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Evaluation of kindergarten project activities with regard to the integrated approach of dealing with subject matter
No full textDijete je cjelovito biće, koje se razvija i stvara, uči vlastitim iskustvom i na temelju toga stječe znanja važna za život. Upravo zato dječji vrtić, kao mjesto u kojem dijete boravi veliki dio dana, dužan je ponuditi mu bogatstvo materijala, iskustava, pratiti njegove želje i interese te svoj pristup temeljiti na unaprjeđenju svih područja njegovog razvoja. Jedan od pristupa koji uključuje sve te elemente jest rad na projektu. Projekt sam po sebi podrazumijeva integriranost. Pojam integriranosti odnosi se na spajanje različitih područja učenja kako bi se djeci omogućilo što bogatije iskustvo i kvalitetnije učenje na temelju istog. Cilj rada bio je analizirati kvalitetu provedenih projekata u vrtiću i evaluirati aktivnosti s obzirom na integrirani pristup projektnih tema. Svrha rada je, na temelju analize projekata, pružiti uvid u pozitivne učinke ovakvog pristupa na sveukupni razvoj djece u smislu njihovih intelektualnih, motoričkih, socijalno-emocionalnih, govornih i perceptivnih sposobnosti u vrtićkom okruženju. Primijenjena je metoda analize sadržaja kojom se utvrđivala kvaliteta aktivnosti projekta. Dobiveni rezultati ukazuju da su sve aktivnosti, iako su prvobitno definirane kao usmjerene na jedno područje razvoja, usporedno s time integrirale i druga područja razvoja. Osim toga, evaluacijom aktivnosti prema određenim parametrima utvrđeno je da su se neki projekti mogli dodatno unaprijediti uključivanjem lokalne zajednice kao i provođenjem samih aktivnosti na otvorenom kako bi i kvaliteta života djeteta, ali i iskustvo koje dobiva iz projekta bilo na još višem nivou.A child is a complete being that develops, creates, and learns through its own experience, thus acquiring knowledge important for life. That is why a kindergarten, as a place where a child spends a large part of the day, is obliged to offer children a plethora of materials and experiences, follow their wishes and interests, and base its approach on the improvement of all areas of children's development. One of the approaches that includes all these elements is working on a project. The project itself implies integration. The concept of integration refers to combining different learning areas in order to provide children with the most extensive experience possible and a higher-quality learning based on it. The aim of this paper was to analyze the quality of the projects implemented in the kindergarten and to evaluate the activities regarding the integrated approach to the project topics. Based on project analysis the purpose of the work, is to provide an insight into the positive effects of this approach to the overall development of children in a kindergarten environment. The content analysis method was used to determine the quality of the project's activities. The results obtained indicate that all activities, although initially defined as focused on one area of development, simultaneously integrated other areas of development. In addition, by evaluating the activities according to certain parameters, it was determined that some projects could be further improved by involving the local community and by doing these activities outdoors, so that the child's quality of life, as well as the experience it gains from the project, would be raised at an even higher level
The elements of gymnastics in physical education instruction in lower primary school
No full textJedna od bitnih nastavnih cjelina Tjelesne i zdravstvene kulture je sportska gimnastika koja je odlična baza za bavljenjem bilo kojim sportom, i upravo zbog toga treba imati veću zastupljenost u nastavi. Sportska gimnastika predstavlja tjelesnu aktivnost koja kombinira snagu, fleksibilnost, brzinu i ravnotežu te predstavlja temelj svih sportova. Sadržaji sportske gimnastike se primjenjuju u nastavi Tjelesne i zdravstvene kulture s ciljem razvoja motoričkih i funkcionalnih sposobnosti te pozitivnog utjecaja na rast i razvoj djece. U ovom radu ćemo prikazati korijene sportske gimnastike, analizirati utjecaj sportske gimnastike na djecu mlađe školske dobi unutar odgojno-obrazovnog sustava, opisati pojedine elemente sportske gimnastike koji se izvode u razrednoj nastavi te predložiti nove elemente sportske gimnastike koji bi djeci bila zanimljiva, a ujedno i jako korisna za njihov rast i razvoj.One of the important teaching units in Physical education is artistic gymnastics, which serves as an excellent foundation for engaging in any sport, and therefore, it should have a more prominent presence in the curriculum. Artistic gymnastics represents a physical activity that combines strength, flexibility, speed, and balance, forming the basis for all sports. The elements of artistic gymnastics are applied in Physical education classes with the aim of developing motor and functional abilities, as well as positively influencing the growth and development of children. In this paper, we will present the origins of artistic gymnastics, analyze its impact on children in primary education within the educational system, describe specific elements of artistic gymnastics performed in classroom instruction, and propose new elements of artistic gymnastics that would be both interesting and highly beneficial for children's growth and development
