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Razvoj i testiranje klijentskih web-aplikacija u C#-u
No full textU ovom radu proučili smo Blazor, alat za razvoj interaktivnih web-aplikacija u C#-u. Blazor je razvojni okvir koji olakšava pisanje klijentskog koda programerima upoznatima s .NET-om. Programeri u Blazoru umjesto JavaScripta koriste programski jezik C# za razvoj funkcionalnosti na klijentskoj strani aplikacija. Posebno smo proučili Blazor WebAssembly, model Blazora u kojem se aplikacija u cijelosti izvršava unutar internetskog preglednika. Ovo je ostvareno pomoću WebAssemblyja, programskog jezika niske razine koji se može izvršavati u pregledniku.
U Blazor WebAssemblyju razvili smo složeniju web-aplikaciju. Korisničku interakciju s aplikacijom implementirali smo pomoću Razor komponenti, alata u Blazoru koji omogućava povezivanje C# koda s događajima HTML elemenata. Aplikaciju smo na nižim razinama istestirali koristeći standardne alate za pisanje testova u .NET-u uz integriranje alata bUnit, biblioteke u Blazoru koja omogućuje pisanje jediničnih testova za Razor komponente.In this thesis we studied Blazor, a framework for building interactive web applications using C#. Blazor simplifies writing front-end code for developers familiar with .NET. In Blazor, developers use C# instead of JavaScript to develop client-side functionalities within web applications. We specifically examined Blazor WebAssembly, a Blazor model that enables application code to execute directly in the browser. This functionality is made possible through WebAssembly, a low-level language that modern web browsers can natively run.
With Blazor WebAssembly we built a more complex web application. User interactions were implemented using Razor components, a Blazor feature that enables linking C# code to HTML element events. We implemented lower-level testing using standard .NET testing tools with integrated bUnit, a Blazor library that supports writing unit tests for Razor components
Insights into the Thermodynamics of Surface Reactions at the SiO2(s) / NaCl(aq) Interface
No full textPotentiometric acid-base titrations, sodium ion selective electrode, isothermal titration calorimetry, dissolution calorimetry, dynamic light scattering and electrophoretic measurements.This study investigates the behaviour of silica nanoparticles suspended in an aqueous sodium chloride solution during wetting, as well as changes in pH and sodium chloride concentration. We examine the processes and interactions at the silica/aqueous electrolyte solution interface, which involve reactions among water molecules, dissolved ions and the electrically charged silica surface. The nanoparticles were characterized using dynamic light scattering and electrokinetic measurements to determine their size, electrokinetic potential, and stability in acidic conditions. We performed three types of calorimetric experiments with both a dissolution calorimeter and an isothermal titration calorimeter to analyse the thermodynamics of surface processes on the silica nanoparticles. Through theoretical analysis, we distinguished between the contributions of silica surface protonation and sodium ion association. Our findings reveal that the enthalpy change resulting from immersing dry silica nanoparticles in aqueous sodium chloride is exothermic. Importantly, the enthalpies associated with protonation are independent of pH and ionic strength, while those related to sodium ion association are affected by both pH and the charge of the silica nanoparticle surface
Composition of light mineral fraction of sands from Bozara locality, Papuk Mt.
