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(A) basic study for the development of Integrated Seakeeping Performance Evaluation System on board the ship
Full text linkA basic study for the development of Integrated Seakeeping Performance Evaluation System on board the ship
From a ship's safe operation point of view, it is very important to estimate the navigational safety in a seaway.
The seakeeping performance can be defined as the ability of a ship to go to sea, and to accomplish its missions successfully and safely even in adverse environmental conditions.
There are several factors presently adopted for evaluating seakeeping performance. But a hardware of the system considering all these factors has not been developed since some of them can not be measured by sensors.
In this paper, a synthetic method of evaluating navigational safety is developed by measuring the vertical and lateral acceleration.
An experiment by using real measuring carried out on board the T/S 'HANNARA'. The equipment was measured every 4 hours for more than 30 minutes the acceleration by accelerometer, analyzed its acceleration values and calculated navigational dangerousness.
As the results of this on board experiment, the system is carried conviction to be useful as evaluating seakeeping performance
The Development of Light-weight Transmission Shaft for Vessel by Fiber Reinforced Composite Materials
Full text linkHigh performance composites are being used increasingly for engineering applications such as space vehicles, aircrafts, road transportations, fishing-rods, golf-club shafts and yachts because of their two major advantages, namely, the higher specific strength and specific modulus. From these viewpoint, the advent of advanced fiber reinforced composites has been called the biggest technological revolution.
Filament winding process is a comparatively simple operation in which continuous reinforcements in the form of roving are wound over rotating mandrel. The filament winding method is affected by several parameters such as pot life of process time, viscosity of resin, filament winding temperature, curing condition, etc.
It is known that the composite material shafts using on small boats have various advantages comparing to forged steel shafts, for examples3.75 mm), it was found that the tensile strength becomes a constant value. This shows that the effect of fiber is bigger than effect of matrix. It was found that the elongation according to the number of layers has little change in the layers of 5 or more. The result of torsional static test for the hollow shaft composites was measured 2316 N-m at 0.505 radian (28.9°) , and the fracture happened in adhesion department with slip in higher stress than in calculated torsional stress. Adhesion strength by the adhesive was about 450 N-m at 0.046 radian (2.6°) .
It is found that the hollow shaft composites had 76% weight saving effect comparing with a traditional metal shaft.3.0 mm). Also in the case of more than 5 layers (thickness1.5 mm) to 4 layers (thicknesshigh specific strength, high fatigue strength, high corrosion resistance, etc.
The purpose of this study is to analyze and design the stress of hollow shaft composites, and to evaluate the characteristics of hollow shaft composites which is wound by filament winding method.
The analysis of the stresses and strains in the hollow shaft composites made by filament winding method is presented in this paper. Classical laminated plate theory was applied on the patch cut from the hollow shaft composites. The classical laminated plate theory was used for analyzing the stress, and for structure design. The diameter and thickness of composite shaft were calculated by this theory, and were considered the criterion of class rule in design.
It is verified that the hollow shaft composites of diameter 40 mm is the most optimum when the ratio of diameter is 0.4 and winding angle is 45°. It is also proven that the shear strain does not change seriously between 30°and 60° of winding angles. It is dangerous when the winding angle is over 75°because the values of shear strain and stress produced on the shaft are too high, and so it must be avoided to wind the filament by the angle over 75°.
The performance test of hollow shaft composites made by filament winding method is presented in this paper.
The results showed that the fiber content was 60.1 % and the resultant void content was 1.1 %. The fiber content was proper and the void content was very low.
The tensile tests were performed to verify strength of composite shafts according to the number of layers, and also the torsional tests were performed to verify strength of composite shafts and adhesive joints.
