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The usage of class musical instruments in reproductive and creative musical activities
No full textU Hrvatskoj je, kao i u ostalim europskim zemljama, nastava glazbe obavezna u osnovnim općeobrazovnim školama. U Hrvatskoj je to predmet pod nazivom „Glazbena kultura“, dok se u drugim zemljama često naziva jednostavno „Glazba“. Ovaj predmet ima potencijal potaknuti kreativnost, stvaralaštvo i izražavanje osjećaja kod učenika, posebice uz iskusnog i angažiranog učitelja, koji može pomoći učenicima u stvaranju pozitivne slike o sebi. Važno je napomenuti da reprodukcija i stvaralaštvo u glazbi predstavljaju dva različita, ali iznimno važna aspekta djetetovog glazbenog razvoja. Reprodukcija glazbenih aktivnosti omogućuje učenicima da na svoj način interpretiraju već postojeće skladbe ili pjesme. S druge strane, glazbeno stvaralaštvo omogućuje učenicima da izraze svoje osobne osjećaje i misli kroz glazbu. Nažalost, u nekim školama učenici nemaju dovoljno prilika pokazati svoje potencijale, budući da se često stavlja veći naglasak na reprodukciju umjesto na poticanje kreativnosti. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je usporediti kurikulume iz različitih europskih zemalja u području glazbene kulture, s posebnim naglaskom na korištenje razrednih glazbala u reproduktivnim i stvaralačkim glazbenim aktivnostima. Istraživanje je pokazalo da je uporaba razrednih glazbala u reprodukciji dominantnija u hrvatskom i irskom kurikulumu, dok se veći naglasak na stvaralačkim glazbenim aktivnostima bilježi u kurikulumima Crne Gore, Engleske i Slovenije.In Croatia, as in other European countries, music education is mandatory in primary general education schools. In Croatia, this subject is called "Music Culture," while in other countries, it is often simply referred to as "Music." This subject has the potential to stimulate creativity, artistic expression, and the communication of emotions among students, especially with an experienced and dedicated teacher who can help students create a positive self-image. It is important to note that reproduction and creativity in music represent two different but highly significant aspects of a child's musical development. Reproduction of musical activities enables students to interpret existing compositions or songs in their own way. On the other hand, musical creativity allows students to express their personal feelings and thoughts through music. Unfortunately, in some schools, students do not have enough opportunities to showcase their potential, as there is often a greater emphasis on reproduction rather than fostering creativity. The aim of this research was to compare school curricula from various European countries in the field of music education, with a specific focus on the use of classroom musical instruments in reproductive and creative musical activities. The research has shown that the use of classroom musical instruments in reproduction is more dominant in the Croatian and Irish curricula, while a greater emphasis on creative musical activities is observed in the curricula of Montenegro, England, and Slovenia
Speech of Vođinci
No full textPrava vrijednost je očuvanje tradicije, kulturne baštine a posebno zavičajnog govora. Hrvatski jezik dijeli se na tri narječja: štokavsko, čakavsko i kajkavsko. Svaki od tih dijalekata se još dijeli na poddijalekte. U ovom istraživanju, bavit ćemo se govorom sela Vođinaca, koji spada pod slavonski ili šokački dijalekt. Svrha ovoga istraživanja je analizirati njegove morfološke, fonološke i leksičke odrednice, te ga možemo uvrstiti u posavski poddijalekt. Osim zvučnih zapisa, analiza se temelji i na prethodno proučavanim rezultatima, osobito Stjepana Ivšića te Božidara Finke i Antuna Šojata.The real value is the preservation of tradition, cultural heritage, and especially the native language. The Croatian language is divided into three dialects: Shtokavian, Chakavian and Kajkavian. Each of these dialects is further divided into sub-dialects. In this research, we will deal with the speech of the Vođinci village, which belongs to the Slavonic or Shokak dialect. The purpose of this research is to analyze its morphological, phonological and lexical determinants, and we can include it in the Posavina subdialect. In addition to sound recordings, the analysis is also based on previously studied results, especially those of Stjepan Ivšić and Božidar Finka and Antun Šojat
Media and Psychological Approach to Hans Christian Andersen's "The Snow Queen"
