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Mechanochemical and sonochemical preparation of smallpore zeolites and their modification with cooper
No full textU sklopu ove disertacije pripravljeni su materijali koji pripadaju u tri različite skupine strukturnih tipova zeolita s malim šupljinama (MER, CHA i LTA). Zeoliti MER i CHA po prvi su puta pripravljeni temperaturno kontroliranom mehanokemijskom interzeolitnom pretvorbom. Zeolit tipa LTA pripravljen je sonokemijski prilagodbom otprije poznatih procedura. Također, provedeni su referentni pokusi bez mljevenja i sonikacije. Prilikom mehanokemijskih sinteza provedeno je sistematsko proučavanje utjecaja vremena reakcije, temperature, količine vode i prisutnosti klica kristalnih cjepiva kako bi se proširilo znanje o mehanokemijskoj sintezi zeolita. Nakon sinteze dobiveni produkti podvrgnuti su mehanokemijskoj, sonokemijskoj i klasičnoj ionskoj izmjeni s bakrom te su detaljno proučavane nastale vrste bakra u uzorcima te mogući utjecaji destabilizacije i amorfizacije kristalne strukture zeolita.In the scope of this doctoral thesis three smallpore zeolites were synthetized (MER, CHA and LTA zeolites). MER and CHA-type zeolites were synthetized for the first time utilizing thermally-controllable mechanochemistry via interzeolite conversion. LTA-type zeolite was synthetized via sonochemistry. Reference experiments without milling or sonication were performed. Additionally, during mechanochemical syntheses a systematic study of the effects of reaction time, temperature, water content and the presence of crystal seeds was conducted in an effort to expand the knowledge of mechanochemistry in zeolites. After the synthesis, mechanochemical, sonochemical and solution-based ion-exchange with copper was performed on the synthetized materials. Detailed analysis on the copper species formed and destabilization effects on the zeolite structures was performed
Preparation and supramolecular chemistry of (thio)urea derivatives of calix[4]arenes – complexation of anions, ion pairs, and heterodimerisation reactions
No full textSintetizirana su tri nova (tio)ureidna derivata kaliks[4]arena te je sustavno istražen njihov afinitet prema brojnim anionima u acetonitrilu pri 25 °C. Kombinacijom ITC, NMR i UV spektroskopije ostvarena je detaljna termodinamička karakterizacija vezanja aniona, uzimajući pritom u obzir mogućnost deprotonacije ureidnih skupina. Primijećeno je nastajanje kompleksa različitih stehiometrija, pri čemu su derivati s većim brojem veznih skupina pokazali veći afinitet za vezanje aniona. U većini slučajeva trend stabilnosti kompleksa slijedio je bazičnost aniona. U slučaju iona H2PO4− i HP2O73−, utvrđen je neobično visok afinitet njihovog vezanja s tioureidnim receptorom. Provedeno je i detaljno istraživanje vezanja ionskih parova (NaCl, NaHSO4 i NaH2PO4) na ureido-amidni kaliks[4]aren u acetonitrilu korištenjem brojnih eksperimentalnih metoda i računalnih simulacija molekulske dinamike te je uočena pozitivna kooperativnost. Termodinamički parametri povezani s popratnim procesima, poput stvaranja ionskih parova i precipitacije soli, određeni su različitim metodama što je omogućilo pouzdano određivanje konstanti stabilnosti ternarnih kompleksa. Reakcije heterodimerizacije između kaliksarena koji sadrže deprotonirane karboksilne skupine i ureidnih derivata kaliks[4]arena, detaljno su istražene pomoću UV spektroskopije, 1H NMR, ITC, DOSY, MS i konduktometrije. Pokazalo se da tetraureidni derivat kaliksarena stvara iznimno stabilne heterodimere s diacetatnim kaliks[4]arenom u acetonitrilu. Potvrđeno je da se doseg reakcije stvaranja heterodimera može kontrolirati promjenom stupnja protonacije karboksilnih skupina, odnosno dodatkom kiseline ili baze. Utvrđeno je i da tioureidni kaliksaren posjeduje izraziti afinitet prema srebrovom