The results of tensile tests according to the number of layers were changed greatly from 2 layers (thickness목차
Abstract = iii
Nomenclature = vi
제1장 서론 = 1
1.1 연구배경 = 1
1.2 연구목적 = 5
1.3 논문의 구성 = 5
제2장 복합재료의 일반 = 7
2.1 복합재료의 개요 = 7
2.2 필라멘트 와인딩(F/W) 성형법의 개략 = 19
제3장 적층판 이론에 의한 복합재료 축의 응력해석 및 설계 = 23
3.1 고전 적층판 이론 = 23
3.2 고전 적층판 이론에 의한 선박 동력전달축의 응력 해석 = 31
3.3 복합재료 축 설계 = 38
3.4 설계 결과 및 고찰 = 44
3.5 결언 = 51
제4장 선박용 동력전달축의 비틀림 응력계산 = 52
4.1 동력전달 토크에 의한 전단응력 = 52
4.2 비틀림 진동에 의한 전단응력 = 57
4.3 프로펠러의 비틀림 응력 = 62
4.4 결언 = 64
제5장 복합재료 동력전달축의 제작 = 65
5.1 동력전달축 제작 장치 = 65
5.2 실험재료 = 67
5.3 제작 방법 = 69
5.4 복합재와 금속재와의 접합 = 77
제6장 복합재료 동력전달축의 특성평가 = 79
6.1 섬유함유율 = 79
6.2 공동률 = 85
6.3 적층두께에 따른 인장특성 = 89
6.4 비틀림 특성 = 99
6.5 접합강도 = 104
6.6 경량화 = 108
제7장 결론 = 109
참고문헌 = 11
A Study on the effect of Metallurgical factors in Aluminum Brazing
Full text linkNocolok flux brazing was adopted in the aluminium brazing experiment. Filler metals such as (Al-12.2at.%Si), (CL+1.5at.%Si) were made and used to form liquid insert metal layer between two pieces of aluminium plates. Diameter of 50㎛, 100㎛, 150㎛, 200㎛ tungsten wire was winded around a plate to make space between aluminium plates. The grain size of aluminium plates was 43㎛, 57㎛ and 74㎛ by heat treatment at 673K, 743K and 823K for 2hours.
This work was done to find the effect of brazing factors, such as brazing time temperature, the grain size of substrate and the chemical composition of liquid insert metal on the microstucture of brazing zone.
The results are summarized as follows :
(1) Moved distance of a liquide-solid interface was proportional to square root of the brazing time. It means that the behavior was controlled mainly by diffusion of liquid. The relationship between brazing temperature and the Moved distance of a liquide-solid interface was governed by Arrhenius reaction rate equation.
(2) In case of (Al-Si) filler metal, Moved distance of a liquide-solid interface was affected by the grain size of matrix. The depth of matrix damage was increased with decreasing the grain size of matrix and increasing Si content in liquid layer.
(3) The important reason for matrix damage was considered that two kinds of atom migration were simultaneously occurred in the liquid phase.
One was that general inter diffusion of atom in the liquid from α phase/liquid interface to the center of the liquid layer.
The other was that counter flow directional inter diffusion of atom in the liquid region near αphase because of the curvature effect of αphase in vicinity of the interface.목차
1. 서론 = 6
2. 실험방법 = 16
2. 1 결정립 조대화 열처리 = 11
2. 2 땝납금속의 제작 = 18
2. 3 브레이징용 조립시편 = 20
2. 4 브레이징 열처리 ？？ 접합부의 미세조직 관찰 = 23
3. 실험결과 및 고찰 = 26
3. 1 실험결과 = 26
3. 1. 1 액상 용가제의 융점 = 26
3. 1. 2 고·액계면의 이동거리 = 35
3. 1. 3 고·액계면의 이동거리에 영향을 미치는 삽입금속의 영향 = 38
3. 1. 4 접합부 부근의 미세조직 변화에 따른 모재의 결정립 크기의 영향 = 62
3. 2 고찰 = 67
3. 2. 1 확산지배기구에 의한 고·액계면의 이동 = 67
3. 2. 2 확 고·액계면의 이동거리에 미치는 삽입금속의 영향 = 72
3. 2. 3 고·액계면의 이동거리에 미치는 모재의 결정립크기의 영향 = 79
4. 결론 = 88
참고문헌 = 9
Plannin of Ocean Living Complex at Coastal Areas
Full text linkIn coastal areas of our nation, environmental pollution and the destruction of ecosystem have been deepening due to the concentration of manufacturing facilities and the development of big cities. Also, the utilization efficiency of coastal areas have been lowered and the potential of the areas was not fully displayed because the harbor, industrial and tourism spaces were located individually without a comprehensive blueprint on the areas. The problem is that the demand for the water friendly coastal area and comfortable oceanic living space is expected to be increased remarkably. And the need for oceanic environment preservation will be increased due to the continuous growth of coastal cities and the increase in population in the future, too. Accordingly, it is required to plan ocean living complexes to accomodate comfortable and pleasant environment, paving the way to meet the demand for the ocean based living space, and the requirements for ocean production activities, culture and leisure at this knowledge information industry era.