No full textThis thesis focuses on psychological elements present in the fairy tale “The Snow Queen” by H. C. Andersen. This research presents the analysis of the archetypal structure of the fairy tale. Previous psychological analyses and approaches that have been used to study this fairy tale and its characters will be examined, while also exploring the significance of this work today through the study of the characteristics of ”The Snow Queen” that appear in its literary and media adaptations, and how those elements are transmitted and mediated. The analysis includes the symbolic and archetypal elements that appear in the fairy tale and its adaptations and how they contribute to the importance and status of this work. “The Snow Queen” has remained popular among children and adults since its first publication in 1844 until today. The aim of this research is to determine the importance and significance of the fairy tale “The Snow Queen” by H. C. Andersen throughout history and in the modern age. The analysis of the fairy tale reveals that its characters and plot have an exceptional significance for literature, which is evident in how they are perpetuated and adapted, owing to the story’s underlying uniqueness and complexity and the instructive and beautiful message it carries.Ovaj istraživački rad usmjeren je na temu psiholoških elemenata prisutnih u bajci „Snježna kraljica“ autora H. C. Andersena. U radu će biti detaljno objašnjeni osnovni elementi bajke, njezina struktura, definicije i različiti pristupi njezinoj analizi. Proučit će se prethodne analize i pristupi koji su se koristili za proučavanje ove bajke i njezinih likova. Nadalje će se analizirati medijska rasprostranjenost bajke i njezina važnost u suvremenoj dječjoj književnosti i kulturi. Također će se istražiti značaj ovoga djela danas kroz proučavanje karakteristika bajke koje se javljaju u njezinim književnim i medijskim adaptacijama te na koji način se one prenose. Zatim će se analizirati simbolički i arhetipski elementi koji se pojavljuju u samoj bajci i njezinim adaptacijama te proučiti na koji način oni pridonose važnosti i statusu ovog djela. „Snježna kraljica“ ostala je iznimno popularna među djecom i odraslima od njenog prvog objavljivanja pa sve do danas. Na temelju provedene analize bajke, zaključujemo da njezini likovi i radnja imaju izuzetan značaj za književnost, jer bajka i dalje ostaje popularna unatoč prolasku vremena, zahvaljujući svojoj složenosti, jedinstvenosti i poučnoj te prekrasnoj poruci koju nosi
Linguistic and stylistic features of problem picture books intended for children of early and preschool age
No full textSlikovnica je prva i najvažnija knjiga u djetetovom životu. Kroz slikovnicu dijete stječe navike i sposobnosti koje će mu kasnije trebati za govorenje, čitanje i pisanje. Iz toga razloga važno je pomno birati koje ćemo slikovnice odabrati za dijete. U današnje vrijeme roditelji i odgojitelji sve češće posežu za problemskim i edukativnim slikovnicama kako bi djetetu pomogli pri shvaćanju i prihvaćanju života oko sebe. Čitajući djeci aktivno utječemo na njihov kognitivni, socijalni i emocionalni razvoj. U ovom radu ukratko je opisana definicija slikovnice, njena povijest, vrste i funkcije. Objašnjen je pojam problemske slikovnice, što ona zapravo jest i čemu služi. Naglašava se uloga slikovnice u djetetovom cjelokupnom razvoju. U radu su navedeni funkcionalni stilovi hrvatskoga jezika te stilska i gramatička obilježja koja se najčešće koriste u slikovnicama. Za potrebe ovoga rada odabrane su četiri problemske slikovnice autorice Trace Moroney koje su analizirane te sažeto opisane.A picture book is the first and most important book in a child's life. Through the picture book, the child acquires habits and abilities that he will later need for speaking, reading and writing. For this reason, it is important to carefully choose which picture books to choose for the child. Nowadays, parents and educators increasingly turn to problem and educational picture books to help their children understand and accept the life around them. By reading to children, we actively influence their cognitive, social and emotional development. This work briefly describes the definition of a picture book, its history, types and functions. The concept of a problem picture book is explained, what it actually is and what it is for. The role of the picture book in the child's overall development is emphasized. Functional styles of the Croatian language and stylistic and grammatical features that are most often used in picture books are listed in the paper. For the purposes of this work, four problematic picture books by the author Trace Moroney were selected, which were analyzed and briefly described
Speech games in kindergarten
