83308 research outputs found
Sort by
Hirshfeld surface and fingerprint plot analysis of non-covalent interaction (NCI) in Cu<sup>II</sup> −based catecholase models
No full textUnderstanding of molecular packing is one of the favorable modes to study the mechanistic behavior of a supramolecular system. The present study aims in analyzing the molecular packing and supramolecular arrangement of Cu+2-catecholase system [C13H13BrCuN4O2 (System A) C14H17BrCuN4O3 (System B) and C20H36Cl2Cu2N4O11 ((System C)] with variable auxiliary groups. These systems are well studied for their reversible binding with oxygen and catalytic property towards oxidation of ortho-diphenol. The primary novelty of such study is elucidating the architecture of auxiliary part of the system whose influence is studied but not understood in terms of the molecular packing. The respective supramolecular arrangement of the Cu (II) systems having such auxiliary part is reported herein which illustrates the interaction efficacy with macromolecules like proteins. The respective non covalent interactions (NCI) of aforementioned three antiferromagnetic Cu (II) species are reported using Hirsfeld analyses which also helps in the correlation of structure–property interaction.</p
p62 limits <i>Salmonella </i>Typhimurium in macrophages through its role in cell signalling
No full textThe intracellular autophagy receptor p62 (also known as Sqstm1) plays a dual role in autophagic flux and downstream Toll-like receptor (TLR) signalling and has been implicated in modulating immune responses. However, its specific function in controlling intracellular bacterial survival, particularly in macrophages, remains less well characterized. Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Tm) is a major global pathogen and a leading cause of gastroenteritis-associated morbidity. We have previously demonstrated that host restriction of S. Tm in macrophages involves the GTPase Rab32 and the BLOC-3 complex. In the present study, we identify a novel interaction between p62 and Rab32. Notably, p62 restricts Salmonella survival independently of the Rab32/BLOC-3 pathway. Indeed, p62-knockdown in macrophages resulted in a significantly increased intracellular bacterial survival, an effect that did not correlate with altered recruitment of canonical autophagy-related proteins, as assessed by fluorescence microscopy. Through RT-qPCR and infection assays, we further show that p62-depleted macrophages exhibit a dampened pro-inflammatory response, which corresponds with the increased bacterial burden. These findings provide new mechanistic insight into the role of p62 in modulating the macrophage inflammatory response during Salmonella infection, highlighting its contribution to host defense beyond its canonical functions in autophagy
Towards a habit-rupture model of intergroup contact in everyday settings
No full textAccording to intergroup contact theory, meaningful interactions between members of different social identity groups can lead to decreases in prejudice. However, the literature on intergroup contact has generally emphasized contact-based interventions that involve positive contact experiences in highly controlled environments like research laboratories or classrooms, or infrequent intimate intergroup contact experiences, like intergroup friendships. In this Perspective, we review the literature on how intergroup contact manifests in everyday settings, which challenges established views that contact is readily available, positive and leads to consistently positive within-person changes. We describe how variations in contact valence and environmental affordances for self-selection influence individual- and macro-level segregation dynamics, which create conditions for stable trajectories of contact and intergroup bias, or contact habits. We then propose a habit–rupture model of contact, according to which changes in intergroup relations through lifespan and macro-level disruptions act as ruptures, leading to the development of new contact habits. Considering contact and its effects through a habit and rupture lens identifies realistic and ecologically valid opportunities to apply intergroup contact in the service of the social good
Nitrogen in strongly peraluminous granites reveals a significant increase in biomass burial and O<sub>2</sub> production prior to the Neoproterozoic oxygenation event
No full textStrongly Peraluminous Granites (SPGs) are mostly formed by the partial melting of Al-rich sedimentary rocks and can reflect the chemical properties of their sedimentary protoliths. Recent work suggests that the nitrogen content ([N]) of SPGs preserve changes in biomass burial over time (Mikhail et al., 2024). This mechanism occurs because in unaltered samples, SPGs with elevated [N] are thought to reflect the elevated [N] of their sedimentary protolith, and this additional nitrogen would come from sediment-hosted biomass. This archive reveals an increase in biomass burial by a factor of 5- to 8-fold between 1.4–0.5 Ga. In this study, we analysed the nitrogen abundances and isotopic values of SPG samples from 1.0 to 0.7 Ga to better resolve the period when biomass burial increased. We find that SPG [N] increases 2.4-fold across the Mesoproterozoic-Neoproterozoic boundary at 1.0 Ga and 2.8-fold across the Neoproterozoic-Phanerozoic boundary at 0.5 Ga. Therefore, with consideration of the time lag from biomass burial to SPG formation, we suggest that biomass burial first began to increase in the late Mesoproterozoic. Biomass burial removes organic carbon, a reductant, from Earth’s surface, causing a net production of O2. Therefore, these data permit us to calculate an increase in O2 production from biomass burial starting in the Mesoproterozoic, yielding an additional 6.3 × 1020 to 30 × 1020 moles of O2 throughout the Neoproterozoic, possibly contributing to the Neoproterozoic Oxygenation Event and to the chain of events which resulted in an environment capable of supporting animal life in the Cambrian