The following is the conclusion of this study1.We have suggested the ocean living complex as a new concept of oceanic dwelling place to utilize our coastal space and its natural resources environment friendly, as well as satisfying the requirement for comprehensive living space in the forthcoming future through the complex.
2.We have defined the living complex model as the suburban type, the fishing village type and the island type.
4.We considered each area's geographical, social and economical situation in preparing the appropriate oceanic living complex. For example, Woongcheon district is a suburban type model, Gawoodo district is a fishing village type model and Wolpo district is a island type model.
5.It is our understanding that the above three areas should be designated as the semi-city districts by changing the homeland use planning law to implement our living complex plan.
6.When it comes to the regulation regarding the implementation of the ocean living complexes in the three areas, we can go ahead by adding the ocean living complex district to the Coastal Area Management Law or the Basic Law of Maritime & Fishery because the laws cover both sea and land. In the long run, however, it is desirable to have a separate legislation on the oceanic living complex.목차
Abstract
1. 서론
1.1 연구배경 및 목적 = 1
1.2 연구내용 = 1
2. 복합생활단지의 개념 및 모델
2.1 사회변화의 전망 = 3
2.2 복합생활단지의 개념 = 5
2.3 복합생활단지의 모델 = 6
3. 관련제도 분석
3.1 일본의 총합보양지역정비법 = 7
3.2 국내관련제도 검토 = 8
4. 시범지역 선정 및 계획안
4.1 시범지역 선정과정 = 15
4.2 평가요인 설정 = 16
4.3 평가결과 = 21
4.4 시범지역 계획안 = 26
5. 복합생활단지 개발계획
5.1 관련법규 적합성 = 44
5.2 개발주체 설정 및 역할분담 = 44
5.3 소유자금 산정 및 조달방안 = 45
5.4 단계별 시행방안 = 49
5.5 기타 사업과의 관계 = 50
6. 결론 = 51
참고문헌 = 5
Study on Cold Air Flow Characteristics in a Domestic Refrigerator Using an Image Intensifier CCD Camera
Full text linkEnvironmental concerns and the restriction policy on the energy efficiency require continuous improvements in refrigerator energy efficiency. Hence, it is very important to manufacture household refrigerators with the shroud form and cold air flow that are economically acceptable. This study has been performed on cold air flow characteristics in a domestic refrigerator which sizes are 400mm x 410mm x 670mm of the freezer and 510mm x 710mm x 670mm of the cold storage room with a fan. The domestic refrigerator is divided into two completely parts, which one is for cooling the freezer and the other is for cooling the food room. This domestic refrigerator has an evaporator, in which is located the freezer compartment. The experiments were conducted at three different internal temperatures in the freezer(10℃, 30℃). It was showed that the rate of cold air distribution into freezing room and cold storage room was almost 7 : 3. This experimental investigation indicates that the velocity of cold air flow of 40mm, 80mm, 370mm and 670mm sections are faster than other sections.