No full textVeliku ulogu u razvoju govornih sposobnosti ima rano poticanje pravilnog izgovora kod djece. Pri tome je važno utjecati na razvoj govornih sposobnosti na njima zanimljiv način – kroz igru. U nastavku rada će se opisati razvoj govora kod djeteta. Na temelju relevantne literature navedene su definicije govora od različitih stručnjaka. Tijekom djetetova odrastanja mogući su poremećaji u govoru, a uzroci su navedeni u nastavku. Nadalje je definirana najvažnija aktivnost svakog djeteta – igra. Nabrojane su njezine karakteristike, pozitivni učinci i slično. Na kraju rada navedeni su i opisani primjeri dobre prakse, različite pjesme i igre za razvoj govora kod djece rane i predškolske dobi.Early encouragement of correct pronunciation in children plays a big role in the development of speaking skills. In doing so, it is important to influence the development of speaking skills in an interesting way for them - through play. In the continuation of the paper, the development of the child's speech will be described. Based on the relevant literature, definitions of speech from different experts are listed. During the child's growth, speech disorders are possible, and the causes are listed below. Furthermore, the most important activity of every child is defined - play. Its characteristics, positive effects, etc. are enumerated. At the end of the paper, examples of good practice, various songs, and games for the development of speech in children of early and preschool age are listed and described
Education in early and preschool education and education according to the model C in the Republic of Croatia
No full textU radu se donosi prikaz razvoja Ranoga i predškolskog odgoja u Republici Hrvatskoj od prvih početaka pa do danas. Kroz povijesni razvoj ustanova koje su se bavile djecom predškolskog uzrasta vidljive su promjene koje su se događale u vrtićima, njihovo osnivanje, financiranje i odnos prema djetetu. Prikazani su zakoni kojima se uređuju predškolski odgoj i dječji vrtići. U skladu s razvojem sustava predškolskog odgoja razvio se i segment odgoja i obrazovanja na jeziku i pismu nacionalnih manjina. Središnji dio ovog rada govori o pripadnicima nacionalnih manjina u Republici Hrvatskoj koji ustavno pravo na odgoj i obrazovanje ostvaruju trima osnovnim modelima: model A nastava na jeziku i pismu nacionalnih manjina, model B dvojezična nastava, model C njegovanje jezika i kulture, i posebnim oblicima školovanja u redovitom odgojno-obrazovnom sustavu Republike Hrvatske. Analiza hrvatskog obrazovnog sustava i Izvješća o provođenju Ustavnog zakona o pravima nacionalnih manjina od predškolskog odgoja pa do srednjoškolske razine obrazovanja nacionalnih manjina prema navedenim modelima prikazuje današnju realnost obrazovanja nacionalnih manjina u Republici Hrvatskoj. Model C najzastupljeniji je i za njega postoji najveća zainteresiranost polaznika gdje se nastava izvodi na hrvatskom jeziku, ali tjedno se odvaja dva do pet školskih sati za učenje i njegovanje jezika i književnosti nacionalne manjine, istraživanje i učenja povijesti i geografije te same kulture nacionalne manjine. Slijedi i osvrt na obrazovne sustave nacionalnih manjina u susjednim državama, kao i članicama Europske unije.This work brings up the overview of the development of early and preschool education in the Republic of Croatia from its beginnings up to nowadays. Throughout their historical development, the institutions dealing with preschool children development underwent significant changes regarding nursery foundations, their funding and approach towards children. There is a representation of legislation on preschool upbringing and nursery settings. In accordance with the development of a preschool education system, a special segment of upbringing and education in national minority languages and using their alphabet, was developed. The main part of this work talks about national minorities in the Republic of Croatia who achieve their constitutional right on preschool upbringing and education in three basic ways: Model A: education using national minorities’ languages and alphabet; model B: bilingual education and model C: nurturing language and culture and special educational forms within the regular educational system of the Republic of Croatia. The analysis of Croatian education system and the Report on the implementation of Constitutional Law on the national minorities rights on education, starting from preschool up to secondary education, according to the above mentioned models, represent the realistic picture of the national minorities education system in the Republic of Croatia. Model C is the most common and there is the greatest interest for it. The lectures are carried out in the Croatian language, but there are two to five lessons a week for studying and nurturing language and literature of the national minorities, research and studies of their history and geography, as well as the culture of national minorities. Afterwards, there is a review of national minorities education systems in neighbouring countries as well as in the members of the European Union
Stylistic-Compositional Exercises in the Croatian Language Textbook for the 3rd Grade of Primary School