No full textU radu je analiziran granulometrijski sastav i sastav lake mineralne frakcije dva uzorka pjeskovito siltoznih sedimenata gornjomiocenske starosti s lokaliteta Bozara nedaleko od Velike na južnim obroncima Papuka. Uzorak Bzr 1 određen je kao vrlo loše sortirani pjeskoviti silt kod kojeg u sastavu lake mineralne frakcije prevladavaju muskovit i karbonatne čestice, a u značajnoj mjeri zastupljene su čestice stijena i kvarc. Uzorak Bzr 2 također je određen kao vrlo loše sortirani pjeskoviti silt. U njegovom sastavu najzastupljenije su karbonatne čestice, a značajno su još zastupljene čestice stijena i kvarc. Vrlo loša sortiranost analiziranih uzoraka ukazuje da se radi o strukturno nezrelom materijalu, a bogata zastupljenost karbonatnih minerala i nizak udio kvarca pokazatelj su mineralne nezrelosti sedimenta. Strukturna i mineraloška nezrelost analiziranih sedimenata pokazatelj je njihovog lokalnog porijekla što ih razlikuje od većine gornjomiocenskih pijesaka iz jugozapadnog dijela Panonskog bazena za koje je utvrđena alpska provenijencija.The granulometric composition and the composition of the light mineral fraction of two samples of sandy-silty sediments of the Upper Miocene from the Bozara locality near Velika on the southern slopes of Papuk were analyzed. Sample Bzr 1 was determined to be a very poorly sorted sandy silt in which the light mineral fraction is dominated by muscovite and carbonate particles. Rock particles and quartz are also present to a considerable extent. Sample Bzr 2 was also determined to be a very poorly sorted sandy silt. Carbonate particles are most strongly represented in its composition, and rock particles and quartz are also present to a considerable extent. The very poor sorting of the analyzed indicates that it is a structurally immature material, and the abundant presence of carbonate minerals and the low proportion of quartz are indicators of the mineral immaturity of the sediment. The structural and mineralogical immaturity of the sediments is an indicator of their local origin, which distinguishes them from the majority of Upper Miocene sands from the southwestern part of the Pannonian Basin, for which an Alpine origin has been established
Riemann-Rochov teorem i primjene
No full textU ovom radu bavili smo se Riemann-Rochovim teoremom za algebarske krivulje. Uveli smo nužne pojmove iz algebarske geometrije, dokazali teorem i naveli neke njegove primjene. Prvo smo dali kratki uvod u algebarsku geometriju gdje smo definirali afine i projektivne mnogostrukosti, te preslikavanja između njih. Dalje smo se fokusirali specifično na glatke krivulje, tj. nesingularne projektivne mnogostrukosti dimenzije 1. Uveli smo funkcijska polja koja čine kategoriju koja je ekvivalentna kategoriji glatkih krivulja. Pokazali smo kako se tvrdnje o funkcijskim poljima i o krivuljama prevode iz jednog konteksta u drugi. Definirali smo grupu divizora koja je pridružena krivulji i ustanovili osnovna svojstva divizora. Svakom divizoru je pridružen Riemann-Rochov prostor koji je sačinjen od racionalnih funkcija sa zadanim nultočkama i polovima. Definirali smo genus krivulje i ustanovili nekoliko rezultata o Riemann-Rochovim prostorima. Dokazali smo Riemannovu nejednakost koja nam daje relaciju između dimenzije Riemann-Rochovog prostora, stupnja divizora i genusa krivulje. Onda smo uveli prstene adela i Weilove diferencijale da okarakteriziramo indeks specijalnosti i dokažemo Riemann-Rochov teorem koji pojačava Riemannovu nejednakost. Naveli smo primjene Riemann-Rochovog teorema: odredili smo svojstva kanonskog divizora, karakterizirali krivulje genusa 0 s racionalnom točkom do na izomorfizam, dokazali da je svaka eliptička krivulja izomorfna nekoj krivulji zadanoj Weierstrassovom jednadžbom, definirali smo grupni zakon na eliptičkoj krivulji, dokazali smo neke tvrdnje o specijalnim divizorima uključujući Cliffordov teorem.In this thesis, we explore the Riemann-Roch theorem for algebraic curves. We introduced the necessary notions from algebraic geometry, proved the Riemann-Roch theorem, and stated some of its applications. We started with a brief introduction to algebraic geometry, in which we defined affine and projective varieties, and the maps between them. Later we focused specifically on smooth