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Organizational identification, workaholism, and burnout: a cross-sectional study of age, gender, tenure, and work arrangements
No full textReceived: December 20th, 2024 ; Accepted: March 31st, 2025 ; Published: April 4th, 2025 ; Correspondence: [email protected] study investigates the relationships between organizational identification (OI), workaholism, and burnout among employed individuals in Latvia, with a focus on how gender, age, and tenure moderate these relationships. Data were collected from May 29 to October 27, 2024, using the QuestionPro platform, resulting in 954 total responses, of which 879 were completed (completion rate: 92.14%). The results demonstrate that high OI significantly predicts burnout (β = 1.167, p = 0.002), particularly when combined with workaholism (β = 2.045, p = 0.001). Employees exhibiting both high OI and workaholism reported the highest levels of burnout. A negative association between tenure and burnout (β = -1.3419, p = 0.020) suggests that experienced employees develop better coping strategies. Gender differences were also observed: women in the high OI group reported significantly higher burnout levels (β = 2.2538, p = 0.045), whereas women in the low OI group experienced lower burnout levels (β = -3.2624, p = 0.020). These findings highlight the complex interplay between organizational identification, workaholism, and burnout, emphasizing the need for organizational interventions targeting workaholism and gender-specific challenges. Future research should further explore the impact of cultural and organizational factors in shaping these dynamics
The impact of straw application on growth dynamics and proline accumulation in drought-stressed rice
No full textReceived: August 2nd, 2024 ; Accepted: December 14th, 2024 ; Published: January 9th, 2025 ; Correspondence: [email protected] frequent occurrence of unpredictable extreme droughts necessitates investigating measures to mitigate their impacts, as drought may occur at any growth phase of rice. This study evaluated the efficiency of straw applications to conserve soil moisture and mitigate the negative effect of drought stress on rice in tropical riparian wetlands. Rice straw was applied as organic matter (S1) and as mulch (S2) and then subjected to drought stress during early vegetative (D1), late vegetative (D2), and generative (D3) phases. The result of this study showed that the utilization of straw slowed down the water loss through evaporation as indicated by soil moisture. However, both rice straw applications, organic matter and mulch, were inefficient in maintaining the optimum plant growth when the soil moisture declined to < 10%. Drought stress at the early vegetative phase reduced the number of leaves by 63.68%, the number of tillers by 50.58%, and the total leaf area by 72.36%. Drought stress at the early vegetative phase also delayed flowering time for 11 days. Meanwhile, drought stress during the generative phase reduced the number of filled spikelets by 45.18% and increased sterile spikelets to 247.05%, which significantly reduced the yield. Plants that experienced drought stress during the vegetative and generative phases eventually increased the proline content by about 10 times (18.47 mmol g-1) compared to unstressed plants (1.62 mmol g-1). Straw mulching is recommended for mild to moderate droughts, but additional methods are needed to maintain soil moisture below 10%
Teraviljade kiudainesisalduse sõltuvus ilmastikust, väetamisest ning viljelusviisist
No full textA Thesis for applying for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Agriculture.Väitekiri filosoofiadoktori kraadi taotlemiseks põllumajanduse erialal.ABSTRACT. Cereal grains like wheat, barley, and oats are crucial for global nutrition, providing essential dietary fibers such as arabinoxylans (AX) and beta-glucans (BG). This thesis examines how weather conditions, nitrogen fertilization, and intercropping affect AX and BG content in cereal grains grown in Estonia. It aims to identify best practices for enhancing nutritional value and sustainability in cereal production, supporting global health and environmental resilience.
The thesis is based on three field experiments in Estonia: two at the Estonian University of Life Sciences in Tartu County and one at the METK in Jõgeva County. The first experiment (2014-2021) analyzed winter wheat and spring barley grains under various fertilization regimes and weather conditions and the second (2021) evaluated the genotype effect on AX and BG content in different wheat and barley varieties. The third experiment (2022-2023) compared barley and oat grains dietary fiber content in mono-cropping and intercropping systems. AX and BG contents were determined enzymatically and statistical analyses were performed to assess treatment effects.
