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Organic food production : master thesis
No full textEkološka proizvodnja temelji se na primjeni prirodnih tvari i postupaka. Odnosno, to je proizvodnja bez primjene mineralnih gnojiva, pesticida, hormona i ostalih agrokemikalija. Glavni cilj ekološke proizvodnje je proizvodnja hrane primjenom postupaka koji ne djeluju štetno na okoliš, niti na zdravlje životinja i ljudi. Koncept ekološke proizvodnje razvio se početkom dvadesetog stoljeća. Najveću ulogu u razvoju koncepta imali su znanstvenici. Oni su svojim znanstvenim istraživanjima i radovima te brojnim predavanjima doprinijeli popularizaciji ekološke proizvodnje. Ekološku proizvodnju potrebno je i zakonski regulirati. Ulaskom u Europsku uniju, Hrvatska prihvaća njene zakone o ekološkoj proizvodnji i označavanju ekoloških proizvoda, ali također donosi i neke vlastite zakone i pravila. Iako još uvijek zaostaje za ostalim zemljama Europe, ekološka proizvodnja u Hrvatskoj ima veliki potencijal. Poseban naglasak stavljen je na ekološko maslinarstvo koje se sve više razvija u Hrvatskoj, pogotovo u priobalnom dijelu. U sklopu ovog diplomskog rada provedeno je i istraživanje o poznavanju ekološke proizvodnje hrane u općoj populaciji Republike Hrvatske. Istraživanje je provedeno kako bi se prikazala upućenost i stav ispitanika o ekološkoj proizvodnji i ekološkim proizvodima.Organic production is based on the application of natural substances and processes. That is production without the application of mineral fertilizers, pesticides, hormones and other agrochemicals. The main goal of organic production is food production by applying processes that don't have a detrimental effect on the environment, nor on animal and human health. The concept of organic production developed in the early twentieth century. Scientists played the biggest role in the development of the concept. Through their scientific research and works, as well as numerous lectures, they have contributed to the popularization of organic production. Organic production also needs to be regulated by law. By joining the European Union, Croatia accepts its laws on organic production and labeling of organic products, but also adopts some of its own laws and rules. Although still lagging behind other European countries, organic production in Croatia has great potential. Special emphasis is placed on organic olive growing, which is increasingly developing in Croatia, especially in the coastal part. As part of this thesis, a research on the knowledge of organic food production in the general population of the Republic of Croatia was conducted. The research was conducted to show the knowledge and attitude of the respondents about organic production and organic products
Comparison of potentiometric and spectropfotometric results of determination of iron (II) cation : diploma thesis
No full textU ovom radu je ispitan odziv ionsko-selektivne membrane na bazi željezovog(III) fosfata na željezove(III) katione pri pH = 1. Vršilo se testiranje membrane koja je napravljena od željezovog(III) fosfata, srebrovog sulfida, Ag 2 S te politetrafluoretilena (PTFE) koji služi kao neaktivni nosač. Očitanjem potencijala je napravljen grafički prikaz ovisnosti elektrodnog potencijala membrane o aktivitetu željezovih(III) kationa. Usporedbom eksperimentalnih podataka i izračunatih vrijednosti može se utvrditi pokazuje li membrana odziv na željezove(III) katione. Pripravom otopina R 1 – R 5 (Fe 3+ - sulfosalicilna kiselina) te očitanjem apsorbancije na spektrofotometru napravljena je kalibracijska krivulja. Nakon mjerenja promjene apsorbancije s promjenom koncentracije željezovih(III) kationa, metoda UV-Vis apsorpcijske spektrofotometrije se može usporediti s potenciometrijskom metodom. Usporedba se radila tako da se ista koncentracija željezovih(III) kationa određivala i potenciometrijski i spektrofotometrijski. Značajke koje su uzete u obzir kod usporedbe metoda su jednadžbe pravaca te linearna dinamička područja.In this thesis, was tested the response of ion-selective membrane based on iron(III) phosphate to iron(III) cations at pH=1. Tested membrane was made of iron (III) phosphate, silver sulfide, Ag 2 S and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). Polytetraflouroethylene is used as an inactive carrier. Graphical representation