kationu, pri čemu nastaje kompleks neuobičajene stehiometrije (3:2, kation:receptor).Three novel (thio)ureido calix[4]arene derivatives were synthesized, and their anion-binding properties towards a series of anions were systematically investigated in acetonitrile at 25 °C. A combination of NMR, ITC, and UV spectroscopy was employed synergistically to provide a comprehensive thermodynamic characterization. Thereby, the possibility of proton transfer from receptor to anion was also considered. Complexes of various stoichiometries were identified, and their stabilities were closely related to the number of binding moieties within the receptor and the basicity of the anions. Rather similar binding affinities were determined for urea and thiourea analogues, except in the cases of H2PO4− and HP2O73− whereby the thiourea receptor formed stronger complexes. Further on, a detailed study of ion-pair binding (NaCl, NaHSO4, and NaH2PO4) by a ureido-amide calix[4]arene host in acetonitrile was conducted using multiple experimental techniques, complemented by molecular dynamics simulations, which revealed positive cooperativity. Thermodynamic parameters related to side processes, such as ion pairing and salt precipitation, were also determined, enabling the reliable determination of ternary complex stability constants. Complex formation between complementary calixarenes containing urea and carboxylate functionalities were examined in detail using UV spectroscopy, 1H NMR, ITC, DOSY, MS, and conductometry. The tetraureido calixarene derivative exhibited the highest affinity, forming heterodimers with diacetate- calix[4]arenes almost quantitatively. Furthermore, the extent of heterodimer formation could be controlled by adjusting the protonation degree of carboxylate groups, i.e. by addition of acid or base. Finally, it was found that a thioureido calixarene interacted with silver cation with a remarkably high affinity, forming an unusual complex stoichiometry (3:2, cation:receptor)
The effect of microplastics on human lung cell lines
No full textMikroplastika je sveprisutni zagađivač s potencijalno štetnim učincima na ljudsko zdravlje, osobito na dišni sustav. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je ispitati toksičnost polistirenskih mikroplastičnih sfera promjera 1,5 μm, 5 μm i 10 μm na tri ljudske stanične linije pluća: netumorsku WI-38 te tumorske A549 i H1299. Stanična vijabilnost procijenjena je testom citotoksičnosti nakon tretmana različitim koncentracijama mikroplastike u rasponu 1–1000 μg/mL. Rezultati su pokazali povećanu staničnu proliferaciju pri najvećim koncentracijama mikroplastike i najmanjem promjeru čestica u svim staničnim linijama. Analiza ekspresije ključnih regulatora staničnog ciklusa AKT1, SMG1 i KASPAZE-9 provedena je kako bi se razjasnili mehanizmi koji stoje iza zabilježenih učinaka. Najvažniji nalazi uključuju značajan porast ekspresije AKT1 i smanjenje CASP-9 u A549 stanicama pri tretmanu mikroplastičnim česticama promjera 1,5 μm i koncentracije 100 i 1000 μg/mL i pad ekspresije tumor-supresorskog proteina SMG1 u stanicama WI-38 i H1299 u više uvjeta. Ovakav profil ekspresije proteina upućuje na to da mikroplastične čestice u ispitivanim uvjetima ne djeluju toksično, ne induciraju stanični stres ili apoptozu već potiču signalne puteve povezane s preživljavanjem i proliferacijom stanica.Microplastics are ubiquitous pollutants with potentially harmful effects on human health, particularly on the respiratory system. The aim of this study was to investigate the toxicity of polystyrene microplastic spheres with diameters of 1,5 μm, 5 μm, and 10 μm on three human lung cell lines: the non-tumorigenic WI-38 and the tumorigenic A549 and H1299. Cell viability was assessed using a cytotoxicity test after treatment with various concentrations of microplastics (1–1000 μg/mL). Results showed increased cell viability and proliferation at the highest microplastic concentrations and smallest particle diameters in all cell lines. The analysis of the expression of key cell cycle regulators AKT1, SMG1, and CASPASE-9 was conducted to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the observed effects. The key findings include a significant upregulation of AKT1 and a reduction in CASP-9 activation in A549 cells treated with 1.5 μm microplastic particles at concentrations of 100 and 1000 μg/mL, as well as a decrease in the expression of the tumor suppressor protein SMG1 in WI-38 and H1299 cells under multiple conditions. The detected protein expression profile indicates that, under the examined conditions, polystyrene microplastic particles do not exert toxic effects, induce cellular stress, or trigger apoptosis but rather promote signaling pathways associated with cell survival and proliferation
Synthesis of palladated azobenzenes and their application as catalysts for the Suzuki-Miyaura reaction in the solid state
No full textU ovoj je disertaciji prvi put u čvrstom stanju detaljno proučena Suzuki-Miyaurova reakcija, važna reakcija unakrsnog spajanja. Praćenje u realnom vremenu Ramanovom spektroskopijom in situ te spektroskopskim i difrakcijskim metodama ex situ omogućilo je analizu ključnih parametara reakcije s naglaskom na vrstu i količinu dodataka te su određeni čimbenici koji utječu na uspješnost reakcije u čvrstom stanju. Korištenjem strukturno različitih paladijevih katalizatora utvrđena je bolja katalitička aktivnost spojeva monomerne strukture s halogenidima i N-donornim ligandima. Detaljno je ispitano ponašanje fenilboronske kiseline u prisutnosti organskih baza pri čemu su strukturno okarakterizirani adukti trifenilboroksina i amina te im je ispitana stabilnost i sklonost vezanju amina različite bazičnosti. Razvijena je metoda za pripravu paladocikličkih spojeva aktivacijom veze ugljik-vodik u čvrstom stanju potpomognutom Brønstedovim kiselinama na primjeru derivata azobenzena pri čemu je uočen značajan utjecaj primijenjenih kiselina na brzinu i uspješnost reakcije. Priređeni paladociklički spojevi azobenzena uspješno su katalizirali Suzuki-Miyaurovu i Sonogashirinu reakciju u čvrstom stanju.This thesis presents the first comprehensive study of the solid-state Suzuki-Miyaura reaction. Real-time in-situ monitoring using Raman spectroscopy and ex-situ spectroscopic and diffraction techniques enabled the investigation of key reaction parameters. Varying the type and amount of additives revealed critical factors that govern the efficiency of the solid-state reaction. The use of structurally diverse palladium catalysts showed that monomeric complexes bearing halide anions and nitrogen-donor ligands exhibit superior catalytic activity. The solid- state reactivity of phenylboronic acid in the presence of organic bases was examined. Adducts formed between triphenylboroxine and amines were structurally characterised, and their stability was found to correlate with the basicity of the bound amine. A solid-state method for preparing palladated azobenzenes via Brønsted acid-promoted carbon-hydrogen bond activation was developed, revealing that the choice of acid significantly affects both the rate and the outcome of the reaction. The prepared azobenzene palladacycles were successfully applied as catalysts for the solid-state Suzuki-Miyaura and Sonogashira reactions
Role of DYRK1B protein in carboplatin resistance of ovarian cancer cells
No full textRak jajnika je najsmrtonosniji ginekološki tumor, usprkos stalnom napretku u procjeni rizika,
kemoterapiji i molekularno ciljanim intervencijama. Preliminarni rezultati dobiveni na Institutu
Ruđer Bošković u Laboratoriju za staničnu biologiju i prijenos signala, u grupi dr.sc. Brozović,
