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THE EFFECT OF BIKE LANES ON COMMUTING PATTERNS AND NON-COMMUTING PERSPECTIVES IN CITIES
No full textThis dissertation studies how bike lanes affect cities on commuting and non-commuting margins. The first chapter analyzes the impact of bike lanes on commuting behavior, including mode shares, commuting flows, and travel times. Using data from Seattle spanning 2000 to 2012, this chapter employs several reduced-form estimations. Instrumental variable regressions reveal that the provision of bike lanes reduces car mode shares but does not significantly affect bike mode shares. By introducing a novel treatment variable that captures both the proximity and coverage of bike lanes, I find that bike lanes encourage more people to commute by bike, but also contribute to increased car congestion. The effects are heterogeneous: paved bike lanes significantly influence commuting patterns, while shared bike lanes exhibit no effect. A hedonic analysis further shows that bike lanes are capitalized into higher housing prices, reflecting the positive overall preference for bike lanes. The second chapter focuses on the non-commuting effects of bike lanes. I calibrate a Quantitative Spatial Model (QSM) with a nested logit commuting cost structure and estimate the commuting cost elasticity parameter and Frechet parameter in the model using aggregate market level data. By recovering amenity fundamentals from observed commuting patterns and housing prices, I find that bike lanes have heterogeneous effects on local amenities. Counterfactual simulations indicate that expanding the bike lane network reduces aggregate welfare, as the increase in congestion outweighs the gains in amenity fundamentals. Moreover, the magnitude of the welfare change is considerably smaller than bike lane construction costs
Estimation and Testing in a Fixed Effects Panel Data Model with Serially Correlated Error Component Disturbances
Get PDFThis paper revisits the fixed effects panel data model with AR(1) remainder disturbances and provides a bias corrected estimator for the serial correlation coefficient based on first differencing the panel regression to get rid of the fixed effects. This bias corrected estimator builds upon the estimator proposed by Han and Phillips (2010). Asymptotic properties as well as Monte Carlo results are provided that show the better performance of this new proposed bias corrected estimator. This is extended to the unbalanced panel data case and also illustrated using the empirical application in Donohue and Levitt (2001)
Reimagining Military-to-Civilian Transition: Addressing Barriers and Building Solutions
Get PDFThis brief highlights key findings from IVMF research, outlines IVMF policy priorities, showcases the impact of Onward to Opportunity (O2O), and emphasizes the importance of stronger collaboration across public, private, nonprofit, and education sectors. Our goal is to inform decision-making and drive actionable solutions that reduce barriers to successful transition, improve long-term stability, and create meaningful career pathways for those who have served
THE FORMATION AND CONTROL OF WRINKLING TOPOGRAPHIES ON 4D PRINTED SUBSTRATES
No full textMechanical instability-driven wrinkling atop shape memory polymer (SMP) substrates is a cost-effective surface patterning alternative to soft lithography that offers spatiotemporal control of surface topography for applications in thin film metrology, biomimicry, microfluidics, and cell studies. The wrinkle morphologies demonstrated to date have been predominantly simple aligned wrinkles on the surface of 2D geometries, so there remains a need for a straightforward SMP strain programming strategy that can achieve simple and complex wrinkle morphologies on 2D and 3D geometries. To address this need, we integrated a single-step SMP fabrication approach, programming via printing (PvP), with mechanical-instability-driven wrinkling to fabricate 2D and 3D substrates and achieve robust spatial control of wrinkle topography and morphology. This strategy achieved cytocompatible and tunable wrinkles on 2D and 3D geometries as well as simple aligned and complex (crumpled) wrinkle morphologies. By forming wrinkles on PvP substrates, cost-effective and straightforward fabrication of wrinkles was achieved, providing a method for cheap and easy modification of surface properties like surface roughness, friction, wetting, and optics with potential application in diverse fields
Systoles of Graphs with Small Betti Number
No full textSystole bounds on graphs provide a combinatorial approach to establishing geometric bounds on a special class of torus representations. This implication, which arises through a connection with invariants of regular matroids, is explored in recent work by Kennard, Wiemeler, and Wilking, where it is applied to problems in Riemannian geometry. In this thesis, we analyze the systoles of cubic graphs with small Betti number and prove optimal upper bounds that depend on the Betti number and girth of the graph, refining previous results. Cubic graphs are particularly important in this work because they represent the extreme cases. Our approach uses improved recursive estimates and also includes direct computation and classification arguments in cases where the recursive bounds are not optimal. Our method is also self-contained and independent of non-trivial results from topological graph theory that were applied in the work of Kennard, Wiemeler, and Wilking. Our detailed calculations also result in several rigidity results for cubic graphs