The study found that weather conditions significantly influenced dietary fiber content in cereal grains. Higher temperatures during the grain-filling period increased AX and BG content in winter wheat and spring barley. Moreover, nitrogen fertilization effect on AX and BG content in cereal grains was limited. Winter wheat AX content in organic system was higher only at lower grain filling temperatures when compared to conventional systems. Intercropping had mixed effects on dietary fiber content, with decreasing BG content in intercropped barley and unaffected content of AX in barley and oats. Genotypic variation in both fiber content was less when compared to the impact of species. In conclusion findings of this thesis demonstrate the possibility to enhance the dietary fiber content of cereal grains while promoting sustainable agriculture.LÜHIKOKKUVÕTE. Teraviljad nagu nisu, oder ja kaer on globaalselt olulised kultuurid inimese toitumises, sisaldades olulisi kiudaineid nagu arabinoksülaanid (AX) ja beetaglükaanid (BG). Nende kiudainete tarbimine on inimeste tervise jaoks oluline. Käesolev doktoritöö uurib, kuidas ilmastikutingimused, lämmastikväetamine ja segukülvid mõjutavad AX ja BG sisaldust Eestis kasvatatud teraviljades. Töö eesmärk on selgitada võimalusi toitainerikaste ja tervislike toiduallikate tootmiseks, samas aidates kaasa rahvatervise parandamisele ja keskkonna vastupanuvõime suurendamisele.
Doktoritöö põhineb kolmel Eestis läbiviidud põldkatsel: kaks Eesti Maaülikoolis Tartumaal ja üks METK Jõgevamaal. Esimeses katses (2014-2021) analüüsiti talinisu ja suviodra teri erinevates väetusvariantides ja ilmastikutingimustes ning teises (2021) hinnati teravilja sordi mõju AX ja BG sisaldusele erinevates nisu- ja odra sortides. Kolmandas katses (2022–2023) võrreldi odra ja kaera terade kiudainete sisaldust puhas- ja segukülvides. Terade AX ja BG sisaldus määrati ensümaatiliselt ning faktorite mõju terade kiudaine sisaldusele hinnati statistiliste analüüsidega.
Uuring näitas, et ilmastikutingimused mõjutasid oluliselt teraviljade kiudainete sisaldust. Kõrgemad temperatuurid teravilja täitumise perioodil suurendasid talinisu ja suviodra AX ja BG sisaldust. Terade AX sisaldus ei sõltunud sademetest samal perioodil, kuid BG sisaldusele oli sademetel negatiivne mõju. Lämmastikväetamisel puudus mõju terade BG sisaldusele, AX sisaldusele oli see minimaalne. Talinisu AX-i sisaldus mahesüsteemis oli tavasüsteemidega võrreldes kõrgem ainult madalamatel tera täitumistemperatuuridel. Segukülvides BG sisaldus vähenes odra terades, mida kasvatati segus vikiga, samas odra ja kaera terade AX sisaldusele segus kasvatamine mõju ei avaldanud. Saagi kiusisaldust saab mõjutada teraviljade liigi valikuga, sordil on sellele mõju väiksem. Doktoritöö tulemustest selgus, et ka läbi säästliku taimekasvatuse on võimalik toota kiudainerikkaid teraviljasid.Publication of this thesis is supported by the Estonian University of Life Sciences
Assessment of cultivation efficiency of several cultivars of blue lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) in the conditions of Shirak region of Armenia
No full textReceived: June 20th, 2025 ; Accepted: September 23rd, 2025 ; Published: October 14th, 2025 ; Correspondence: [email protected]: Lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) is a highly productive forage legume valued for its exceptional protein concentration, vitamin richness, digestible fiber, and bioactive compounds. One kilogram of lucerne green mass contains approximately 50 g of carotene, alongside calcium, phosphorus, and other essential nutrients, making it a cornerstone of sustainable livestock farming and a potential functional food source. Objective: The study aimed to assess agro-biological traits, green mass and