The first objective of this work was the analysis of the result to obtain insight regarding the effects of the variables and to assess the cold air flow characteristics at three different internal temperatures in the freezer and at two different internal temperatures cold storage room. The second consideration was to develop refrigerator energy consumption. in other words, This paper presents to improve that the energy efficiency of the refrigerator.(5℃, 15℃, 30℃) and in the cold storage room목차
Abstract = i
기호설명 = iii
제1장 서론 = 1
제2장 실험 및 영상처리 = 3
2.1 실험장치 = 3
2.2 PIV의 개요 = 6
2.3 PIV 시스템의 구성 = 17
2.3.1 조명 및 추적입자 = 17
2.3.2 화상입력장치 및 저장장치 = 19
2.3.3 이미지 보오드 = 20
2.4영상처리 = 22
2.4.1 전처리 = 22
2.4.2 동일입자 추적 = 27
2.4.3 후처리 = 34
제3장 결과 및 검토 = 35
3.1 냉동실의순간 및 시간평균 속도분포 = 35
3.2 냉장실의 순간 및 시간평균 속도분포 = 72
3.3 평균운동에너지 분포 = 88
3.4 냉동실 및 냉장실 속도분포비교 = 105
제4장 결론 = 109
참고문헌 = 111
감사의 글 = 11
(An) Empirical Study on the Chartering Decision in Shipping Firms
Full text linkThe purpose of this study is to emphasize the importance of chartering decision in the shipping firms. In fact, shipping industry doing the business in the completely opening market between shipping firms and cargo owners all over the wolrd. This connection, the level of risk on the business managent of shipping firm is relatively very high compare with other industries. In particular, the decision on the ship purchase, ship building and ship chartering is very important element to decide the future of the company. Accordingly, this study will empirically prove the essential elements which will effect to the decision of the ship chartering and the basic reason why shiping firms do the decision of ship chartering with the burden of high risk management.
In order to achieve the above purposes, this study conducted the literature survey, the study of the theories on the element which has very important connection to the decision of chartering and collected the data from Korea Shipowners Association,
Messrs. FEARNLEY and Messrs. CLARKSON. As well, Multiple Regression Methord was used to verify the relationship between the element which can be influenced to the decision of ship chartering.
After varification of five[5] hypothesis against the scale of chartering by Multiple Regression,this study has found the followings :
1. The fluctuation of chartering scale has positive[+] correlation with the fluctuation of cash flow in shipping firm.
2. The fluctuation of chartering scale has negative[-] correlation with the fluctuation of profit in shipping firm.
3. The fluctuation of chartering scale has no correlation with the fluctuation of business scale in shipping firm.
4. The fluctuation of chartering scale has negative[-] correlation with the fluctuation of ship scale in shipping firm.
5. The fluctuation of chartering scale has positive[+] correlation with the fluctuation of debt scale in shipping firm.
According to the above results of the study, shipping firm do chatering decision even though it is on the high level of risk in order to improve cash flow and profit of the company. Furthermore, the shipping firm who operative ships efficiently and positively, run into chartering market with high level of risk on chartering decision. It shows shipping firm has no particular option except the decision of chartering in order to survive and grow up continuously under unlimited competition in the world-wide opening market.
As a suggestion of this study, Korean shipping firms need the positive support of Government and utmost effort of shipping circle for basic solution to improve cash flow and the profit of the company. For this purpose 1. Government have to support shipping firm with fund with low interest for replacement of old aged vessels as well release of any restriction for import second-handed tonnage till Korean shipping firms maintain a certain level of fleet capacity. 2. Government must reduce the tax on ship import and registry with financial support in order to improve financial status of shipping industry. In the meantime, shipping firm also do their best to enlarge company capital through offering shares for public subscription.Abstract
第1章 序論 = 1
第1節 問題의 提起 = 1
第2節 硏究의 目的 = 2
第3節 硏究의 範圍와 內容 = 3
1. 硏究의 範圍와 內容 = 3
2. 分析方法 = 3
第2章 海運産業에서 傭船意思決定의 重要性과 旣存硏究
第1節 해운산업에 傭船意思決定의 意義와 重要性 = 5
第2節 危險下의 意思決定에 관한 先行硏究 = 9
第3節 傭船意思決定에 관한 先行硏究 = 17
1. 傭船의 槪念 = 17
2. 傭船의 種類 = 18
3. 海運經營活動에 있어서 傭船의 經濟的 價値 = 23
4. 傭船의 經濟的 價値 = 29
5. 傭船과 市況豫測 = 37
第3章 變數選定과 硏究假說 設定
第1節 變數選定과 測定 = 62
第2節 硏究模型과 假設設定 = 67
第4章 傭船意思決定에 影響을 미치는 要因에 관한 實證硏究
第1節 資料蒐集과 分析方法 = 71
第2節 分析結果와 假說檢證 = 72
第5章 結論 = 76
第1節 分析結果의 要約 = 76
第2節 硏究結果의 示唆點 = 77