Use of Color in the Movie
No full textFilm je umjetnost namijenjena publici, a boja je jedna od najrealističnijih sastavnica filma te će se u ovom radu provesti analiza boje u filmu „Sonja i bik“. Cilj je ovog diplomskog rada predstaviti povijesni pregled upotrebe boje u filmu i analizirati boje u filmu „Sonja i bik“. Film je sredstvo komuniciranja s gledateljem, umjetnost koja je vezana uz tehnički razvoj bez kojeg filma ne bi ni bilo. Nastao je 1890-ih godina, a otkriće se može pripisati velikom broju ljudi jer je za svaki dio filmskoga djela zaslužan netko drugi. Izražajna sredstva daju filmu ljepotu te ga zbog njih možemo nazvati univerzalnom umjetnošću. U radu je jasnije definiran nastanak filma kroz povijest čovječanstva te pojedina izražajna sredstva filma. Boja u filmu istražuje se od samog nastanka, ali je ipak bilo potrebno mnogo godina kako bi ta ideja zaživjela. Boja u filmu ostavlja dojam na gledatelja, stoga je redatelji pomno odabiru s obzirom na njeno značenje. Analizom boje u filmu „Sonja i bik“ vidimo kako se redateljica Vlatka Vorkapić služila bojama, ponajviše crvenom, kako bi dočarala publici unutarnje osjećaje glumaca.Film is an art form intended for the audience, and color is one of the most realistic components of cinema. This paper conducts an analysis of color in the movie 'Sonja and the Bull' and aims to provide a historical overview of the use of color in film. Film is a medium of communication with the viewer, an art form closely tied to technical development without which cinema would not exist. It emerged in the 1890s, with its discovery credited to numerous individuals, each contributing to different aspects of filmmaking. Expressive elements bestow beauty upon the film, making it deserving of its label as a universal art form. The paper offers a clearer delineation of the evolution of cinema throughout human history, along with specific expressive tools utilized in filmmaking. Color in film has been explored since its inception, although it took many years for this concept to come to fruition. Color in film leaves a lasting impression on the viewer, prompting directors to meticulously select its significance. Through an analysis of color in the movie 'Sonja and the Bull,' we observe how director Vlatka Vorkapić employed colors, primarily red, to convey the inner emotions of the actors to the audience
Drama activities for pre-school children in a foreign language
No full textDramske aktivnosti mogu poticati jezične vještine poput čitanja, pisanja, govora i slušanja stvaranjem odgovarajućeg konteksta. One su moćan alat za podučavanje jezika koji interaktivno uključuje svu djecu tijekom učenja stranoga jezika. Također mogu omogućiti povezivanje emocija i spoznaja jer dopuštaju djeci da hrabro izraze svoje misli stranim jezikom i dožive povezanost između razmišljanja i djelovanja. Ovaj završni rad pruža pregled relevantne i najnovije literature i istraživanja o važnosti i učinkovitosti dramskih aktivnosti u procesu učenja stranih jezika kod djece vrtićke dobi. Fokusirajući se na dječju radoznalost, kreativnost i potrebu za interakcijom s okolinom, rad razmatra kako se dramske aktivnosti mogu koristiti kao alat za poticanje razvoja jezičnih vještina, emocionalne inteligencije i socijalnih kompetencija kod djece. Također, rad naglašava kako dramske aktivnosti omogućuju cjelovit pristup učenju jezika, uključujući jezične, kreativne, društvene i emocionalne aspekte. Kroz igru uloga, igre i simulacije, djeca razvijaju svoje jezične kompetencije i postaju motivirana za aktivno sudjelovanje u procesu učenja.Drama activities can foster language skills such as reading, writing, speaking and listening by creating a suitable context. They are a powerful language teaching tool that involves all kids interactively during foreign language learning. They can also enable the connection between emotions and cognition because they allow children to bravely express their thoughts in a foreign language and experience the connection between thinking and acting. This paper provides an overview of relevant and up-to-date literature and research on the importance and effectiveness of drama activities in the process of foreign language learning in preschool children. Focusing on children's curiosity, creativity, and the need for interaction with their environment, the paper examines how drama activities can be used as a tool to promote the development of language skills, emotional intelligence, and social competencies in children. Additionally, the paper emphasizes how drama activities enable a comprehensive approach to language learning, encompassing linguistic, creative, social, and emotional aspects. Through role-playing, games, and simulations, children develop their language competencies and become motivated to actively participate in the learning process
Children experience of characters from the Croatian`s child literature corpus