pokazali su kako stanične linije raka jajnika otporne na karboplatinu, OVCAR-3 CBP i SKOV-3 CBP imaju smanjenu ekspresiju proteina DYRK1B u odnosu na roditeljsku staničnu
liniju raka jajnika OVCAR-3 odnosno SKOV-3. Cilj ovog diplomskog rada bio je utvrditi ima
li smanjena ekspresija proteina DYRK1B ulogu u otpornosti stanica raka jajnika na CBP. U tu
svrhu uspostavljena je populacija stanica OVCAR-3 CBP s povećanom ekspresijom proteina
DYRK1B; OVCAR-3 CBP pMH-SFB DYRK1B, u kojoj je westernskom metodom otiska
proteina potvrđeno povećanje ekspresije proteina DYRK1B. Nadalje, korištenjem testa za
mjerenje preživljenja stanica utvrđeno je da stanična linija OVCAR-3 CBP pMH-SFB
DYRK1B pokazuje povećanu osjetljivost na tretmane kemoterapeuticima u odnosu na
kontrolnu staničnu liniju OVCAR-3 CBP pMH-SFB. Analiziranjem stanica OVCAR-3 CBP
pMH-SFB DYRK1B svjetlosnim mikroskopom uočeno je da morfološkim izgledom nalikuju
na roditeljsku staničnu liniju OVCAR-3. Usporedbom staničnih linija OVCAR-3 CBP pMHSFB DYRK1B i OVCAR-3-CBP pMH-SFB u kolektivnoj migraciji uočeno je da stanice
OVCAR-3 CBP pMH-SFB DYRK1B migriraju sporije u odnosu na stanice OVCAR-3 CBP
pMH-SFB. Na temelju dobivenih rezultata moguće je zaključiti da povećana ekspresija
DYRK1B povećava osjetljivost stanica na tretman CBP-om te smanjuje migratornu sposobnost
stanica otpornih na CBP.Ovarian cancer has the highest mortality rate among all gynecological cancers, despite
continuous advancements in risk assessment, chemotherapy, and molecularly targeted
interventions. Preliminary results obtained at the Ruđer Bošković Institute, in the Laboratory
for Cell Biology and Signal Transduction, under the supervision of Dr. sc. Brozović, showed
that ovarian cancer cell lines resistant to carboplatin, OVCAR-3 CBP and SK-OV-3 CBP,
exhibited reduced DYRK1B protein expression compared to the parental ovarian cancer cell
lines OVCAR-3 and SK-OV-3, respectively. This thesis aimed to determine whether decreased
DYRK1B protein expression plays a role in ovarian cancer cell resistance to CBP. For this
purpose, the OVCAR-3 CBP cell line with overexpression of DYRK1B was established
OVCAR-3 CBP pMH-SFB DYRK1B and by using the Western blot analysis the increased
expression of DYRK1B protein was confirmed. It was further shown that the OVCAR-3 CBP
pMH-SFB DYRK1B cell line exhibited increased sensitivity to chemotherapy treatments
compared to the control cell line OVCAR-3 CBP pMH-SFB. Light microscopy analysis of
OVCAR-3 CBP pMH-SFB DYRK1B cells revealed that their morphological appearance
resembled that of the parental OVCAR-3 cell line. The importance of DYRK1B protein was in
addition observed after analyzing the OVCAR-3 CBP pMH-SFB DYRK1B and OVCAR-3
CBP pMH-SFB cell lines collective migration revealed that OVCAR-3 CBP pMH-SFB
DYRK1B cells migrate more slowly than OVCAR-3 CBP pMH-SFB cells. Our data show a
possible role of DYRK1B in cell response to CBP and cell migration
The role of miR-16-5p and miR-107 microRNAs in the regulation of BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene expression in high-grade serous ovarian cancer
No full textSerozni rak jajnika visokog stupnja malignosti (HGSOC) najčešći je i najsmrtonosniji podtip
raka jajnika. Često je otkriven u uznapredovanoj fazi zbog izostanka jasnih i ranih simptoma,
ali i nedostatka pouzdanih testova za rano otkrivanje. Glavni cilj ovog diplomskog rada je na
proširenom setu uzoraka tkiva HGSOC i zdravih jajovoda odrediti ekspresiju mikroRNA hsamiR-16-5p i hsa-miR-107 te gena BRCA1 i BRCA2, za koje je utvrđeno da su njihovi ciljni
geni, a čija bi poremećena ekspresija mogla biti uzrokovana poremećenom ekspresijom ovih
mikroRNA. Određena je i dijagnostička vrijednost dobivenih ekspresija u razlikovanju
tumorskog od zdravog tkiva. Osim toga, na staničnoj liniji karcinoma jajnika OVCAR-8