第3節 硏究의 限界와 向後 硏究課題 = 79
1. 硏究의 限界 = 79
2. 向後 硏究課題 = 79
參考文獻 = 8
(The) Leae-Lag Relationship between Futures and Spot Return of KTB
Full text linkThis study is firstly to examine the lead-lag relationship between spot and futures prices of Korea Treasury Bond (KTB) by using daily return data from 29 September 1998 to 18 August 2000. Five kinds of futures are listed on Korea Futures Exchange (KOFEX) since the launching of April 1999. KTB futures grew as an important futures since the listing on the KOFEX on 28th September 1999 and now the trade volume of KTB futures is the largest among the listed futures. Bank, investment trust, insurance companies and foreigners are major investors of KTB futures. KTB's main financial function is to provide risk management system for mid-term interest rate instrument and to discover its price in the future as well. In particular, this thesis focuses on the function of price discovery of futures over the expected spot price.
The price of KTB futures reflects the future interest level which financial institutions or company experts could predict. Therefore, KTB futures could be seen as predicting a proper price for spot goods and plays a role of discovering the future value of KTB. There is time difference between spot and futures prices of KTB. We utilize unit root test, cointegration test, vector error correction models in order to examine the relationship between spot and futures returns.
The main finding of this thesis is that the futures price of KTB leads the spot price of KTB. That is, the futures price leads two days prior to the expected spot price. Moreover, two market's lead-lag relationship could be influenced by the trading volume of KTB futures. Then, an empirical analysis of futures prices of June and September 2000 exhibits that the spot price leads the futures price. Therefore, it is argued that there is a feedback relationship between spot and futures of KTB and the infrequent trading has an impact on the relationship between spot and futures prices. Even though the relationship between spot and futures prices are not stable, our finding indicates that the discovery function of futures over the expected spot price is working in the Korea Futures Exchange.
Then, the period of our study is too short to investigate in depth of the lead-lag relationship between spot and futures prices. Because of this limitation, we could not examine the difference of two markets's microstructure such as price volatility, trade pattern and so on. Therefore, it is thought that we could not find correct reasons about the lead-lag relationship of two markets. With the passage of KOFEX history, the trading volume and the efficiency of information will be increased with by the growth of participants of this market and then we could explore more on the lead-lag relationship between spot and futures prices of KTB.Ⅰ. 서론 = 1
1. 연구 동기 및 목적 = 1
2. 연구의 방법 및 구？？ = 2
Ⅱ. 국채선물제도의 이해 및 기존 연구에 대한 고찰 = 3
1. 선물거래의 이해 = 3
1) 선물거래의 개념 = 3
2) 선물거래의 경제적 기능 = 3
2. 주요국 거래소의 국채선물의 개요 = 4
3. 호주 국채선물의 상품 개요 = 4
4. 우리 나라의 국채선물 = 6
1) 국채선물의 개요 = 6
2) 가격결정방법 = 6
3) 국채이론가격 = 8
5. 기존 연구에 대한 고찰 = 9
Ⅲ. 연구 모형 및 연구방법 = 11
1. 연구모형 = 11
1) 단위근 검정 = 11
2) Johansen 공적분 검정 = 11
3) 오차수정모형추정 = 11
2. 단위근검정 = 11
3. 공적분의 검정 = 15
4. 오차수정모형 = 17
Ⅳ. 실증분석 = 19
1. 표본자료 = 19
2. 기초통계량 = 20
3. 현물과 선물 수익률의 자기상관관계 = 21
4. 수익률의 선도 지연-관계 분석 = 21
1) 시계열의 정상성에 대한 단위근 검정 = 21
2) 공적분 검정을 통한 장기 균형관계 분석 = 25
3) 오차수정모형의 추정 결과 = 25
Ⅴ. 결론 = 28
참고문헌 = 2
(A) Study on the Development of Exclusive Sensor for Detecting the Hydraulic Cylinder Stroke
Full text linkA Study on the Development of Exclusive Sensor for Detecting the Hydraulic Cylinder Stroke
In order to comprise a basic closed-loop control system for hydraulic systems it is necessary to detect the piston rod stroke of hydraulic cylinder. There are many conventional type sensors which have been applied to detect the displacement of cylinders. Several types of LVDTs and magnetic sensors are representative illustrations of them. However, they cannot reveal the original performance normally or they cannot be applied at all where the operating circumstance of cylinders is beyond specifications of sensors. Especially, for the purpose of detecting the strokes of cylinders mounted on heavy equipments, a special exclusive sensor must be used. Because the operating circumstances of heavy equipments are so severe that general purpose sensors cannot endure such circumstance as a shock and a residual vibration induced by rough works. In the conclusion, an exclusive sensor must be developed to detect the strokes of hydraulic cylinders of heavy equipments.