No full textOvaj diplomski rad prikazat će stilsko-kompozicijske govorne vježbe u udžbenicima za treći razred osnovne škole hrvatskoga jezika. Analizirani su udžbenici: Zlatna vrata 3, Svijet riječi 3 i Trag u priči 3. U teorijskom dijelu rada opisane su govorne vježbe, vrste govornih vježbi s posebnim osvrtom na stilsko-kompozicijske govorne vježbe. Praktični dio rada donosi analizu zastupljenosti stilsko-kompozicijskih govornih vježbi u udžbenicima hrvatskog jezika za treći razred osnovne škole.This graduation thesis will present stylistic-compositional speech exercises in Croatian language textbooks for the third grade of elementary school. The following textbooks were analyzed: 'Zlatna vrata 3,' 'Svijet riječi 3,' and 'Trag u priči 3.' In the theoretical part of the paper, speech exercises are described, with a special emphasis on the types of speech exercises, particularly stylistic-compositional speech exercises. The practical part of the paper provides an analysis of the representation of stylistic-compositional speech exercises in Croatian language textbooks for the third grade of elementary school
Encouraging social environment of kindergartens
No full textDječji vrtić je ustanova u kojoj djeca provode velik dio svog djetinjstva i prvo socijalno okruženje u kojem stupaju u razne socijalne interakcije izvan obiteljskog okruženja. Uz odgojitelje, značajnu ulogu u razvoju socijalne kompetencije imaju vršnjaci. U odnosu s vršnjacima dijete proširuje svoja znanja, uči komunicirati i surađivati s drugima te stvarati prijateljstva. Kako bi interakcije među djecom bile što kvalitetnije, potrebno je osigurati poticajno socijalno okruženje koje se temelji na uzajamnom poštovanju i recipročnoj komunikaciji svih sudionika u odgojno-obrazovnom procesu. Cilj ovog rada bio je saznati socijalni status djece, položaj djeteta u socijalnoj mreži skupine i odrediti dinamiku skupine za što je korišten sociometrijski upitnik. Sudionici istraživanja su djeca u dobi od 4 do 5 godina. Iz dobivenih rezultata vidljivo je da su u promatranoj skupini u kategoriji prosječan djevojčice zastupljenije od dječaka, dok u kategorije kontroverzan i odbačen ne pripada ni jedna djevojčica, a pripadaju ukupno četiri dječaka. Tijekom igre su zastupljene dijade i igra u manjim grupama. Dobiveni rezultati mogu pomoći odgojiteljima u kreiranju poticajnih socijalnih situacija kako bi djeca imala priliku uvježbavati i dodatno nadograđivati svoje socijalne vještine.Kindergarten is an institution where children spend a large part of their childhood and the first social environment where they can enter into various social interactions without the support of their families. Along with educators, peers play a significant role in child's social development. In relations with peers, child expands its knowledge, learns to communicate and cooperate with others and creates friendships. In order for the interactions between children to be as high quality as possible, it is necessary to ensure a stimulating social environment based on mutual respect and reciprocal communication of all participants in the educational process. The objective of this paper was to determine the child's social status, find out the position of the child in the social network of the group and to determine the dynamics of the group, for which a sociometric quesstionaire was used. The research was conducted in the group of children aged 4 to 5 years old. From the obtained results, it is apperent that in the observed group, in the average category, girls were more represented than boys, while not a single girl belongs to the controversial and rejected categories. The game usually takes place in dyads and smaller groups of children. The obtained results can help educators in creating stimulating social situations do that the children have an opportunity to practice and further develop their social skills
Language games for preschool children
No full textGovor je primarni način komunikacije s drugim ljudima. On se razvija od djetetovog rođenja pa sve nadalje. U početku se govor očituje kao krik, ispuštanje samoglasnika, brbljanje, izgovaranje prvih riječi i na kraju slaganje rečenica. U stalnoj interakciji s drugim ljudima iz okoline, on se poboljšava i nadograđuje. S obzirom da djeca najviše toga pamte kada su mala, neophodno je osigurati stimulirajuću okolinu koja će poticati djetetov razvoj. Obitelj je ta koja najviše vremena provodi s djecom, ali isto tako i odgojitelji. Roditelji koji su primorani raditi, djeca već od najranije dobi pohađaju vrtić i s odgojiteljima provode dosta vremena. Odgojitelji su dužni kvalitetno organizirati prostorno-materijalno okruženje u kojemu će djeca nesmetano istraživati i stvarati interakciju s vršnjacima. Zdravi socio-emocionalni odnosi odgojitelja i djece doprinijet će bržem i lakšem usvajanju pravilnog govorno-jezičnog razvoj. Samorefleksija se treba provoditi kako bi odgojitelji uvidjeli kakvu poruku i primjer govora šalju djeci. Nadalje, opisane su jezične igre, njihova uloga, utjecaj i važnost. Opće je poznato da je igra najvažnija aktivnost u djetetovom životu i da je to primarni izvor znanja, učenja i