curves, i.e. nonsingular projective varieties of dimension 1. We introduced function fields that form a category, that is equivalent to the category of smooth curves. We demonstrated how statements about function fields and curves can be translated from one context to another. For each curve, we defined the associated divisor group and established some of the basic properties of divisors. To each divisor, there is an associated Riemann-Roch space. It is made up of rational functions with prescribed zeros and poles. We defined the genus of a curve and proved a couple of results about Riemann-Roch spaces. We proved the Riemann inequality, which relates the dimension of a Rimeann-Roch space, the degree of a divisor, and the curve genus. Then, we introduced adele rings and Weil differentials to characterize the index of speciality and prove the Riemann-Roch theorem which improves the Riemann inequality. We stated some applications of the Riemann-Roch theorem: we determined the properties of the canonical divisor, we characterized smooth curves of genus 0 containing a rational point up to isomorphism, we proved that each elliptic curve is isomorphic to a curve defined by Weierstrass equation, we defined the group law on the elliptic curve, and we proved some results about special divisors, including Clifford's theorem
Therapeutic effect of the probiotic strain Limosilactobacillus fermentum (MC1) and its exopolysaccharides on colitis induced by sodium dextran sulfate in female mice
No full textUlcerozni kolitis je kronična, multifaktorna upalna bolest crijeva za koju je karakteristična narušenost crijevne mikrobiote, što pridonosi progresiji upale i razvoju oksidacijskog stresa. Crijevna mikrobiota utječe na lokalne i sustavne imunosne odgovore, zbog čega se istražuje kao moguća terapija u liječenju ulceroznog kolitisa. Cilj rada bio je istražiti terapijski učinak probiotičkog soja bakterije Limosilactobacillus fermentum MC1 i njegovih egzopolisaharida (EPS) na kolitis izazvan natrij dekstran sulfatom (DSS) u miševa kroz praćenje polarizacije makrofaga, patohistoloških, biokemijskih i antioksidacijskih promjena tkiva. Sažimajući podatke možemo zaključiti da probiotički soj bakterije L. fermentum MC1 i njegovi EPS posjeduju protuupalna i antioksidacijska svojstva koja doprinose smanjenju upalnih procesa kod kolitisa u ženki miševa soja C57BL/6, što potvrđuju slijedeći pokazatelji: smanjeni indeks bolesti, smanjeno krvarenje, povećanje hematopoetskih pokazatelja i nedostatak biokemijskih promjena te polarizacija makrofaga prema M2 fenotipu povezana sa smanjenjem upale i displazije uz povećanje popravka i obnove crijevne sluznice te održavanje homeostaze tkiva debelog crijeva. Dobiveni podaci kao i poboljšanje histopatologije tkiva debelog crijeva daju osnovu za daljnja istraživanja moguće primjene probiotičkog soja bakterije L. fermentum MC1 i njegovih EPS u terapiji kolitisa.Ulcerative colitis is a chronic, multifactorial inflammatory bowel disease characterised by a disrupted gut microbiota, contributing to inflammation progression and the development of oxidative stress. The gut microbiota influences both local and systemic immune response, making it a focus of investigation as a potential therapy for ulcerative colitis. The aim of this thesis was to investigate the therapeutic effect of the probiotic strain Limosilactobacillus fermentum MC1 and its exopolysaccharides (EPS) on sodium dextran sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis in mice by monitoring macrophage polarization, pathohistological, biochemical and antioxidative tissue changes. The findings indicate that the probiotic strain L. fermentum MC1 and its EPS exhibit anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties, which contribute to alleviate inflammatory activity and reduce damage in DSS-induced colitis in female C57BL/6 mice. This is supported by the following indicators: reduced disease activity index, decreased bleeding, increased hematopoietic parameters, absence of significant biochemical changes, and macrophage polarization toward the M2 phenotype associated with reduced inflammation and dysplasia, enhanced repair and regeneration of the intestinal mucosa, and maintenance of colon tissue homeostasis. The obtained data, along with improved histopathological findings in colon tissue, provide the basis for further research into the possible application of L. fermentum MC1 and its EPS in colitis therapy
