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The impact of technology on marginalized communities - a current scenario
Full text linkThe rapid advancement of digital technologies has transformed societies across the globe, yet its
benefits and opportunities have not been equitably distributed. This paper critically examines the
multifaceted impact of technology on marginalized communities, including economically
disadvantaged groups, rural populations, people with disabilities, and historically oppressed castes
and ethnicities. While technology has the potential to empower these communities through access
to information, education, healthcare, and economic opportunities, it often simultaneously
reinforces existing structural inequalities due to systemic barriers such as digital illiteracy, lack of
infrastructure, and socio-economic exclusion. This study draws on interdisciplinary literature, case
studies, and empirical data to explore both the enabling and excluding effects of digital
innovations. For instance, while mobile banking and e-governance platforms have increased access
to services for some rural users, digital divides persist due to language barriers, affordability issues,
and lack of digital skills. The paper also addresses the surveillance and data privacy concerns that
disproportionately affect marginalized users, whose lack of legal literacy and representation renders
them vulnerable. By highlighting successful grassroots digital initiatives, such as community
internet hubs and inclusive technology design projects, the research underscores the importance
of participatory approaches that centre the voices of the marginalized. The paper concludes by
recommending policy interventions and inclusive tech development strategies aimed at bridging
the digital divide and fostering equitable digital citizenship
Epistemological and religious meaning of belief- an analysis on David Hume.
Full text linkBelief is a common technical term in many subjects viz; religion, science, philosophy,
epistemology, psychology and the like. Even the meaning of the term is “wishful thinking”,
the usage of the term is different in their context. It has so many ramifications that one hardly
knows where to begin the discussion and where to conclude it. Why we are to choose belief is
the question. When we are unable to satisfy ourselves with mere knowledge or science, we
intend to seek another option to know or understand the subject. Belief gives us the
knowledge. When a belief is justified true, it becomes knowledge, if not it remains as mere
belief. There is a traditional boundary in belief between two subjects, one is epistemology and
other one is morality. The research problem here is whether Hume uses the term belief in
different meaning. Hence, this research proposed to have objective to study Hume’s usage of
belief in the epistemological and moral or religious sense in explaining his other philosophical
subjects. In the epistemological context, Hume argues that we can have no rational knowledge
of matters of fact, reason in its strict or a priori sense yielding intuitive or demonstrative
knowledge only of relations among ideas. Rather, our knowledge of matters of fact involves
our applying a psychologically constituted relation of causal necessity to empirical elements. In
moral context, his explanation is on other way. In order to elaborate his interpretation,
qualitative research design was used since it is a descriptive study on a concept. From secondary
sources, the data were collected. David Hume’s works have been used as original sources and
other writings of other Humeans were also used to get more understanding of the subject. The
data were analyzed qualitatively and findings were proved based on textual evidences.
Accordingly, David Hume unsystematically proposed his philosophy and for his easiness, he
has used terms to explain his thought. When he found that there is no way to explain a concept
scientifically, he intended to go for practical sense of usage. Accordingly, he had used the term
belief in two different ways of meaning to explain his epistemological and religious or moral
meaning
Cultural transformations in the Jaffna society during the Dutch colonial era: an analysis of Dutch archives
Full text linkThe Dutch played a pivotal role in the history of European colonialism in Sri Lanka, governing
from 1658 to 1796. During this period, they administered the three Commanderies of
Colombo, Galle, and Jaffna, with the Jaffna Commanderies being the most significant among
them. Jaffna and its neighboring municipalities experienced considerable transformations in
culture during the Dutch colonial era, including adjustments to geographical names, literary
styles, and religious customs. The Dutch organized the legal system, instituted new
administrative frameworks, and encouraged the dissemination of Christian literature. In
addition, their presence helped to shape Jaffna's cultural heritage by encouraging a resurgence
of Hinduism and the growth of Christian literature. Dutch reports serve as valuable resources
for understanding the cultural transformations within Jaffna society. These documents reveal
various aspects of Jaffna's identity, providing insights into the political, economic, religious,
and social changes that occurred. Consequently, this study aims to assess the importance of
cultural changes in Jaffna society as reflected in Dutch reports. Employing both historical and
contextual analysis, the research utilizes primary and secondary data. The findings will
underscore the relevance of Dutch reports and uncover several previously unrecognized facts,
ultimately benefiting the Jaffna community
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No full textSri Lanka, historically renowned as the "Island of Gems," has established a distinguished position in
the global gemstone industry through a remarkable legacy spanning over two millennia. This island
nation produces an exceptional array of precious stones, most notably sapphires of unparalleled
quality, alongside numerous other gemstones that have captivated international markets
throughout history. The country's gemmological wealth is deeply embedded within its cultural
identity, historical trade networks, and increasingly, its tourism appeal, creating a multifaceted
economic and cultural resource of national significance. Geological and Historical Foundations.