In this thesis, an exclusive method for detecting the piston rod stroke for heavy equipments is suggested, which adopts a remote detecting technique using optical sensors and optical fibers. To do this, first of all, a kind of scale treatment of piston rod is required and it is also proposed here. An entire implementation procedure of the proposed exclusive sensor is explained concretely. A prototype of the sensor is resulted from the procedure. And then, several experiments using the prototype are executed for verifying the effectiveness of the suggested method and the possibility of the remote detection. Finally, the conclusion is demonstrated based on the experimental results
A Study on the Design and Arrangement of Coastal Ship's Bridge on the Basis of Ergonomics Concept
Full text linkWith the advancement of technology, the reliability and efficiency of marine instruments have been greatly improved over the years. However, the advancements in technology have yet to have much of an impact on reducing human errors which is the biggest contributing factor in the marine accidents. The ship safety is by no means an exception in this regard as the recent studies have found that the cause behind approximately 80% of all marine casualties can be directly or indirectly traced to human errors.
In order to devise feasible methods to prevent marine casualties caused by the human errors, this study will focus on the seldom-studied area among the human element - the ergonomic bridge design and arrangement of equipment on the bridge. The study will especially focus on the bridge design and the arrangement of equipment on the bridge of Korean coastal ships which constitute more than 90% of all marine casualties in Korea.
The International Maritime Organization(IMO), in the 2000 amendments to 1974 SOLAS, introduced Principles relating to bridge design, and arrangements of navigational systems and equipment and bridge procedures as Regulation 15, Chapter V. To support provision of the revised regulation V/15 of the SOLAS Convention, the Maritime Safety Committee(MSC), at its seventy-third session, adopted the MSC/Circ.982 'Guidelines on Ergonomic Criteria for Bridge Equipment and Layout'. However, as parts of MSC/Circ.982 are ambiguous or incomplete, member Governments are currently faced with the difficulties of adopting it into their national legislation.
Although it is well known that human element is behind approximately 80% of all marine casualties, it is difficult to find any conclusive statistics indicating the exact ratio of accidents caused by the faulty bridge design and arrangement of equipment on the bridge. Additionally, even in the marine casualty investigations, the focus is often on the officers' navigational errors rather than on the faulty bridge design and arrangement of equipment on the bridge.
Despite the fact that no conclusive statistics are readily available, it can be assumed that many accidents are direct or indirect result of not considering the ergonomics element in the bridge design and arrangement of equipment on the bridge. Although it is very difficult to prove such assumption in a quantitative manner, there is no doubt that the ergonomic bridge design and arrangement of equipment on the bridge play important role in preventing marine casualties.
In this study, the definition of bridge and its progression of change over time, the role and function of bridge, the definition of ergonomics and the grafting of ergonomics and bridge design were reviewed. Additionally, the studies and reviews undertaken by IMO on human element, and the ergonomic approach methodology and rules for bridge design developed by International Association of Classification Societies (IACS) and International Organization for Standardization (ISO) were confirmed. Furthermore, the result of studies undertaken by IMO, IACS, ISO and ATOMOS project were compiled to propose fundamental principles related to the bridge configuration and arrangement, workstation, location of console and man/machine interface, etc.
