAMELOT is comprised of 12 domains: four Meta domains that encourage review authors to consider those characteristics of the primary study that are beyond how the study was carried out, but which inform the conduct and design of the study, and eight Method domains which encourage review authors to consider how the study was designed, planned and/or conducted, and how study conduct and design fits with the information provided in the four meta domains. Review authors make an assessment by identifying any concerns regarding the methods used in the study and considering the appropriateness of fit between the Meta and Method domains.ConclusionCAMELOT provides review authors with a transparent and systematic method to assess methodological limitations of primary qualitative studies. CAMELOT incorporates qualitative principles and focuses on appropriateness of fit between Meta and Method domains. In line with iterative tool development approach, CAMELOT will continue to be revised over time following extensive user testing and piloting