The island's unique geological composition has created extraordinary mineral wealth, particularly
concentrated in regions such as Ratnapura, aptly named "The City of Gems." This natural abundance
has fostered specialized knowledge systems including traditional mining methodologies and
exceptional lapidary craftsmanship that have been refined across generations. These traditional
practices, combined with contemporary regulatory frameworks, have established Sri Lanka's
distinctive position in global gem markets, where its stones have historically adorned royal
collections from Europe to Asia, prized for their remarkable clarity, vivid coloration, and expert
craftsmanship. Cultural and Economic Significance. The gemstone industry has evolved beyond
mere extraction to become a cornerstone of Sri Lanka's cultural identity and economic strategy.
The sector has developed significant synergies with tourism, creating specialized "gem tourism"
experiences that attract both serious collectors and casual visitors. These experiences include gem
museums, guided tours of mining operations, curated exhibitions, and certified gem marketplaces,
all of which provide educational opportunities regarding both the geological formation of
gemstones and their profound cultural significance within Sri Lankan society. Contemporary
Challenges and Opportunities. Despite its historical prominence, the Sri Lankan gem industry faces
substantial contemporary challenges including unauthorized mining activities, environmental
degradation from extraction processes, and growing international demands for ethically sourced
materials. These challenges present both difficulties and opportunities as global markets increasingly prioritize transparent and sustainable gemstone sourcing. Sri Lanka's response to these
evolving market expectations will significantly influence its continued prominence in the
international gemstone sector. Nation Branding and Economic Development. The gem heritage
of Sri Lanka represents a powerful component of national branding and economic development
strategy. The country has deliberately leveraged its gemmological reputation to enhance its
international profile and differentiate its tourism offerings. This strategic positioning highlights
how natural resources, when properly managed, can contribute significantly to national identity
formation and economic diversification beyond mere extraction value. In sum, maintaining Sri
Lanka's distinguished reputation in the global gemstone industry requires a balanced approach that
honours traditional practices while embracing sustainable innovations. The preservation of this
gemmological heritage transcends national pride, representing a crucial element of Sri Lanka's
tourism appeal and export economy. By integrating heritage conservation principles with
responsible tourism practices and strategic international market positioning, Sri Lanka can ensure
its continued recognition as a global leader in the gemstone industry while addressing
contemporary ethical and environmental concerns
The challenges and opportunities of vegetable production and marketing: a study on Kotmale Region
Full text linkVegetable production is a vital sub-sector of agriculture with global significance. In Sri Lanka,
this sector contributes significantly to the national economy, accounting for 7% of the
country's total economic output. The vegetable production industry plays a pivotal role in
ensuring food security, generating employment opportunities, and mitigating rural poverty.