Water circulation, redox, and productivity dynamics shaped late Ediacaran ecosystems: Insights from trace elements and combined Sr-Cr-Cd isotopes in the Corumbá Group, Brazil
No full textThe relationship between marine oxygenation and early animal evolution remains a highly debated topic. Recent research suggests that, rather than absolute atmospheric O2 threshold levels, the main factor controlling early animal distribution was long-term local marine redox conditions. To explore this hypothesis, we present trace element data along with Sr, Cr, and Cd isotopes in carbonate rocks from the late Ediacaran Corumbá Group, Brazil, obtained from drill cores of the GRIND-ECT project. This multiproxy approach is designed to constrain basin water circulation, redox conditions, and bioproductivity levels from ca. 565 to 540 Ma, ultimately aiming to reconstruct the paleoceanographic scenario in which early animal colonization occurred in the Corumbá Basin. Redox-sensitive metal abundances indicate a contrasting redox scenario, with predominant anoxia in the Bocaina Formation and expanded oxia in the overlying Tamengo Formation. This interpretation is further reinforced by Cr isotopes, whereby δ53Cr passes from low values in the range of Bulk Silicate Earth to positively fractionated values upsection. Two negative δ53Cr excursions in the Tamengo Formation are interpreted as anoxic intervals. 87Sr/86Sr values decrease from 0.7100 in the Bocaina Formation to late Ediacaran values around 0.7085 in the Tamengo Formation. These radiogenic values in the Bocaina Formation are attributed to post-depositional diagenesis of Sr-depleted dolostones. Lastly, variable δ114Cd in the Bocaina Formation indicate contrasting productivity levels during highstand and flooding periods. The two anoxic intervals in the Tamengo Formation exhibit anomalous negative δ114Cd values, which may be linked to widespread eutrophication. Our study, combined with compilations of redox and fossil data, reveals that the Corumbá Basin evolved from a predominantly anoxic setting dominated by microfossils in the Bocaina Formation, to a connected marine setting in the Tamengo Formation. This later phase featured a deeper redoxcline and was dominated by fossils of biomineralizing animals, representing a near-optimal environment for early animal benthic colonization
Diisopropyl(6-(phenyl(phenylthio)arsaneyl)-1,2- dihydroacenaphthylen-5-yl)phosphane
No full textPeri-substituted bis(tertiary) phosphine-arsine Acenap(PiPr2)(As(SPh)Ph) (4, Acenap = acenaphthene-5,6-diyl) was synthesized by the reaction of the chloroarsine (PiPr2)(AsPhCl) with PhSLi. The X-ray crystal structure of this compound reveals an intramolecular P···As–Cl pnictogen bond, with the phosphorus lone pair donating into the As–S σ* orbital
Examining the Evidence on Place-Based Research Partnerships: Towards a Set of Principles for Successful Partnerships
No full textThis evidence review brings together academic and practice‑based literature to understand what makes place‑based research partnerships work effectively. It identifies the outcomes these partnerships can deliver, the infrastructure and systems that support success, the skills and expertise required, and the behaviours and values that underpin strong collaboration. The review also highlights major gaps in existing evidence, particularly around early‑stage setup, evaluation, and translating principles into practice
Supporting education-focused careers in management education
No full textIn this essay, we consider the development challenges and opportunities for education-focused management educators who specialize in teaching and learning. We provide support to address the challenges and stimulate debate on how opportunities can be maximized and recognized. The heart of our contribution is constructing a three-step framework that addresses the challenges and opportunities by outlining practices for discerning an educator's vocation, activities for individual self-development, and approaches to community building. These elements provide a reflexive framework for career development, which can be used as a ‘textual partner’ by those who lack sufficient opportunities for guidance and exploration, often due to limited resources. Adaptively working with the steps in our framework will provide practical options to help education-focused management educators craft their career paths in ways that bestsupport their sense of vocation
Access Repository Dashboard
Do you manage University of St. Andrews - Pure? Access insider analytics, issue reports and manage access to outputs from your repository in the CORE Repository Dashboard!