of the electrode potential on the activity of iron(III) cations was made. By comparing experimental data and calculated values, it can be determined whether the membrane shows a response to iron(III) cations. A calibration curve was made by preparing solutions R 1 – R 5 (Fe 3+ - sulfosalicylic acid) and reading the absorbance on a spectrophotometer. After measuring the change in absorbance with the change in the concentration of iron(III) cations, the UV-Vis absorption spectrophotometry can be compared with the potentiometric method. The same concentration of iron(III) cations was determined both potentiometrically and spectrophotometrically and then a comparison was made. The compared features were te direction equation and linear dynamic range
Volatile compounds profile of chestnut : bachelor thesis
No full textMed je prirodno sladak proizvod kojeg proizvode pčele, iznimno važni mali kukci. Uz med, one proizvode i neke druge za ljude važne proizvode. Med je danas u najširoj primjenu u području prehrane, a u povijesti se smatrao važnim lijekom za veliki broj različitih infekcija. Za procjenu kvalitete meda, jedno od važnijih svojstava je njegova aroma. Za miris, odnosno aromu meda iznimno su važni hlapljivi spojevi. U ovom radu su izolirani hlapljivi spojevi meda kestena pomoću ultrazvučne ekstrakcije organskim otapalom (USE) te je dobiveni ekstrakt analiziran plinskom kromatografijom uz masenu spektrometriju kao metodu detekcije i identifikacije. Kvalitativno i kvantitativno najvažniji hlapljivi spojevi u ekstraktima meda kestena su derivati benzena. U tu skupinu spojeva spadaju glavni sastojci svih ekstrakata, p- aminoacetofenon i 2-feniloctena kiselina te 3-hidroksi-4-fenilbutan-2-on kao i benzil-alkohol, benzojeva kiselina i o-aminoacetofenon. Visoki udjeli 2-feniloctene kiseline i p-aminoacetofenona, kao i prisustvo o- aminoacetofenona, u ekstraktima meda kestena karakteristični su za taj med te se mogu smatrati markerima njegovog botaničkog porijekla.Honey is a naturally sweet product produced by bees, exceptionally important little insects. Besides honey, they produce other products important to humankind. Nowadays, honey is mostly used in the food industry, but throughout history, it was considered important medicine for a large number of infections. For the quality assessment of honey, one of the most important properties is its aroma. For the scent (aroma) of honey, volatile compounds are exceptionally important. In this thesis, volatile compounds of chestnut honey were extracted using ultrasonic extraction with organic solvent (USE), and the extracts obtained were analyzed using gas chromatography with mass spectrometry as a method of detection. Qualitatively and quantitatively the most important volatile compounds in all extracts of chestnut honey are benzene derivatives. The main constituents in all extracts, p- aminoacetophenone and 2-phenylacetic acid, as well as 3-hydroxy-4-phenylbutan-2-one, benzyl alcohol, benzoic acid and o-aminoacetophenone are all benzene derivatives. High content of 2-phenylacetic acid and p-aminoacetophenone, as well as the presence of o-aminoacetophenone, in chestnut honey extracts are characteristic of this honey and can be considered as markers of its botanical origin
Determination of Cr concentration by atomic absorption spectroscopy in growing bean sprouts : bachelor thesis
No full textTijekom ranijih istraživanja, biljka Lepidium sativum L. je izdvojena kao mogući hiperakumulator. Porijeklom je sa prostora jugozapadne Azije i Egipta, a koristi se širom svijeta u prehrani kao začin i ljekovita biljka. Atomska apsorpcijska spektroskopija je analitička tehnika koja omogućava kvantitativno određivanje metala u širokom spektru uzoraka. U ovom radu je prikazan uzgoj klica biljke Lepidium sativum L. otopinama različitih koncentracija kroma te je prikazana metoda pripreme biljnog materijala za analizu atomskim apsorpcijskim spektrometrom. Spomenutom analitičkom tehnikom moguće je odrediti koncentraciju kroma koji je akumuliran u biljci. Analizom je utvrđeno da je biljka dobar akumulator kroma te da je njena sposobnost akumulacije rastuća s porastom koncentracije kroma u otopini na kojoj je uzgajana.During previous research, the plant Lepidium sativum L. was singled out as a possible hyperaccumulator. It originates from the area of