However, the subsidiary agriculture vegetable production in the Kothmalai region faces
challenges stemming from both natural and human-induced factors. This study aims to
investigate the socio-economic impact of these challenges on vegetable farmers and explore
opportunities to address them. Data for this research was collected through various methods,
including unstructured interviews with 10 individuals, group discussions involving 10
participants, and a questionnaire survey with 100 selected vegetable growers using a snowball
sampling technique. Additionally, secondary data sources, such as records from the Kothmalai
Agriculture Department, the Kothmalai Divisional Secretariat, relevant websites, and research
papers, were consulted. Through the analysis of the gathered data using statistical software,
specifically SPSS, Arc GIS 10.8. this study conducted multiple regression analysis. The results
revealed that variables such as input costs, transportation expenses, access to technical
facilities, and the use of traditional methods collectively influence 10 percent of vegetable
production, with a corresponding increase in monthly income by one unit. To foster the
growth of vegetable production in the Kothmalai region, this research suggests implementing
government subsidies, establishing micro-credit facilities, and enhancing market infrastructure
to support vegetable producers. These measures are expected to help overcome the challenges
faced by farmers and tap into the full potential of vegetable cultivation in the region
Stoic strategies for overcoming psychological challenges: insights from Seneca
Full text linkThe human experience is deeply intertwined with emotions like fear, anger, and anxiety, which, if
misunderstood, can lead to significant psychological challenges. Stoic philosophy, particularly as
articulated by Seneca, offers practical guidance for managing these emotions and cultivating a
virtuous and balanced life. This research delves into the relevance of Seneca's insights in addressing
contemporary psychological problems, providing a pathway to well-being rooted in philosophical
wisdom. Modern life is rife with emotional turbulence caused by fear of the future, societal
expectations, and attachment to material possessions. These anxieties often manifest as
psychological disorders, reducing life satisfaction and happiness. Although numerous therapeutic
approaches exist, the timeless wisdom of Stoicism remains underexplored as a viable method for
psychological resilience. Seneca’s writings offer profound guidance on mastering emotions and
fostering mental clarity. This study addresses the following questions: How can Seneca's Stoic
principles help individuals manage fear, anger, and anxiety? What practical techniques does Seneca
propose for psychological well-being? How can these ancient strategies be applied to
contemporary challenges? The research aims to: Examine Seneca’s teachings on fear, anger, and
emotional control, analyze Stoic techniques for psychological resilience and their relevance today,
propose a framework for integrating Stoic principles into modern therapeutic practices. The
research employs a qualitative analytical approach, focusing on a critical study of Seneca’s letters
and works like On Anger, On the Shortness of Life. Key Stoic concepts such as emotional theory,
preparation for future adversities, and training in poverty are examined. These insights are
contextualized within modern psychological frameworks to highlight their applicability to
contemporary life. The study finds that Seneca’s philosophy emphasizes the importance of
distinguishing between controllable and uncontrollable factors, reframing thoughts to focus on the
present, and developing virtues such as courage, temperance, and wisdom. Techniques like training
in poverty and delaying emotional reactions are identified as effective methods for reducing fear and anger. These practices enable individuals to live with resilience and purpose, regardless of
external circumstances. Seneca’s Stoic strategies remain profoundly relevant, offering a timeless
blueprint for psychological well-being. By adopting these principles, individuals can transcend
emotional turmoil and lead lives marked by balance, clarity, and virtue. This study underscores the
potential of Stoicism as a complementary approach to modern psychological challenges, providing
valuable insights for both individuals and practitioners
Geospatial mapping of soil fertility status and nutrient imbalances in representative zones of the Kotmale highlands agro-ecosystems, Sri Lanka
Full text linkSoil fertility degradation presents a critical challenge to sustainable agriculture in Sri Lanka's
central highlands, particularly in selected areas of the Kotmale Highlands, where intensive
farming practices and unregulated agrochemical inputs have significantly altered soil nutrient
dynamics. This study employs an integrated approach combining multi-parameter soil analysis
with advanced geospatial techniques to characterize and map soil fertility variations across
diverse agro-ecological zones. Soil samples were systematically collected from representative
zones using GPS-guided stratified random sampling method and laboratory analyses were
conducted to assess key fertility indicators: pH, organic matter content, available phosphorus
(P), exchangeable potassium (K), cation exchange capacity (CEC), and electrical conductivity
(EC). Results reveal widespread soil acidity problems, with pH values predominantly below
5.5, significantly constraining nutrient availability and microbial activity. Organic matter levels
were critically depleted (<2%) in approximately 70% of sampled locations, indicating
compromised soil biological health and reduced resilience to environmental stressors.
Phosphorus deficiency emerged as a ubiquitous concern across all sampling zones, while
potassium concentrations exhibited marked spatial heterogeneity, ranging from severe
deficiency to excessive levels that risk creating antagonistic nutrient interactions. Interpolated
fertility maps generated through GIS analysis identified distinct spatial patterns and critical
hotspots requiring urgent intervention, enabling the development of site-specific management
strategies. The study demonstrates the efficacy of integrating laboratory soil analyses with
geospatial modelling to create comprehensive soil fertility assessments that can guide precision
agriculture approaches and sustainable soil management policies in highland agro-ecosystems
Understanding the consequences of Deduru Oya river flooding in Kobeigane DS Division
Full text linkSri Lanka experiences continuous monsoon rains, driven by the South Westerly winds from May
to September and the North East monsoon winds from September to February annually.
