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Ilmastonmuutoksen vaikutukset mielenterveyteen
No full textTutkimuksen lähtökohdat: Ilmastonmuutos vaikuttaa maailmanlaajuisesti ihmisten mielenterveyteen. Nämä vaikutukset voivat olla suoria, kuten sääolosuhteiden äkillisten muutosten aiheuttamat traumaattiset kokemukset, tai epäsuoria, kuten yleinen huoli ilmastonmuutoksesta sekä elinympäristön hitaat muutokset ja niihin liittyvä taloudellinen ja sosiaalinen epävarmuus. Tässä katsauksessa tarkastellaan ilmastonmuutoksen yhteyksiä mielenterveyteen.
Menetelmät: Narratiivisessa kirjallisuuskatsauksessa tarkastellaan vuosina 2019–2025 julkaistuja systemaattisia katsauksia ja meta-analyyseja, sekä muita tutkimuksia, joissa tutkittiin ilmastonmuutoksen aiheuttamien sääolosuhteiden muutosten ja sään ääri-ilmiöiden suoria ja epäsuoria vaikutuksia mielenterveyteen.
Tulokset: Tulokset osoittavat, että ilmastonmuutos on yhteydessä lisääntyneisiin mielenterveysongelmiin. Erityisesti ahdistuneisuus, masennus, traumaperäinen stressi ja ympäristöön liittyvä eksistentiaalinen huoli ovat yleisiä. Vaikutukset ovat voimakkaimpia yhteiskunnallisesti haavoittuvissa ryhmissä, kuten taloudellisesti heikossa asemassa olevilla, syrjäseuduilla asuvilla ja ihmisillä, jotka asuvat maissa, joissa kohdataan suoria ympäristökatastrofeja.
Päätelmät: Ilmastonmuutoksen aiheuttamat ilmiöt, kuten äärimmäiset sääolot, luonnonkatastrofit ja pitkäaikaiset elinympäristön muutokset asettavat merkittävän uhan ihmisten psyykkiselle hyvinvoinnille. Erityisen haavoittuvassa asemassa ovat ryhmät, jotka kärsivät suoraan ilmastonmuutoksen taloudellisista, sosiaalisista tai terveydellisistä vaikutuksista. Ilmastonmuutoksen hillitsemisen lisäksi tarvitaan kohdennettuja mielenterveyttä tukevia strategioita, jotka vahvistavat yksilöiden ja yhteisöjen selviytymiskykyä muuttuvassa elinympäristössä
Relevance and the Future of Intellectual Capital Management in the Public Sector
No full textThe public sector is among the least addressed areas in intellectual capital (IC) research, and in this chapter, our aim is to better understand the specific needs of the public sector context regarding IC management. We argue that by better understanding these contextual characteristics, it is possible to develop both the theory and practice of IC. Our analysis shows that most IC research does not justify its choice of the public sector as its context. The reasons evinced in those studies choosing the public sector were mainly related to the use of public funding to create public value, a strong claim for transparency, the complexity of objectives, and, more recently, the ecosystemic role of the public sector and its obligation to support sustainable development. The central argument of the chapter is the need to better understand the special characteristics of public value creation when applying IC theory in the public sector to support the management of public organizations and in managing public services
The Relationship Between Linguistic Challenges and Patient Safety, and Implemented Support Strategies in Nursing: A Systematic Mixed-Methods Review
No full textShould adult children care for their aging parents? Attitudes toward filial obligation in Yle's online discussion
No full textEffects of biochar, hydrochar and nitrogen fertilization on greenhouse gas fluxes, soil organic carbon pools, and biomass yield of a boreal legume grassland
No full textChar amendment is an option to lower climatic impact of agricultural soils. However, their effect can vary depending on char and soil properties, vegetation type and their interactions. Nutrient poor and acidic soils of boreal region could benefit from char amendment. We conducted a three-month long mesocosm study representing a typical boreal forage-legume grassland to understand the effects of char application on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, soil organic carbon (SOC) pools and biomass yield. We examined biochar and hydrochar for changes in soil properties, gross nitrogen transformation rates, SOC and its fractions, biomass yield and all three major GHG fluxes. We assessed our results from two different perspectives; one, when chars were added at a uniform rate with fertilizer nitrogen (N) following the farmer’s practice and two, when chars were added based on the char C amount without fertilizer N. We show that only N2O emissions (not CO2 and CH4) were affected when chars were added at a uniform rate with fertilizer N. Biochar increased N2O emissions significantly compared to control whereas hydrochar restricted N2O relative to control and lowered significantly compared to biochar treatments. Biochar with N amendment significantly increased gross NO3− production (gross nitrification) and N2O emissions, indicating a linkage between increased nitrifier activity and N2O emissions. Hydrochar with N amendment showed lower gross nitrification rates and N2O emissions, indicating a reduced nitrifier activity and N2O emissions compared to biochar. Interestingly, hydrochar without N amendment showed lowest N2O emissions with few N2O uptake events and similar gross NO3− consumption and production rates, hinting an enhanced soil N2O reduction/sink mechanism, especially with actively photosynthesizing vegetation. Both chars increased soil particulate organic C (POC) significantly mainly owing to both chars themselves being carbon. The mineral associated organic C (MAOC) remained unaltered. Interestingly, we found significantly lower soil MAOC per unit of char C with biochar than with hydochar amendment, especially when endpoint soil MAOC was compared with initial soil MAOC. Our results suggest that destabilization of MAOC increased more with biochar than with hydrochar, especially with N fertilization and in the presence of actively photosynthesizing vegetation. This was further supported by a significantly greater rise in microbial biomass carbon with hydrochar than with biochar amendment. The total biomass yield remained unaffected. However, biochar with the applied N reduced the timothy grass yield compared to control, implying a reduced uptake of applied N by timothy. Our results shed light on the complex interactions among chars, soil, vegetation and N management. Therefore, future studies should focus on assessing the char amendment impacts including both plant and soil and at the whole agricultural field scale. Chars manufactured from diverse feedstocks need to be investigated for their impacts in diverse agricultural ecosystems, paving the way for their large-scale use
From Static Deterrence to Adaptive Resilience: The Value of Borderland Innovation
No full textThis concluding chapter synthesises insights from a comprehensive volume examining NATO’s strategic transformation following Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022. The analysis reveals a paradigmatic shift from static deterrence towards adaptive resilience, recognising that contemporary security challenges – characterised by hybrid threats, strategic ambiguity, and grey-zone warfare – cannot be adequately addressed through conventional military deterrence alone. Drawing upon comparative case studies from NATO’s borderlands, the volume demonstrates how these regions have evolved from vulnerable peripheries into strategic laboratories for security innovation. Borderland territories possess unique adaptive capacities developed through sustained exposure to geopolitical volatility, offering invaluable experiential knowledge essential for broader Alliance security. The chapters collectively establish that effective resilience operates as a dynamic, networked process manifest through societal adaptation, institutional learning, and community empowerment. Rather than merely complementing traditional deterrence, resilience has emerged as its fundamental precondition. The borderland experience illustrates that deterrence in the twenty-first century requires integrated responses combining institutional capacity with community agency, sustained investment across multiple societal levels, and the cultivation of democratic values as active instruments of strategic defence
Hyaluronan metabolism in renal cell carcinoma : a histopathological and transcriptomic study
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