istražen je utjecaj tretmana mimicima i inhibitorima miR-16-5p i miR-107 na ekspresiju gena
BRCA1 i BRCA2. Rezultati su pokazali da je ekspresija gena BRCA2 i obje miRNA značajno
povećana u raku jajnika, te da postoji pozitivna korelacija između ekspresija istraživanih gena,
ali i miRNA, te miR-107 i BRCA2. Ovakav rezultat ujedno ukazuje na moguću povezanost u
regulaciji njihove ekspresije. Najveću dijagnostičku vrijednost pokazale su ekspresije BRCA2 i
miR-107 (AUC > 0,8). Općenito, tretmani mimicima i inhibitorima su pokazali pozitivan
utjecaj na ekspresiju oba gena, pri čemu je tretman inhibitorom miR-107 pokazao jednak utjecaj
kao i mimik.High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is the most common and deadliest subtype of
ovarian cancer. It is often detected at an advanced stage due to the absence of clear and early
symptoms, but also the lack of reliable tests for early detection. The main objective of this thesis
was to determine the expression of microRNAs hsa-miR-16-5p and hsa-miR-107 and BRCA1/2
genes, which were found to be their target genes, on an expanded set of HGSOC tissue samples
and healthy fallopian tubes, and whose impaired expression could be caused by impaired
expression of these microRNAs. The diagnostic value of the obtained expressions in
distinguishing tumor from healthy tissue was also determined. In addition, the influence of
treatment with miR-16-5p and miR-107 mimics and inhibitors on the expression of BRCA1 and
BRCA2 genes was investigated on the OVCAR-8 ovarian cancer cell line. The results showed
that the expression of the BRCA2 gene and both miRNAs was significantly increased in ovarian
cancer, and that there was a positive correlation between expression of investigated genes, but
also miRNAs, and miR-107 and BRCA2. This result also indicates potential connection in the
regulation of their expression. The highest diagnostic values were shown for the expressions of
BRCA2 and miR-107 (AUC > 0.8). Generally, treatments with mimics and inhibitors showed a
positive effect on the expression of both genes, but inhibitor miR-107 treatment showed the
same effect as the mimic
Primjena računarskih modela za simulacije kondenzacije u bateriji
No full textIn this thesis, we try to develop a flexible model for condensation based on the Cahn-Hilliard equation that can be used for a wide range of inital conditions. We start by developing a temperature coupled potential representing the free energy of the system, and implementing it into the appropriate Cahn-Hilliard-Stokes system of equations. Next, we formulate simplified expressions for the density and the viscosity of mixture and add the heat equation to the system for later testing purposes. The system of equations is simulated using FreeFEM++, resulting in four experiments demonstrating different aspects of this condensation model. The results are promising and suggest that the Cahn-Hilliard equation can be used to simulate this phase transition.U ovom diplomskom radu pokušavamo razviti fleksibilan model za kondenzaciju temeljen na Cahn-Hilliardovoj jednadžbi koji se može koristiti za širok raspon početnih uvjeta. Počinjemo razvijanjem temperaturno spregnutog potencijala koji predstavlja slobodnu energiju sustava i implementiramo ga u odgovarajući Cahn-Hilliard Stokesov sustav jednadžbi. Zatim formuliramo pojednostavljene izraze za gustoću i viskoznost smjese i dodajemo toplinsku jednadžbu sustavu za kasnije potrebe testiranja. Sustav jednadžbi je simuliran korištenjem FreeFEM++, što je rezultiralo s četiri eksperimenta koji pokazuju različite aspekte ovog modela kondenzacije. Rezultati su obećavajući i sugeriraju da se Cahn-Hilliardova jednadžba može koristiti za simulaciju ovog faznog prijelaza
The use of unmanned aerial vehicles in geomorphological research of the small stream beds