As a final step, the drawing review, questionnaire survey and field study on the bridge size and equipment, the arrangement of equipment and the bridge environment, etc. of Korean coastal ships - which constitute a large percentage of marine casualties - were carried out to examine and analyze problematic areas. Using such data as a basis, the type of equipment required on board and the number of consoles required to house such equipment were determined. Next, the determined equipment and consoles were compared with the total area of bridge to propose the totally enclosed bridge which encloses the bridge wing. With respect to the arrangement of consoles, three standard models of integrated console were chosen. The three consoles were then subjected to the expert opinion survey and questionnaire survey of expert panel to figure out advantages and disadvantages associated with each model. Upon completion of the survey, most appropriate configuration of bridge and arrangement of console were proposed.
On the basis of opinions given by the panel of expert, the protruding front configuration of standard bridge were not considered for this study because it would hinder on deck cargo operations on small-sized ships like coastal ships presently operating in Korea.
For the installation of integrated console, taking the width of bridge and the length of console into consideration, this study found that ships between 500 to 3,000 gross tons should enclose bridge wing to secure necessary area. As for the ships of 3,000 gross tons and over, the study found that it is not necessary to enclose bridge wing since the width of bridge is usually large enough to accommodate the integrated console. Concerning the arrangement of console, the study has found that it is better to install the console one meter from the front window of bridge rather than installing it right against the front window, as this arrangement would allow for superior lookout, monitoring of activities on deck directly below and field of vision of 360˚. The study also found that in order to eliminate the inconvenience of going around the console to check the navigational information during the lookout activity at the front window of bridge, the 1/3 of integrated console should be separated to create an opening passage of 800mm in width which would reduce the moving distance.
Finally the author wishes this study would help to enhance the safety of Korean coastal ships.목차
표 목차 = iv
그림 목차 = vi
약어표 = vii
Abstract = ix
제1장 서론 = 1
1.1 연구의 배경 = 1
1.2 연구의 목적 = 5
1.3 연구의 방법 = 6
제2장 선교와 인간공학 = 8
2.1 선교의 정의 = 8
2.2 기술발달과 선교의 변천 = 9
2.3 국제협약과 선교 설비의 변천 = 10
2.3.1 새로운 항해장비의 도입 = 11
2.3.2 선박의 총톤수별로 요구되는 항해설비 = 14
2.3.3 항해장비의 성능기준 = 17
2.4 선교와 인간공학 = 21
2.4.1 인간공학의 정의 = 21
2.4.2 선교 설계와 인간공학 = 23
제3장 인적요소와 선교 = 26
3.1 국제해사기구의 인적요소 작업 = 26
3.1.1 일반 = 26
3.1.2 인적요소에 대한 비젼, 원칙 및 목표 = 27
3.1.3 최소안전승무정원 = 27
3.1.4 피로 = 27
3.1.5 인적요소 작업반 = 28
3.2 선교설계의 인간공학적 접근 = 29
3.2.1 선교의 인간공학적 설계에 대한 국제해사기구의 접근 = 29
3.2.2 선교의 인간공학적 설계에 대한 IACS의 접근 = 37
3.2.3 선교의 인간공학적 설계에 대한 ISO의 접근 = 39
제4장 선교의 설계 = 41
4.1 선교의 형상 = 41
4.1.1 선교의 형상 = 41
4.1.2 선교의 시야 = 42