southwest Asia and Egypt, and is used worldwide in the diet as a spice and medicinal plant. Atomic absorption spectroscopy is an analytical technique that allows the quantitative determination of metals in a wide range of samples. In this paper, the cultivation of Lepidium sativum L. plant germs with solutions of different chromium concentrations is presented, and the method of preparation of plant material for analysis by atomic absorption spectrometer is presented. With the mentioned analytical technique, it is possible to determine the concentration of chromium that has accumulated in plants. The analysis showed that the plant is a good accumulator of chromium and that its ability to accumulate increases with increasing concentration of chromium in the solution in which it is grown
Study of the responses of the membrane based on FePO4 : Ag2S : PTFE = 1:1:2 with the addition of Al2O3 nanoparicles at pH = 1 and pH = 1,5 : bachelor thesis
No full textPotenciometrijskom metodom izvršeno je ispitivanje novoizrađenih senzora, tj. membranskih elektroda na bazi željezovog(III) fosfata, srebrovog sulfida uz dodatak politetrafluoretilena koji je bitan za kompaktnost smjese i otpornost prema jakim kemijskim utjecajima. Smjesi su dodane nanočestice aluminijevog oksida u različitim udjelima za svaku membranu, a proces testiranja obavljen je u kiselom mediju pri pH 1 i pH 1,5. U ispitivanju su korištene tri membrane za koje je praćen odziv prema željezovim(III) kationima u otopini željezovog(III) nitrata nonahidrata. Osnovni cilj je bio da se na temelju provedenih ispitivanja donese zaključak o mogućnosti primjene takvih membrana u praksi. Sastav membrana korištenih pri ispitivanju bio je:
• Membrana 1 (PNA1) : FePO 4 : Ag 2 S : PTFE = 1 : 1 : 2 s dodatkom nanočestica Al 2 O 3 (0,25%)
• Membrana 2 (PNA2) : FePO 4 : Ag 2 S : PTFE = 1 : 1 : 2 s dodatkom nanočestica Al 2 O 3 (0,5%)
• Membrana 3 (PNA3) : FePO 4 : Ag 2 S : PTFE = 1 : 1 : 2 s dodatkom nanočestica Al 2 O 3 (1%)
Membrane su testirane na odziv prema željezovim(III) kationima u otopini željezovog(III) nitrata nonahidrata. Slijednim mijenjanjem koncentracije sa pufer otopinom dušične kiseline pH vrijednosti 1 i 1,5 praćena je promjena potencijala. Na kraju su dobiveni rezultati prikazani grafički.The potentiometric method was used to test newly developed sensors, ie membrane electrodes based on iron(III) phosphate, silver sulfide with the addition of polytetrafluoroethylene, which is important for the compactness of the mixture and resistance to strong chemical influences. Aluminum oxide nanoparticles were added to the mixture in different proportions for each membrane, and the testing process was performed in an acidic medium at pH 1 and pH 1.5. Three membranes were used in the study, for which the response to iron(III) cations in a solution of iron(III) nitrate nonahydrate was monitored. The main goal was to draw a conclusion based on the conducted tests on the possibility of applying such membranes in practice. The composition of the membranes used in the test was:
• Membrane 1 (PNA1): FePO 4 : Ag 2 S: PTFE = 1: 1: 2 with the addition of Al 2 O 3 nanoparticles (0.25%)
• Membrane 2 (PNA2): FePO 4 : Ag 2 S: PTFE = 1: 1: 2 with the addition of Al 2 O 3 nanoparticles (0.5%)
• Membrane 3 (PNA3): FePO 4 : Ag 2 S: PTFE = 1: 1: 2 with the addition of Al 2 O 3 nanoparticles (1%)
Membranes were tested for response to iron(III) cations in a solution of iron(III) nitrate nonahydrate. Subsequent changes in concentration with nitric acid buffer solution pH values of 1 and 1.5 followed the change in potential. In the end, the obtained results are presented graphically
Application of shell&tube exchangers in cooling of the plain bearings of rotary kilns : bachelor thesis