No full textFluvijalni reljef jedan je od najzastupljenijih morfogenetskih tipova reljefa u Republici Hrvatskoj. Za istraživanje geomorfologije manjih tekućica dostupne kartografske podloge nisu dovoljno detaljne (karte presitnog mjerila). Cilj diplomskog rada primijeniti je
bespilotnu letjelicu (tzv. dron) s RGB kamerom za prikupljanje kvalitetnih podataka o geomorfologiji manjeg vodenog toka. Područje istraživanja je potok Svibanj u blizini Jastrebarskog. Područje istraživanja podijeljeno je na šire i uže istraživano područje. Na širem istraživanom području na temelju dostupnih podataka i podloga provedene su morfometrijske analize drenažnog bazena, drenažne mreže i korita potoka Svibanj. Na užem istraživanom području provedene su morfometrijske analize dijela korita na temelju ortofoto karte i digitalnog modela površine (DSM) dobivenih na temelju snimaka prikupljenih bespilotnom letjelicom. Novo stanje korita uspoređeno je sa starim stanjem koje se temelji na podatcima s Hrvatske osnovne karte (HOK). Također, na užem istraživanom području opisani su osnovni fluvijalni procesi i antropogeni utjecaji. Istraživanjem su dobivene nove spoznaje o geomorfološkim obilježjima potoka Svibanj, posebice obilježjima korita. Isto tako, uočene su prednosti i nedostatci korištenja bespilotne letjelice u ovakvim istraživanjima.Fluvial relief is one of the most prevalent morphogenetic type of relief in the Republic of Croatia. For researching the geomorphology of small streams, the available cartographic bases are not sufficiently detailed (small scale maps). The aim of this thesis is to utilize an unmanned aerial vehicle (commonly known as a drone) with an RGB camera to gather high – quality data on the geomorphology of a small watercourse. The area of research is the Svibanj stream near Jastrebarsko. The research area is divided into a wider and a narrower research area. In the wider research area, based on available data and maps, morphometric analyses of the drainage basin, drainage network and stream bed of stream Svibanj were conducted. In the narrower research area morphometric analyses of a part of the stream bed were conducted based on orthophoto map and digital surface model (DSM) obtained from images collected by an unmanned aerial vehicle. The new condition of the stream bed was compared with the old condition, which is based on data from the Croatian Base Map (HOK). In the narrower research area basic fluvial processes and anthropogenic influences are also described. The research provided new knowledge about the geomorphological characteristics of the Svibanj stream, especially the characteristics of its stream bed. Also, the advantages and disadvantages of using an unmanned aerial vehicle in such researches have been observed
The effect of high temperature cultivation on the bioactivity of broccoli sprouts (Brassica oleracea convar. botrytis) extracts during in vitro model of human digestion
No full textVisoke temperature značajno mijenjaju sadržaj metabolita u biljkama, nutritivnu vrijednost te
biološke učinke ekstrakata biljaka. Cilj ovog rada bio je istražiti učinak visoke temperature
uzgoja (38°C dan, 33°C noć) na koncentraciju različitih skupina i pojedinačnih spojeva u
klijancima brokule (Brassica oleracea convar. botrytis) prije i tijekom in vitro simulirane
probave, kao i na njihov antioksidacijski i antiglikacijski, te potencijal inhibicije enzima αamilaze, α-glukozidaze i lipaze. Visoka temperatura uzgoja povećala je udio i biodostupnost
ukupnih fenolnih spojeva, flavonoida, flavonola, fenolnih i hidroksicimetnih kiselina u
klijancima brokule, no rezultati su varirali ovisno o fazama probave. Na pojedinačne fenolne
spojeve visoka temperatura uzgoja djelovala je značajnim sniženjem udjela vitamina C,
povećanjem ferulične kiseline te kvercetina, dok na udio kempferola nije utjecala.