4.1.3 창문의 형상 = 46
4.2 워크스테이션의 배치 = 48
4.2.1 워크스테이션의 분류 = 48
4.2.2 워크스테이션의 기능 = 49
4.2.3 워크스테이션의 배치 = 51
4.2.4 워크스테이션별 설비의 종류 = 53
4.3 콘솔의 배치 = 61
4.3.1 콘솔의 배열과 치수 = 61
4.4 인간/설비 인터페이스 = 64
4.4.1 프로그램으로 작동되는 전자시스템의 정의 = 64
4.4.2 프로그램으로 작동되는 전자시스템을 이용한 항해장비의 설계상 원칙 = 65
4.4.3 자동화의 영향 = 66
제5？？ 연안선박의 선교 = 71
5.1 연안선박의 정의 및 현황 = 71
5.1.1 연안선박의 정의 = 71
5.1.2 연안선박의 현황 = 71
5.2 선교의 크기 = 74
5.3 선교의 배치 등에 관한 설문조사 = 76
5.3.1 설문 조사 = 76
5.3.2 설문 분석 = 78
5.3.3 현장 조사 = 87
5.4 선교의 인간공학적 설계 방안 = 90
5.4.1 콘솔의 설계 = 91
5.4.2 필요 콘솔의 수 = 93
5.4.3 선교의 폭과 콘솔의 배치 = 94
5.5 선교의 표준설계안 = 94
5.5.1 A 타입 선교 = 96
5.5.2 B 타입 선교 = 97
5.5.3 C 타입 선교 = 98
5.6 타당성 검증 = 100
5.6.1 검증 방법 = 100
5.6.2 전문가 패널의 구성 및 의견 = 102
5.7 연안선박용 표준선교 = 105
5.7.1 선교의 형상 및 콘솔의 배치 = 105
5.7.2 공통 고려사항 = 107
제6장 결론 = 113
참고문헌 = 118
부록 = 12
A Study on the Corrosion Resistance of Heavy Duty Anti-Corrosion Pigment by Impedance spectroscopy method
Full text linkThe influence of pigment on the anti-corrosive properties of organic coating was investigated. The heavy duty anti-corrosion coatings were prepared with the resins such as alkyd and urethane, which are widely used for anti-corrosive coatings. The typical anti-corrosive pigments were zinc potassium chromate(ZPC), strontium chromate(STC) and Fe₂O₃. Accelerated deterioration tests were carried out to evaluate the anti-corrosive properties. During the deterioration tests, the coatings were exposed to immersion condition, or accelerated weathering conditions of xenon light irradiation in a Weather-O-Meter. The evaluation of the anti-corrosive properties of coatings was performed by means of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The relation between resin-pigment interaction and anti-corrosive properties of coatings was also studied. The interaction between resin and pigment was estimated from the sedimentation rate of pigment in resin solution, which was measured by using a Dynometer.
The extent of interaction between resin and pigment was found to follow the order : Fe₂O₃>ZPC>>STC with alkyd, and Fe₂O₃>>ZPC>STC with urethane resin. It was found from the impedance measurements that the anti-corrosive performance of coatings decreases with pigment used in the order of ZPC>Fe₂O₃>STC. From these results, it seemed that anti-corrosive properties of organic coating were affected by resin-pigment interaction and other properties of pigment, such as passivating ability and physical shape. It was also found that the coatings which were prepared by same pigment with different resins revealed different anti-corrosive properties, indicating that the properties of resin also influenced the anti-corrosive performance of organic coatings.목차
Abstract
1. 서론 = 1
2. 이론적 배경 = 6
2.1 도장에 의한 방식기구 = 6
2.2 교류임피던스에 대한 이론 = 8
2.3 부식전기과학의 기초 = 10
2.4 부식계의 등기회로와 임피던스의 특성 = 12
2.4.1 등가회로 = 12
2.4.2 교류임피던스 표시방법 = 14
3. 실험방법 = 18
3.1 시험편 제작 = 18
3.1.1 시료의 종류 = 18
3.1.2 시료의 배합 = 19
3.1.3 시험편 도장 = 20
3.2 안료의 침강속도 측정 = 21
3.3 내후성 실험 = 21
3.4 도막의 열화도 변화과정 측정 = 21
4. 결과 및 고찰 = 25
4.1 안료의 침강속도 측정 = 25
4.2 임피던스법에 의한 방식성능 평가 = 26
4.2.1 침지환경에서의 방식성능 평가 = 26
4.2.2 촉진내후성 시험편에 대한 방식성능 평가 = 35
5. 결론 = 47
참고문헌 = 4