Utjecaj orijentacije koronina izbačaja na dinamiku u međuplanetarnom prostoru
No full textWhen coronal mass ejections (CMEs) propagate through interplanetary space, they interact with the surrounding magnetic field and solar wind, which are neither homogeneous nor isotropic. Consequently, CMEs with different orientations may face varying environmental conditions, leading to different interactions based on their orientation. Our observational studies include remote and in-situ analysis of CMEs. We derived their orientation near Sun using 3D and 2D CME geometry reconstruction methods based on remote observations, as well as their orientation near Earth using a rotational profile of the magnetic field detected in-situ. A complementary simulation study was performed using the EUropean Heliospheric FORecasting Information Asset, a 3D magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) model with two spheromak CMEs, differing only in inclination. In general, we found that plasma flows in front of the CME differ based on orientation, though no significant difference in MHD drag between different orientations was found. These findings enhance our understanding of CME-ambient interactions, which is crucial for advancing space weather predictions.Koronini izbačaji (engl., coronal mass ejections, CMEs) u međuplanetarnom prostoru međudjeluju s okolnim magnetskim poljem i Sunčevim vjetrom, koji ne pokazuju homogenost niti izotropnost. Posljedično, CME-ovi različitih orijentacija nailaze na drugačije uvijete u međuplanetarnom prostoru, stoga njihovo međudjelovanje može ovisiti o orijentaciji CME-ova. Proučavali smo CME-ove različitih orijentacija pomoću daljinskih i in-situ podataka. Orijentacija CME-ova blizu Sunca određena je koristeći metode 3D i 2D rekonstrukcije geometrije iz daljinskih mjerenja. Orijentacija CME-a u blizini Zemlje određena je koristeći rotacijski profil magnetskog polja mjerenog insitu. Komplementarna analiza je provedena pomoću EUropean Heliospheric FORecasting Information Asset, 3D magnetohidrodinamiˇckog (MHD) modela, sa sferomak reprezentacijom dva CME-a koji se razlikuju jedino po orijentaciji. Pokazali smo da tok plazme, neposredno ispred CME-ova, ovisi o orijentaciji istih, međutim značajna razlika u MHD otporu nije pronađena. Ovaj rad doprinosi boljem razumijevanje interakcije između CME-ova i ambijentalog magnetskog polja te Sunčevog vjetra, što je ključno za poboljšanje predikcija u okviru svemirskog vremena (engl. space weather)
Emergence of Long-Range Angular Correlations in Low-Multiplicity Proton-Proton Collisions
No full textThis Letter presents the measurement of near-side associated per-trigger yields, denoted ridge yields, from the analysis of angular correlations of charged hadrons in proton-proton collisions at √=13 TeV. Long-range ridge yields are extracted for pairs of charged particles with a pseudorapidity difference of 1.4<|Δ|<1.8 and a transverse momentum of 1<T<2 GeV/, as a function of the charged-particle multiplicity measured at midrapidity. This Letter extends the measurements of the ridge yield to the low multiplicity region, where in hadronic collisions it is typically conjectured that a strongly interacting medium is unlikely to be formed. The precision of the new low multiplicity results allows for the first direct quantitative comparison with the results obtained in e+e− collisions at √ =91 GeV and √=183–209 GeV, where initial-state effects such as preequilibrium dynamics and collision geometry are not expected to play a role. In the multiplicity range 8 ≲⟨ch⟩ ≲24 where the e+e− results have good precision, the measured ridge yields in collisions are substantially larger than the limits set in e+e− annihilations. Consequently, the findings presented in this Letter suggest that the processes involved in e+e− annihilations do not contribute significantly to the emergence of long-range correlations in collisions
Distribuirane relacijske baze podataka