hay yield, seed productivity, and protein concentration of 29 introduced lucerne cultivars from the All-Russian Institute of Crop Production (VIR) compared with the traditional local cultivar ‘Aparani’ under the agro-climatic conditions of the Shirak region in Armenia. Methods: Field experiments were conducted from 2019 to 2022 using a randomized design with four replications (plot size: 25 m²). Standard agronomic practices were applied. Protein concentration in seeds was determined by the Kjeldahl method, while dry matter and nitrogen values were analyzed at the Organic Agriculture Laboratory of ANAU. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA, LSD, and relative error (Ex, %). Results: Considerable variation was observed among cultivars in yield and adaptability. The Canadian cultivars ‘Admiral’ and ‘Adge’, the French cultivar ‘Derby’, and the American cultivar ‘Schild’ demonstrated the highest productivity. ‘Admiral’ showed superior early regrowth, growth vigor, leafiness, and seed productivity (8.8 c ha-1). Green mass yield reached 325.5 c ha-1 for ‘Admiral’ and 308.4 c ha-1 for ‘Adge’, while their seed protein concentrations were 16.3% and 15.6%, respectively, exceeding the local ‘Aparani’. Conclusion: The results indicate that ‘Admiral’ and ‘Adge’ are highly suitable for the Shirak region due to their high yields, adaptability, and nutritional value. Their adoption could enhance fodder self-sufficiency, improve livestock productivity, and expand the role of lucerne as a functional food crop rich in protein and bioactive compounds
Kaugseire Eestis 2024: artiklikogumik
No full textTartu Ülikooli Tartu observatooriumi kirjastatud artiklikogumiku väljaandmist toetasid Tartu Ülikool, Eesti Maaülikool ja Keskkonnaagentuur.Kogumiku väljaandmist toetasid: Tartu Ülikool, Eesti Maaülikool ja Keskkonnaagentuur
Liquid lime and conventional agricultural lime in soil acidity correction and characteristics of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Braúna
No full textReceived: April 3rd, 2025 ; Accepted: July 4th, 2025 ; Published: July 14th, 2025 ; Correspondence: [email protected] effect of applying liquid limestone and conventional limestone together with regrowth in correcting soil acidity and characteristics of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Braúna was evaluated. The treatments were randomly distributed in a 3×3 factorial scheme, with three soil corrections: 1) control; 2) conventional limestone; 3) liquid limestone and three regrowths with a cutting interval of 21 days at 10 cm from the soil, with 4 replicates. The soil pH and base saturation were evaluated in each regrowth in the 0 to 20 cm layer, in addition to the production and bromatological characteristics of Braúna grass. Conventional limestone was efficient in increasing the pH, saturation and production of root dry matter. There was a regrowth effect, where there was an increase in the levels of dry matter, NDF, ADF, hemicellulose and cellulose, and a reduction in the levels of crude protein. The use of conventional limestone is recommended to correct acidity and increase base saturation, as there is greater root development. Brachiaria brizantha cv. Braúna is influenced by regrowth at successive cutting intervals of 21 days, with reduced productivity at each cut and reduced crude protein content
Teaduselt mahepõllumajandusele : toimetised 2025
No full textHea ja kvaliteetne tervist toetav toit on üks meie olulisemaid põhivajadusi. Selleks vajame aga üha rohkem teavet, kuidas toitu võimalikult loodushoidlikult toota hoides nii mulda, vett kui kõike elavat. Selles, juba kuuendas, mahetootjatele suunatud eelretsenseeritud artiklite kogumikus tutvustatakse aastatel 2022–2025 läbi viidud mahepõllumajanduse alaste uuringute tulemusi.