However, these patterns have shifted due to various weather changes, leading to unpredictable and
intensified weather conditions. This alarming trend has resulted in frequent flooding, causing
substantial social and economic losses across the country. This study examines the impacts of
flood hazards caused by the Deduru Oya River on the Kobeigane DSD. As one of Sri Lanka’s
major rivers, the Deduru Oya frequently overflows during the monsoon seasons, disrupting
surrounding communities, agriculture, and infrastructure. Situated within the floodplain, the
Kobeigane DSD is particularly vulnerable to these recurring floods, leading to severe socio
economic and environmental consequences. This research aims to assess the extent of flood
hazards, their socio-economic impact on local communities, the damage to agricultural activities,
and disruptions to public infrastructure. A mixed-method approach was employed, integrating
both quantitative and qualitative data collection techniques. Field surveys, interviews with affected
residents, and GIS mapping of flood-prone areas were conducted to evaluate the scale of damage
and analyse response mechanisms. The findings reveal that recurrent flooding not only causes
direct losses, such as damage to property, crops, and infrastructure, but also leads to long-term
disruptions in livelihoods, education, and healthcare services. Local communities are often forced
into temporary relocation, while the agricultural sector, a key economic driver in the region, suffers
from soil erosion and crop destruction. Additionally, the study highlights the lack of adequate
flood control measures and emergency response systems in the area. The study concludes with
recommendations for enhancing flood management strategies, including improved land-use
planning, flood early warning systems, and community-based disaster preparedness programs.
These measures aim to mitigate the adverse effects of future floods and strengthen the resilience
of the Kobeigane DS Division against flood hazards
Leveraging geospatial technology for tourism mapping and development: a case study of Pasikuda, Sri Lanka
Full text linkTourism, defined as short-term travel for leisure or business, plays a vital role in fostering
interactions between residents and visitors from diverse regions. The Pasikuda area in Sri Lanka's
Batticaloa district, situated approximately 35 kilometres northwest of the city centre, stands out as
a premier coastal tourism destination. Renowned for its tranquil, shallow waters, vibrant coral
reefs, and rich marine biodiversity, Pasikuda Beach attracts a significant number of tourists and
supports a range of resorts and recreational facilities. This study aims to: Identify and map key
tourist attractions in the Pasikuda region using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technology,
Support sustainable tourism development in the area through targeted geospatial analysis. The
research methodology combines primary data collected via field observations and stakeholder
interviews with secondary data sourced from statistical records and graphical analyses. Utilizing
GIS, the study produces layered maps that illustrate transportation networks, accommodation
options, healthcare facilities, and zones designated for environmental conservation. These
geospatial outputs enhance travel planning, improve tourism management, and contribute to the
safety and sustainability of tourism in Pasikuda. Ultimately, the research demonstrates how GIS
technology can be effectively applied to promote and manage tourism development in coastal
regions
The effect of using Arabic children’s stories in improving the reading skills of the Arabic language for Iranian children: children’s adventure story as a model
Full text linkThis research endeavors to enhance the Arabic reading skills of non-Arabic-speaking Iranian
youth through the utilization of children's Adventure stories as an appropriate
pedagogical resource. Given the multifaceted nature of the study, a blend of descriptive and
field approaches has been adopted. This research necessitates a comprehensive review of
pertinent literature and previous studies related to the integration of children’s narratives in
reading instruction. Furthermore, it employs a field approach to ascertain the extent of the
impact of children's Adventure stories on reading improvement. To address the research
question, this study delineates specific criteria for the selection of appropriate texts for firstsecondary school students in Iran, the design of educational content, the pedagogical delivery,
and the subsequent analysis of collected data. Employing statistical analysis through the SPSS
program, this study confirms the significance of employing children's Adventure stories
in ameliorating reading skills. As anticipated, the hypothesis is substantiated through statistical
significance, affirming that the utilization of stories yields positive and congruent results