American Cosmopolitans: Tourism, Empire, and Blockbuster Film
No full textThis dissertation investigates representations of American tourists traveling abroad in popular American films and serial publications from 1945 to present. Such representations have produced an ideology of “American cosmopolitanism,” a term I use to describe an American national identity that is conspicuously connected to and knowledgeable about the world but firmly rooted in American exceptionalism. While it is common to define the “cosmopolitan” by its opposition to the national, American cosmopolitanism contradictorily maintains both identities, indicating that to be American is to be already global. I argue that the naturalization of this American cosmopolitanism with references to the innocence, ruggedness, and multiculturalism of the American tourist have played a key role in the ideological formation of contemporary American empire. By articulating the historical roots of American cosmopolitanism through the visible but undertheorized archive of the Hollywood blockbuster, I track how the tension between American cosmopolitanism and nationalism has been represented and mitigated through the figure of the American tourist. With particular attention given to the pejorative stereotype of the “Ugly American” and the various rhetorical moves that filmmakers and cultural critics have used to distance the American tourist from it, I analyze how cinematic representations have interfaced with larger cultural and political concerns like the postwar Marshall Plan, the late-Cold War “Vietnam Syndrome,” and contemporary neoliberal fantasies of transforming space into time. As such, this dissertation contributes to three scholarly areas at the intersections of American Studies and Film and Media Studies: the representation of the global within cinema, the influence of popular media on national identity, and the tension between cosmopolitanism and nationalism within the figure of the tourist
Thank You For Your Service?
Get PDFIn this paper, Thank You for Your Service? I discuss my military service\u27s impact on my artistic practice, conflict images, and how artists use abstraction to create a more authentic expression using the themes of war and conflict. This paper is divided into chapters that discuss my influences and the work I have made concerning exploring memory culminating in frustration, anger, and violence, which led to emotional withdrawal and physical stress from my military service experiences. I use collage and installation to articulate these themes
Existing Now in Space and Time: In a Body with Limits on Both
Get PDFKirstin Dunlap’s work is deeply rooted in her understanding of the personal connection between the body and the Earth. Every individual’s life experience is shaped by their relationship with these two bodies—both of which undergo growth, erosion, and decay processes. For Dunlap, there is a striking similarity between these two realms: both are places of tension, where struggles for survival unfold. She sees herself in the fringes of the Earth, in areas where natural forces collide. This conflict mirrors a personal battle within her own body, where her immune system mistakenly attacks itself, resulting in a body that is progressively disabling itself
Breaking Boundaries: Memory and Female Identity
Get PDFMy artistic practice revolves around material exploration and transformation. Initially, I focused on wearable metal jewelry, as its precision and independent craftsmanship allowed me to express the strength of female identity. Inspired by Mindy Herrin-Lewis’s use of micro-sculpting and her integration of ceramics and metal enameling, I began incorporating color, texture, and layered surfaces to express emotion and personal narrative. By merging metal, enamel, ceramics, and found objects, I create contemporary jewelry and sculptural pieces that bridge traditional craftsmanship with modern storytelling. This thesis explores how art serves as a tool for reshaping identity and reclaiming autonomy. In navigating the tensions between Chinese and American cultural traditions, societal expectations, and personal freedom, art provides a space for both expression and reflection, allowing me to break free from constraints and redefine female identit
Commonplace Revelations: Quaker Women Amid Reformation and Revolution in 1770s Pennsylvania
Get PDFThis thesis looks to further our understanding of the Quaker experience in Pennsylvania in the 1770s amidst the Quaker reformation and American Revolution. By including the voice of Quaker Women through their commonplace books, the period is highlighted as one of negotiation and fear, as Quakers struggled to realign themselves within stricter Quaker doctrine whilst fearing disownment and exile at the hands of Quakers and non-Quakers. Due to increased surveillance, many felt strain on their families and friendships, fearing their possible dissolution and the possibility of being perceived as failing to practice Quaker values. Over the course of three chapters focusing on Religion, Politics, and Community, this thesis highlights the experiences and reactions of Quaker women to the Quaker reformation and American Revolution