No full textZavršni rad predstavlja proraĉun industrijskih višecijevnih izmjenjivaĉa topline(MIT05 i MIT06) u svrhu hlaĊenja kliznih leţajeva rotacijskih peći.U razmatranje su uzete karakteristiĉne veliĉine hladnog (rashladna voda) i toplog (mineralno ulje) fluida na srednjem bloku rotacijske peći za proizvodnju Portland cementa na istoĉnoj strani peći na sjevernom kućištu (pozicija 7) s vanjske i unutarnje strane kućišta. Cilj ovog završnog rada je ispitati karakteristike industrijskih MIT05 i MIT06 izmjenjivaĉa topline, duljine cijevi 400 i/ili 540 mm kako bi se isti mogli primijeniti za hlaĊenje mineralnog ulja temperature 39 o C, koje u prostor plašta dostrujava volumnim protokom od 0,60 m 3 /h na unutarnjoj te 0,72 m 3 /h na vanjskoj strani kućišta. Kroz cijevni snop, u dva prolaza, struji rashladna voda volumnim protokom 1,3 m 3 /h i ulazne temperature 25,1 o C. Raspored cijevi je u trokutu s korakom od 13 mm, a broj pregrada u plaštu je 6 (MIT05) i 9 (MIT06). Rezultati ispitivanja ukazuju da je reţim strujanja u plaštu laminaran (Re < Re, kr), dok je strujanje vode u cijevima u prijelaznom podruĉju (2300 Re 10 000). Rezultati ispitivanja takoĊer potvrĊuju da ispitivani višecijevni izmjenjivaĉ MIT06 zadovoljava za hlaĊenje kliznih leţajeva rotacijske peći budući je potrebna površina za izmjenu topline manja u odnosu na raspoloţivu površinu navedenog izmjenjivaĉa.Main purpose of this bachelor thesis is to estimate industrial shell&tube heat exchangers (MIT05 and MIT06) in purpose of cooling the plain bearing of rotary kiln. Properties of cold (cooling water) and warm (mineral oil) fluid on the middle block of rotary kiln for production of Portland cement on the eastern side of kiln on the northern side on the outside and inside of basis were taken in consideration. The aim of this bachelor thesis is to examine the characteristics of industrial MIT05 and MIT06 heat exchangers, length of pipes 400 and/or 540 mm, so that can be used for cooling mineral oil initial temperature of 39 °C, which flows inside the sheath at volume flow 0.6 m 3 /h on the inside of the basis, and 0.72 m 3 /h on the outside of the basis. Through the tube bundle, in two passes, streaming cooling water at volume flow 1.3 m 3 /h and inlet temperature 25.1 °C. Pipes are laid out in a triangular fashion and pitched 13 mm apart with 6 baffles inside the shell for MIT05 and 9 for MIT06. The results of examination indicate the laminar flow inside the shell (Re < Re, cr) and the transitional flow in the tub e ( 2300 < Re < 10 000). Tested shell&tube heat exchanger MIT06 satisfies for cooling down the bearing of rotarykiln, because the required surface to exchange heat is lower compared to available surface
Evaluation of the natural zeolite as filler in permeable reactive barriers for remediation of groundwater polluted by cadmium and zinc : master thesis
No full textIspitana je mogućnost primjene prirodnog zeolita klinoptilolita kao punila u propusnim reaktivnim barijerama (PRB) za zaštitu podzemnih voda od onečišćenja teškim metalima. Za simuliranje dinamičkih uvjeta u podzemlju provedeni su eksperimenti u koloni na nepomičnom sloju prirodnog zeolita klinoptilolita propuštanjem binarne vodene otopine kadmija i cinka od vrha prema dnu kolone pri protocima od 1, 2, 3 i 4 mL/min. Iz dobivenih eksperimentalnih rezultata izračunati su koeficijent raspodjele (K d ) i koeficijent zadržavanja (R d ), kako bi se procijenio potencijal zeolita za sorpciju i zadržavanje kadmija i cinka u barijeri. Također su izračunati hidrodinamički koeficijent disperzije (D L ) i hidrodinamički disperzijski koeficijent zadržavanja (D LR ) u svrhu procjene utjecaja hidrodinamičke disperzije na širenje onečišćenja u podzemnoj vodi i zaobilaženje postavljenje barijere. Za sve ispitane protoke dobivene su veće vrijednosti K d i R d za kadmij nego za cink što upućuje na bolju raspodjelu i zadržavanje kadmija u sloju zeolita. Razlog tome je njegov manji hidratizirani ionski radijus u odnosu na cink, što mu omogućuje bolju pokretljivost, a time i vezanje na slobodna aktivna mjesta na zeolitu. Povećanjem protoka manja je razlika između K d i R d za kadmij i cink jer je uslijed kraćeg vremena kontakta kompeticijski efekt između kadmija i cinka manje izražen. Vrijednosti D L i D LR za oba iona rastu porastom protoka, povećavajući njihovo širenje u poroznom mediju uslijed hidrodinamičke disperzije, što u konačnici može dovesti do zaobilaženja postavljene barijere. Najbolja raspodjela i zadržavanje iona u zeolitnoj barijeri uz njihovo minimalno širenje postignuta je za najmanji protok otopine od 1 mL/min (0,01277 m/min) koji je od svih ispitanih protoka najbliži prosječnom protoku podzemne vode (≈ 0,00003 m/min). Dobiveni rezultati ukazuju na mogućnost primjene prirodnog zeolita klinoptilolita kao punila u propusnim reaktivnim barijerama u svrhu zaštite podzemnih voda od onečišćenja teškim metalima.The possible