Kogumik valmis Maaelu Teadmuskeskuse tellimusel.Väljaandmist toetas Eesti põllumajanduse teadmussiirde- ja innovatsioonisüsteem (AKIS) ning Euroopa Liit
Development and analysis of initial material of winter spelt wheat (Triticum aestivum L. ssp. spelta) for productivity breeding
No full textReceived: April 9th, 2025 ; Accepted: July 18th, 2025 ; Published: July 24th, 2025 ; Correspondence: [email protected] the studies of 2019–2024, the productivity indicators of the starting material of winter spelt wheat, created by hybridization with soft winter wheat at Uman National University (Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine), were analyzed. In the process of research, spelt wheat samples were identified that can be used in practical selection as donors of genes for certain traits, in particular, high yield (5.25–5.82 t ha-1); semi-dwarfism and low-stemming in breeding for plant height reduction (samples 1786, 1817, 1559, 1674 and 1755; improved grain threshing (91%) and optimal spike structure (samples 95, 155, 1725); high grain protein content (23.8–28.7%), gluten (49.1–57.2%), alveograph indicator (340–425 alveograph units), grain hardness (60.8–68.2 instrument units) in breeding for grain quality (samples 13, 40 and 128). The correlation between productivity indicators was analyzed and it was found that the greatest influence on spelt yield is the quality of grain threshing (r = 0.89 ± 0.00)
Advancing precision agriculture: a case study of open source autosteering with AgOpenGPS and RTKbase
No full textReceived: February 1st, 2025 ; Accepted: June 16th, 2025 ; Published: July 4th, 2025 ; Correspondence: [email protected] agriculture increasingly relies on Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) services to perform highly accurate tasks in the field. Robotics are gradually entering farming, demanding precise and reliable correction signals. However, before widespread adoption of autonomous field robots becomes a reality, automated tractors will remain in use for a significant period, becoming progressively more advanced. The market is currently filled with various manufacturers offering aftermarket autosteering systems, which incrementally bring farmers closer to the functionality of fully autonomous field robots. This study explores open-source solutions for cost-effective autosteering systems and RTK base stations. The project involved retrofitting a single farmer’s tractor with an autosteering system and establishing an RTK base station. As the pilot progressed, word of the implementation spread, leading to the creation of a dedicated communication channel for interested farmers. This platform has facilitated knowledge sharing and further adoption. Information about the project also reached other regions, inspiring similar initiatives that have significantly increased the number of RTK base stations in just two years. The results of this project demonstrate a strong demand for alternative solutions. Many farmers lack the financial resources to invest in expensive, proprietary systems or are unwilling to commit to recurring subscription fees. The goal remains the same, regardless of the implementation method, agriculture is moving steadily toward smarter, more precise practices and the eventual adoption of field robotics
LED light distance and split fertilization effects on growth and morphological characteristics of red lettuce in urban cultivation system
No full textReceived: July 14th, 2025 ; Accepted: November 12th, 2025 ; Published: November 28th, 2025 ; Correspondence: [email protected] intensity and nutrients needed for plant growth are important factors in cultivation systems. Information regarding the distance of light sources and fertilization intervals for growing red lettuce in urban cultivation systems is still limited. This study evaluated the effects of LED light distance (35 cm and 50 cm) and split fertilizers (2nd and 3rd) on the growth and morphological of red lettuce in urban cultivation systems. The results showed a significant interaction between light distance and fertilization on morphological traits (leaf, stem, and root growth) and physiological parameters (chlorophyll a, b, and total chlorophyll). The distance of the light source had no significant effect on anthocyanin accumulation. A source light of 35 cm (SL-35) exhibited more dominant vegetative growth in the canopy, as indicated by a higher shoot weight ratio (SWR). The growth was predominantly concentrated in shoot tissues, with maximum leaf size achieved around 14 days after complete leaf expansion. Plants receiving split fertilization reached maximum leaf expansion slightly earlier, at around day 12. The leaf area was accurately estimated using a zero-intercept quadratic linear regression model based on leaf length and width (R² = 0.9851)