No full textDječja književnost predstavlja poseban i važan dio književnosti koji je namijenjen djeci od najranije dobi do adolescentske dobi. Dječja književnost ima mnoge podjele i vrste, ali glavna obilježja su da je pisana za djecu, da su junaci djeci bliski (predmeti, stvari, ljudi) te da se od strane nakladnika i/ili knjižara definira kao dječja. Slikovnica je vrsta dječje književnosti i predstavlja najvažniju i prvu knjigu s kojom se dijete susreće. Predstavlja spoj umjetnosti riječi i likovne umjetnosti. Sadržaji koji čine slikovnice mogu biti različiti. U suvremenoj hrvatskoj i svjetskoj književnosti sve se veća pozornost posvećuje dječjem liku. Dječji lik aktivni je pokretač radnje i u središtu se nalazi on, njegove brige, problemi i htijenja. Budući da su dječji likovi sve više zastupljeni u dječjoj književnosti i nude se djeci kao poticajni tekstovi, postavlja se pitanje imaju li djeca izražene stavove o njima samima, njihovom ponašanju? U ovome su radu predstavljeni rezultati istraživanja koje je provedeno u rujnu 2023. godine s djecom predškolske dobi od pet do sedam godina. Cilj je ovoga istraživanja bio otkriti imaju li djeca izražene stavove prema dječjim likovima hrvatske dječje književnosti s kojima se upoznaju različitim usmenim oblicima rada u kontekstu razvoja jezično-komunikacijskoga područja kao jednog od temeljnih područja unutar dječjeg vrtića, odnosno, unutar kurikula ranoga i predškolskog odgoja i obrazovanja. Ujedno, istražit će se i dječja percepcija likova, odnosno dječje doživljavanje odabranih dječjih likova na čemu se temelji ovaj diplomski rad.Children's literature represents a special and important part of literature intended for children from a very young age to adolescence. Children's literature has many divisions and types, but its main characteristics are that it is written for children, that the characters are relatable to children (objects, things, people), and that it is defined as such by publishers and/or bookstores. Picture books are a type of children's literature and represent the most important and first book a child encounters. They are a fusion of the art of words and visual art. The contents of picture books can vary. In contemporary Croatian and world literature, increasing attention is given to the child as a character. The child character actively drives the plot and is at the center, with their concerns, problems, and desires taking precedence. As child characters are becoming more prevalent in children's literature and are presented to children as motivational texts, the question arises: do children have distinct opinions about themselves and their behavior? This work presents the results of research conducted in September 2023 with preschool children aged five to seven years. The aim of this research was to discover whether children have distinct attitudes towards the child characters in Croatian children's literature that they encounter through various oral forms of work in the context of language and communication development, as one of the fundamental areas within early childhood education and preschool curriculum. Additionally, it will explore children's perception of characters, i.e., their experiences with selected child characters, which forms the basis of this thesis
Children's Interest in Project-Based Learning from Educators' Perspective
No full textOdgojno – obrazovna ustanova se temelji na humanističko – razvojnoj koncepciji koja se zalaže za dobrobit djece, prava djeteta i razvoj kurikuluma. Dječji vrtić treba biti po mjeri djeteta i nalik obiteljskom domu no također, ono je zajednica djeteta, roditelja i odgojitelja, ali isto tako je mjesto učenja, življenja i suradnje. Dijete uči istražujući, eksperimentirajući i igrajući se, stoga bi odgojitelj trebao osmisliti aktivnosti i prostor prateći dječje interese. Posebice se ističe važnost provođenja projekta u odgojno – obrazovnim ustanovama pomoću kojeg se ostvaruju brojni odgojni ciljevi. Projekt se može definirati kao istraživanje i proučavanje teme od strane djece. Uočavajući potrebe u praksi za unapređenje rada, istraživanje je usmjereno na interes djece za projektno učenje iz perspektive odgojitelja. U ovom je radu objašnjeno što je projekt, koji su ciljevi projekta, kako potaknuti interes djece za projekte i uloge odgojitelja i djeteta u projektu. Cilj istraživanja je utvrditi interes djece za projektno učenje iz perspektive odgojitelja. Istraživanje je provedeno 2023. godine uz pomoć polustrukturiranog intervjua među 25 odgojitelja na području Osječko – baranjske županije. Istraživanje je pokazalo kako djeca pokazuju veliki interes za projekte te kako odgovarajuće prostorno-materijalno okruženje i bogatstvo materijala potiču motivaciju djeci, no važne su odgovarajuće teme koje su inicirane isključivo od strane djetetova interesa poput svemira, kukaca, prirode, prometa, itd...The educational institution is based on a humanistic-developmental concept that advocates for the well-being of children, children's rights and curriculum development. Kindergarten should be tailored to the child and similar to a family home, but also, it is a community of children, parents and educators, but also a place of learning, living and cooperation. A child learns by exploring, experimenting and playing, therefore