application of natural zeolite clinoptilolite as filler in permeable reactive barriers (PRBs) for protection of groundwater from contamination by heavy metals were investigated. For simulation of underground dynamic conditions for the column experiments on the fixed natural zeolite layer were performed by passing the binary aqueous solution of cadmium and zinc through the column by down-flow mode at flow rates of 1, 2, 3 and 4 mL/min. From the obtained column results the distribution coefficient (K d ) and retardation coefficients (R d ) were calculated in order to estimate the zeolite potential in sorption and retardation of cadmium and zinc in the barrier. The hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient (D L ) and hydrodynamic dispersion retardation coefficient (D LR ) were calculated as well in order to estimate the impact of the hydrodynamic dispersion on the contaminant plume and possible bypassing of the barrier. For all flow rates tested, the highest values of K d and R d were obtained for cadmium compared to zinc, pointing on better distribution and retardation od cadmium in zeolite layer. The reason for that is smaller hydrated ionic radius of cadmium than zinc, making it more mobile, and thus easier to bind on free active zeolite sites. With increasing in flow rate the difference between the K d and R d of cadmium and zinc is lower due to the shorter contact time at which to competition effect is less pronounced. The D L and D LR values for both ions increase with increasing in flow rate, thus increasing their spreading in the porous media caused by hydrodynamic dispersion, which at the end leads to bypassing of the barrier. The best distribution and immobilization of the ions inside the zeolite barrier, alongside their minimum spreading is achieved for the lowest flow rate of 1 mL/min (0.01277 m/min) which, among all tested flow rates, is the closest to the average flow of the groundwater (≈ 0.000003 m/min). The obtained results pointing on possible application of the natural zeolite clinoptilolite as filler in permeable reactive barriers for protection of groundwater from heavy metals pollution
The effect of different supplements in humus on the pH value of humus : bachelor thesis
No full textU ovom završnom radu određivane su pH vrijednosti humusa u kojemu je rasla biljka rukola. Humusi su pripremljeni na šest različitih načina: čisti humus bez dodataka, humus s dodatkom letećeg pepela na koji je adsorbiran bakar, humus u koji je dodan humus na koji je adsorbiran bakar, humus s dodatkom ljuski jaja na koje je adsorbiran bakar, humus s dodatkom zeolita na koji je vezan bakar te humus koji je zalijevan samo s vodenom otopinom bakra. Na osnovu izmjerenih pH vrijednosti može se zaključiti kako niti jedan pripremljeni humus ne bi smio ometati rast i razvoj rukole što je i potvrđeno uzgojem biljke. Svi uzorci su bili unutar optimalnog raspona pH vrijednosti koja je pogodna za rast i razvoj rukole.In this bachelor thesis, pH values of humus in which rocket was grown were determined. Humus was prepared in six different ways: pure humus without additives, humus with the addition of fly ash on which the copper was adsorbed, the humus with the addition of humus on which copper was adsorbed, humus with the addition of egg shells on which copper was adsorbed, humus with the addition of zeolite on which copper was sorbed, and humus that was watered only with an aqueous copper solution. Based on the measured pH values, it can be concluded that none of the prepared humus should hinder the growth and development of the rocket as confirmed by the cultivation of the plant. All the samples were within the optimum range of pH values suitable for the growth and development of the rocket
Potentiometric determination of fluoride in different beer types produced in Croatia : diploma thesis