razvijanja. Jezične igre za dijete predstavljaju poticaj i motivaciju za čitanje i pisanje koje je neophodno naučiti. Na temelju relevantne literature istraženo je kakav utjecaj imaju jezične igre na djecu te su neke od njih nabrojane i opisane u daljnjem radu.Speech is the primary way to communicate with other people. It has evolved since the birth of the child and beyond. Initially speaking like vote, omission of loudspeakers, shooting, pronouncement of first words and finally agreeing the sentences. In constant interaction with other people from the surroundings, it is being improved and upgraded. Given that children remember most when they are small, it is essential to provide a stimulating environment that will encourage the child’s development. Family spends the most time with the children, but also the educators. Parents who are forced to work, children attend kindergarten from an early age and spend a lot of time with educators. Educators have a duty to organise a well-placed physical environment in which children can explore and interact with their peers without hindrance. Healthy socio-emotional relationships between educators and children will contribute to faster and easier adoption of correct spoken-linguistic development. Self-reflection should be carried out for educators to see what message and speech they send to children. Furthermore, language games, their role, influence and importance are described. It is widely recognised that playing is the most important activity in a child’s life and is a primary source of knowledge, learning and development. Language games for a child are an incentive and motivation for reading and writing that it is essential to learn. On the basis of the relevant literature, the impact of language games on children was explored and some of them were listed and described in further work
Water - a condition of life
No full textU ovom diplomskom radu prikazan je, uz važnost vode za život svih živih bića, način prenošenja i proširivanja spoznaja djece predškolske dobi o važnosti vode. Živi organizmi međusobno se razlikuju, ali im je zajednička potreba za vodom. Ona je temeljni uvjet njihovog opstanka. Jedan od osnovnih životnih uvjeta - voda - nastaje fuzijom dvaju atoma vodika s jednim atomom kisika, što rezultira molekulom vode. Veza koja postoji između vodika i kisika značajna je jer proizvodi važne varijacije u njihovom rasporedu. Podrijetlo života može se pratiti unazad do kapi vode, što naglašava ključnu ulogu tog prirodnog resursa. Nadalje, oko velikih rijeka nastajale su prve civilizacije. To ukazuje da je voda igrala ključnu ulogu u ljudskoj povijesti. Čineći život mogućim, voda je ključni element na Zemlji koji prekriva veliku većinu njezine površine i daje joj posebnu titulu „plavog planeta“. U radu su prikazana svojstva vode i njezine karakteristike, važnost vode za žive organizme, rasprostranjenost vode te aktivnosti s vodom u dječjem vrtiću. Jedan od važnih ciljeva održivog razvoja je naučiti djecu kako nedostatak vode utječe na živote ljudi i okoliš. Učeći o rješenjima problema s nedostatkom vode, djeca će moći razumjeti važnost očuvanja vodnih resursa i poduzimanja radnji za njihovu zaštitu. Podučavanje djece o važnosti vode može im pomoći u razumijevanju važnosti vode i potrebu za njezinim očuvanjem.This paper explores, along with the importance of water for the life of all living beings, the methods of transferring and expanding preschool children’s knowledge about the importance of water. Despite the fact that all living organisms differ from each other, what they have in common is their need for water. Water is a fundamental condition for their survival – it is formed by joining two hydrogen atoms with an oxygen atom, which ultimately results in a water molecule. This bond between hydrogen and oxygen is crucial since it produces important variations in their arrangement. The origins of life can be traced back to a drop of water, which emphasises the significance of this natural resource. The first civilisations emerged near great rivers; this further indicates that water has indeed played a huge role in the history of mankind. Water makes life possible – it is a key element on Earth; it covers the vast majority of the Earth’s surface, thus naming it the Blue Planet. The areas that are going to be explored in this paper are: the properties of water, its distribution and importance for living organisms, as well as the kindergarten activities involving water. One of the important goals of sustainable development is to teach children how the lack of water affects people’s lives and the environment. By learning about solutions to water scarcity problems, children will be able to understand the importance of conserving water resources, and to take measures to protect them. Teaching children about the importance of water can help them understand the importance of water and the need to conserve it