No full textU radu se bavimo distribuiranim relacijskim bazama podataka. Proučavamo njihove prednosti i mane u odnosu na centralizirane relacijske baze podataka te analiziramo proces distribucije centralizirane relacijske baze podataka kako bismo dobili distribuiranu bazu podataka. Proučavamo postupke primarne horizontalne, izvedene horizontalne te vertikalne fragmentacije. Proučavamo potrebne algoritme i protokole za obradu upita i za slučaj kvara nekih čvorova baze ili komunikacijske mreže. Bavimo se rastavom upita, lokalizacijom podataka, optimizacijom upita i provođenjem upita. Proučavamo algoritme INGRES, R*, te SDD-1. Analiziramo Dvofazni protokol obvezivanja i trofazni protokol obvezivanja te njihove varijante. Primjeri, pomoću kojih prikazujemo neke specifične situacije, su izvedeni iz studijskog primjera koji se nalazi u radu.In this work, we deal with distributed relational databases. We study their advantages and disadvantages compared to centralized relational databases and we analyze the process of distributing a centralized relational database in order to obtain a distributed database. We study procedures of primary horizontal, derived horizontal, and vertical fragmentation. We study the necessary algorithms and protocols for query processing and for the event of failure of some base nodes or the communication network. We deal with query processing, data localization, query optimization and query execution. We study the INGRES, R* and SDD-1 algorithms. We analyze the two-phase commit protocol, the three-phase commit protocol, and their variants. The examples, with which we show some specific situations, are derived from the case study found in
the work
Monitoring the characteristics of osteosarcoma human stem cells during disease progression
No full textOsteosarkom najčešći je primarni tumor kosti, a karakteriziraju ga maligne stanice mezenhimskog porijekla koje stvaraju osteoide. Stopa dugotrajne izliječenosti ovog tumora ponajviše ovisi o prisutnosti metastaza, prvenstveno plućnih i koštanih za vrijeme dijagnoze, koje su ujedno i glavni uzročnik smrti u ovoj bolesti. Sve više istraživanja ističe matične stanice raka, populaciju tumorskih stanica koje imaju sposobnost samoobnove i diferencijacije u sve ostale tumorske stanice kao jedan od glavnih uzročnika otpornosti na kemoterapeutike i povratka bolesti. Iz tih razloga u ovom istraživanju pratili smo promjene u metastatskom potencijalu, rezistenciji na kemoterapeutike i aktivnosti telomeraze u tumorskim matičnim stanicama tijekom progresije bolesti: za vrijeme dijagnoze, nakon prvog ciklusa kemoterapije te nakon recidiva bolesti. Utvrđen je pad u udijelu matičnih stanica raka nakon prvog ciklusa kemoterapije te njegov porast nakon recidiva bolesti što je u korelaciji s metastatskim potencijalom tumora. Nije zabilježena aktivnost telomeraze ni u jednoj fazi bolesti što upućuje na moguću aktivnost alternativnog mehanizma produljenja telomera, što bi trebalo biti ispitano u daljnjim istraživanjima. Osteosarkom je pokazao najmanju rezistenciju na kemoterapeutike neposredno nakon prvog ciklusa kemoterapije.Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone tumor, characterized by malignant cells of mesenchymal origin, which produce osteoid. The percentage of long-term cure rate mostly depends on the presence of metastases, primarily of lung and bone during diagnoses, which are also the main cause of death in this disease. More and more research highlights cancer stem cells, a population of tumor cells that can self-renew and differentiate into all other cancer cells as a main source of chemotherapy resistance and disease recurrence. For these reasons in this research, we monitored the change in metastatic potential, chemotherapy resistance and telomerase activity in cancer stem cells during disease progression: during diagnoses, after the first round of chemotherapy and after disease recurrence. We noticed a decrease in cancer stem cell rate after the first round of chemotherapy along with its rise after the disease recurrence, which correlates with metastatic potential of the tumor. Telomerase activity was not registered in either disease phase, which might point to the activity of the alternative mechanism of telomere elongation, which should be tested in further research. Osteosarcoma showed the least resistance to the chemotherapeutic agents immediatly after the first round of chemotherapy