No full textCilj istraživanja bio je odrediti koncentraciju fluorida u pivima različitih vrsta potencijometrijski. Određena je koncentracija fluorida, volumni udio alkohola te pH u 30 uzoraka svijetlih i 19 uzoraka tamnih piva. Koncentracija fluorida sadržanog u analiziranim uzorcima piva određivana je metodom standardnog dodatka pri pH vrijednosti 5,5. Masene koncentracije fluorida u svim uzorcima piva su manje od 149,07 µg/L a veće od 53,02 µg/L. Najveća masena koncentracija fluorida zabilježena je kod piva 5th element Beer Lela 179,90 µg fluorida/L uzorka iz Daruvarske pivovare. Najmanja masena koncentracija fluorida zabilježena je kod Bura Brew Optimist 48,61 µg fluorida/L iz Bura Brew Poreč pivovare. Pivo je kiseli prehrambeni proizvod i pH se kretao u području od 3,23 do 4,79. Udio alkohola kod svijetlih piva u rasponu od 0% do 6%, a kod tamnih piva su u rasponu od 2% do 7,5%. Sve analizirane pive imaju dozvoljenu koncentraciju fluorida koja u Hrvatskoj iznosi 1,5 mg/L što se slaže i sa vrijednostima preporučenim od strane Svjetske zdravstvene organizacije ( WHO).The aim of the study was to potentiometrically determine the concentration of fluoride in beers of different types. Fluoride concentration, alcoholic strength by volume and pH were determined in 30 samples of light and 19 samples of dark beers. The concentration of fluoride contained in the analyzed beer samples was determined by the method of standard addition at pH 5.5. Mass concentrations of fluoride in all beer samples are less than 149.07 µg / L and higher than 53.02 µg / L. The highest mass concentration of fluoride was recorded in the beer 5th element Beer Lela 179.90 µg fluoride / L sample from Daruvar Brewery. The lowest mass concentration of fluoride was recorded at Bura Brew Optimist 48.61 µg of fluoride / L from Bura Brew Poreč brewery. Beer is an acidic food product and the pH ranged from 3.23 to 4.79. The alcohol content of light beers ranges from 0% to 6%, and dark beers range from 2% to 7.5%. All analyzed beers have a permitted concentration of fluoride in Croatia of 1.5 mg / L, which agrees with the values recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO)
Headspace of soap with the addition of essential oils : diploma thesis
No full textEterična ulja su iznimno cijenjene prirodne tvari poznate još od davnina. Tijekom godina i promjenom stila života ljudi su sve više napustili upotrebu ljekovitog bilja i zaboravili blagodati eteričnih ulja. Interes se ponovno pojavio u 19. stoljeću kada je otkrivena aromaterapija. Danas se ljudi sve više okreću prirodnim proizvodima poznatog porijekla i sastava, čime je porasla i zainteresiranost za kućne radionice izrade sapuna. U radu je opisan postupak kućne radionice izrade sapuna s bazom od maslinovog i kokosovog ulja, te uz dodatak tri vrste eteričnih ulja: eteričnog ulja lavande, eteričnog ulja ružmarina i eteričnog ulja naranče. Navedeni sapuni, kao i sama eterična ulja podvrgnuti su organskoj analizi na Kemijsko-tehnološkom fakultetu u Splitu u cilju ispitivanja mirisne kvalitete samih proizvoda. Izolacija vršnih para sapuna provedena je metodom mikroekstrakcije vršnih para na krutoj fazi (HS-SPME), a sama analiza isparljivih spojeva provedena je vezanim sustavom plinska kromatografija sa spektrometrijom masa (GC-MS). Analizirani su i uspoređivani kemijski sastavi vršnih para samih eteričnih ulja, baznog sapuna, te sapuna s dodatkom eteričnog ulja lavande, ružmarina i naranče.Essential oils are highly valued natural substances that are known since ancient times. Over the years and with the change of lifestyle, people have increasingly abandoned the use of medicinal herbs and forgotten the benefits of essential oils. Interest again appeared in the 19 th century when aromatherapy was discovered. Today, people have been increasingly turning to the natural products of known origin and composition, which has increased the interest in home soap making workshops. Diploma thesis describes the procedure of a home workshop for making soap with a base made from olive and coconut oil, and with the addition of three types of essential oils: lavender essential oil, rosemary essential oil and orange essential oil. These soaps, as well as the essential oils themselves, were subjected to organic analysis at the Faculty of Chemistry and Technology Split in order to analyse the smell quality of the products. The isolation of soap headspace was performed by the headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME), and the analysis of volatile compounds was performed by the coupled gas chromatography system with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The headspace chemical composition of the essential oils themselves, base soap, and soaps with the addition of lavender, rosemary and orange essential oils were analyzed and compared