the educator should design activities and space following the child's interests. In particular, the importance of implementing the project in educational institutions is emphasized, with the help of which numerous educational goals are realized. A project can be defined as research and study of a topic by children. Noticing the needs in practice to improve work, the research is focused on children's interest in project-based learning from the educator's perspective. This paper explains what the project is, what the project's goals are, how to stimulate children's interest in the project, and the roles of educators and children in the project. The goal of the research is to determine children's interest in project-based learning from the perspective of educators. The research was conducted in 2023. with the help of a semi-structured interview among 25 educators in the area of Osijek - Baranja County. Research has shown that children show a great interest in projects and that an appropriate spatial and material environment and a wealth of materials encourage children's motivation, but appropriate topics that are initiated exclusively by the child's interests, such as space, insects, nature, traffic, etc., are important
SHADOW THEATER IN THE FUNCTION OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES
No full textThis paper presents a theoretical framework which supports the interpretation of the role of
the shadow theatre in the (re)habilitation of children with disabilities. Children’s’ participation
in the shadow theatre may benefit the development of their social competencies, especially
their communication skills, but also the development of speech. The paper especially
wishes to point out the acknowledgment that the developmental level of speech depends on
the level of fine movements of the fingers. Shadow theatre, alongside floortime approach,
using the movement of fingers, hands and the whole body, provides a beneficial stimulation
for the development of speech, at the same time affecting the holistic development of a child.
Floortime approach enables children to investigate emotions in a safe environment, it promotes
creative thinking, problem-solving skills and diverting attention to subtler nuances
of non-verbal communication. The experience gathered from participating in the shadow
theatre are beneficial to all children, and most especially to those with disabilities. Floortime
approach and shadow theatre are only a few of the possible approaches and tools for the
successful process of (re)habilitation, as well as inclusion of children with disabilities
PREVALENCE OF SCIENTIFIC ILLUSTRATIONS IN NATURE AND SOCIETY TEXTBOOKS IN CROATIA AND SERBIA
No full textWhile discovering the surrounding world, students gather information from various sources
through a research approach. A textbook that contains many illustrations is still an unavoidable
source of learning, enabling students to gain most information. Since humans are visually
oriented, illustrations are powerful tool for learning, documenting and understanding
and have a strong impact on students during education. Thanks to numerous illustrations
by scientists, we can get closer to various scientific facts that are the basis of constructivist
learning of natural sciences, as opposed to illustrations by artists filled with elements of
imagination, personal creativity and experience.
This study aimed to compare the prevalence and quality of the scientific illustrations in Nature
and Society / World Around Us textbooks for the 1st and 4th grade in Croatia and Serbia.
The purpose of the research was to show the importance of the scientific illustration in development
of scientific literacy through a constructivist approach in science learning. The
content analysis method was applied in this study. Elements and criteria have been set to decode
the quality of scientific illustrations. The research determined that analysed textbooks
contain numerous illustrations but their quality deviates to a greater extent from the criteria
of scientific illustration. The illustrations are not in line with the realistic presentation of
science content, indicating their artistic form. Additionally, most of them lack elements of
scientific illustration. The obtained results highlighted the necessity for teachers’ and students’
visual literacy development, enabling better selection, creation and application of illustrations
in science education
The role of play from the perspective of a child of early and preschool age