Antioksidacijski potencijal ekstrakata klijanaca brokule porastao je prije probave mjeren
metodom ABTS, dok je metoda DPPH pokazala obrnuti učinak. Visoka temperatura uzgoja
smanjila je sposobnost ekstrakata da inhibiraju aktivnost enzima α-amilaze, povećala
sposobnost inhibicije aktivnostienzima α-glukozidaze i glikacije proteina, nonakon probave
rezultati su varirali ovisno o fazi probave i metodi mjerenja. Zaključujem da visoka
temperatura uzgoja znatno može pridonijeti kvaliteti prehrane klijancima kupusnjača, no
potrebne su detaljnije analize.High temperatures significantly change metabolites content in plants, nutritional value and
biological effects of plant extracts. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of high
growing temperature (38°C day, 33°C night) on the concentration of different groups and
individual compounds in broccoli seedlings (Brassica oleracea convar. botrytis) before and
during in vitro simulated digestion, as well as on their antioxidant, antiglycation and
inhibition potential of α-amylase, α-glucosidase and lipase enzymes. High cultivation
temperature increased the proportion and bioavailability of total phenolic compounds,
flavonoids, flavonols, phenolic and hydroxycinnamic acids in broccoli sprouts, but the results
varied depending on the stages of digestion. The high growing temperature affected individual
phenolic compounds by significantly reducing the content of vitamin C, increasing ferulic
acid and quercetin, while the content of kaempferol was not affected. The antioxidant
potential of broccoli sprout extracts increased before digestion measured by the ABTS
method, while the DPPH method showed the opposite effect. High cultivation temperature
reduced the ability of extracts to inhibit α-amylase enzyme activity, increased the ability to
inhibit α-glucosidase enzyme activity and protein glycation, but after digestion the results
varied depending on the digestion phase and measurement method. Therefore, high growing
temperature can significantly contribute to the quality of cabbage seedlings, but more detailed
analyzes are needed
Preferred body temperature and the evaporative water loss of the wall gecko (Tarentola mauritanica) and the Dalmatian Algyroides (Algyroides nigropunctatus) in laboratory conditions
No full textTermoregulacija i gubitak vode isparavanjem važni su fiziološki procesi za sve vrste gmazova jer
su izravno povezani s njihovim preživljavanjem. Cilj ovoga rada bio je u laboratorijskim uvjetima
utvrditi postoje li razlike u odabiru preferiranih tjelesnih temperatura i stopi gubitka vode
isparavanjem kod odraslih, muških jedinki dviju mediteranskih vrsta guštera koji zauzimaju
različite ekološke niše. Vrsta Algyroides nigropunctatus rasprostranjena je na zasjenjenim i
vlažnim staništima, a vrsta Tarentola mauritanica obitava na suhim, sunčanim staništima. Rezultati
istraživanja ukazali su na veće stope gubitka vode isparavanjem i relativno visoke preferirane
tjelesne temperature malog raspona u vrste A. nigropunctatus. S druge strane, kod vrste T.
mauritanica zabilježene su niže stope gubitka vode isparavanjem i niže preferirane tjelesne
temperature većeg raspona vrijednosti. Preferirana tjelesna temperatura i gubitak vode
isparavanjem vezani su uz filogeniju, ali i fiziologiju vrste te su ovisni o tipu staništa i mogu biti
određeni posebnim prilagodbama kao što je drugačija propusnost kože. Bez obzira na relativno
dobro poznavanje temperaturnih učinaka na ranjivost vrsta, učinak gubitka vode nije dovoljno
istražen. Dosadašnji rezultati istraživanja istaknuli su potrebu za daljnjim istraživanjem jer obje
vrste ukazuju na specifične mehanizme u svrhu regulacije gubitka vode i odabira preferirane
temperature koje nisu sasvim razjašnjene.Thermoregulation and evaporative water loss are important physiological processes for all reptile
species as they are directly related to their survival. The aim of this work was to determine in
laboratory conditions whether there are differences in the selection of preffered body temperatures
and the rate of evaporation water loss in adult, male individuals of two Mediterranean species of
lizards that occupy different ecological niches. The species Algyroides nigropunctatus is
distributed in shaded and relatively humid habitats, and the species Tarentola mauritanica lives in
dry, sunny habitats. The results of the study indicated higher rates of evaporation water loss and
relatively high preferred body temperatures with low variations in the species A. nigropunctatus.
On the other hand, in the species T. mauritanica, were recorded lower rates of evaporation water
loss and lower preferred body temperatures of a larger range of values. Preferred body temperature
and evaporative water loss are related to phylogeny, but also physiology and are dependent on the
type of habitat and may be determined by special adaptations such as different skin permeability.
Despite the relatively good cognition of temperature effects on species vulnerability, the effect of
water loss has not been sufficiently investigated. The research results so far have highlighted the
need for further research because both species indicate specific mechanisms for the purpose of
regulating water loss and choosing a preferred temperature that are not fully clarified