No full textIgra je izuzetno važna za razvoj djeteta, posebno u ranoj i predškolskoj dobi. Igra započinje na djetetu spontan i prirodan način, a kvalitetna je onda kada je popraćena veseljem, radošću i zadovoljstvom. Kroz igru djeca istražuju svijet oko sebe, spontano razvijaju motoričke i koordinacijske vještine te kognitivne vještine poput pažnje, koncentracije i pamćenja. Uloga odraslih u igri je također vrlo važna jer oni mogu pomoći u usmjeravanju igre prema određenim ciljevima, kao i u učenju djece kako se ponašati u grupi. U konačnici, igra je ključni dio djetinjstva i važno je da djeca imaju priliku igrati se i istraživati svijet oko sebe. Dječje poimanje igre uvelike se razlikuje od perspektive odraslih, što možemo vidjeti i iz rezultata istraživanja. Djeca igru doživljavaju kao interakciju s ostalom djecom, a opisuju kako za njih igra predstavlja sreću, razonodu i zabavu. Dječja perspektiva je iskrena i neopterećena predrasudama, dok su odrasli skloniji donositi zaključke na temelju prethodnog iskustva. Kako bi poticajno okruženje u vrtiću bilo što bogatije izuzetno je važna kvalitetna komunikacija između odgajatelja i djece. Odgajatelji su pokretači dječjih razgovora jer ih neprestano motiviraju da svoje mišljenje iznose bez straha i osude. Cilj ovog istraživanja je utvrditi kako djeca razumiju igru, koje vrste igara djeca najradije igraju u dječjem vrtiću, u kojoj mjeri se odgojitelji igraju s djecom te kada i kako se uključuju dječju igru. Istraživanje je provedeno u Dječjem vrtiću Đakovo, intervjuiranjem 20 djece u dobi od 3 do 6 godina.Play is extremely important for a child's development, especially in early and preschool age. Play begins in a child's spontaneous and natural way, and is of high quality when accompanied by joy, happiness and satisfaction. Through play, children explore the world around them, spontaneously develop motor and coordination skills, and cognitive skills such as attention, concentration and memory. The role of adults in play is also very important because they can help direct play towards certain goals, as well as teach children how to behave in a group. Ultimately, play is a key part of childhood and it is important that children have the opportunity to play and explore the world around them. Children's perception of play greatly differs from the perspective of adults, which we can see from the results of research. Children perceive play as an interaction with other children, and describe how they play together and have fun. Children's perspective is honest and unburdened by prejudice, while adults are more likely to draw conclusions based on previous experience. In order for a stimulating environment in kindergarten to be as rich as possible, high-quality communication between educators and children is extremely important. Educators are the initiators of children's conversations because they constantly motivate them to express their opinions without fear or judgment. The aim of this research is to determine how children understand play, which types of games children prefer to play in kindergarten, to what extent educators play with children, and when and how they engage in children's play. The research was conducted in the Đakovo Kindergarten by interviewing 20 children aged 3 to 6 years
Digital applications for fostering early literacy and language skills
No full textDjeca cijelog svijeta usvajaju jezik prema ustaljenim miljokazima, a kako bi ga usvojila i naučila potrebno je da konstantno budu izložena istom. Glavni teorijski pristupi usvajanja jezika (bihevioristički, nativistički, kognitivistički, konekcionistički i teorija upravljanja i vezanja te funkcionalistički pristup) doveli su do holističkog pristupa razumijevanja dječjeg ovladavanja jezikom. Bitan period usvajanja jezika upravo je predškolska dob tijekom koje djeca usvajaju predvještine čitanja i pisanja kao što su fonološka svjesnost, rječnik, pripovijedanje, svijest o pisanom tekstu i imenovanje slova. S obzirom na to da živimo u digitalnom dobu djeca su od najranije dobi izložena i okružena tehnologijom. Brojna istraživanja pokazala su kako tehnologija, točnije informacijsko-komunikacijska tehnologija i različiti digitalni alati imaju pozitivan utjecaj na razvoj rane pismenosti i jezičnih sposobnosti kod djece. Sukladno tomu, u sklopu ICT-AAC projekta razvijene su digitalne aplikacije namijenjene poticanju predčitalačkih i predpisalačkih sposobnosti. Aplikacije svojim atraktivnim izgledom i različitim interakcijskim svojstvima djeci nude novi i zanimljivi način usvajanja i uvježbavanja spomenutih sposobnosti.Children all over the world acquire language according to established guidelines, to acquire and learn it, they need to be constantly exposed to it. The main theoretical approaches to language acquisition (behaviourist, nativist, cognitivist, connectionist and management and binding theory and functionalist approach) have led to a holistic approach of understanding children's language acquisition. An important period of language acquisition is the preschool age, during which children acquire the pre-skills of reading and writing such as phonological awareness, vocabulary, storytelling, awareness of written text and naming letters. Given that we live in a digital age, children are exposed to and surrounded by technology from an early age. Numerous studies have shown that technology, specifically information and communication technology and various digital tools have a positive impact on the development of early literacy and language skills in children. Accordingly, as part of the ICT-AAC project, digital applications designed to encourage pre-reading and pre-writing skills were developed. The applications, with their attractive appearance and various interactive properties, offer children a new and interesting way of acquiring and practicing the pre-reading and pre-writing abilities