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Early Diagnosis of Celiac Disease in Pediatric Patients
Get PDFCeliac disease affects about 1% of the population; however, the indistinct symptoms make it difficult to diagnose. Children are vulnerable populations who are able to experience this disease, but go severely undiagnosed. As a result, when this population matures, additional health issues arise such as other autoimmune diseases. Different studies were done regarding diet modifications, gaps in research, and treatment options for Celiac disease. This is the reason to investigate whether early diagnosis in childhood will achieve better health outcomes through diet modifications. A cohort study will be performed on Celiac disease patients, ages 5 to 15 years old at outpatient clinics at UCSF. This study will compare two groups: diet modifications starting at 5 years old to diagnose Celiac disease and diet modifications at 15 years old to diagnose Celiac disease. The groups will be examined for health outcomes related to Celiac disease 10 years from the start of the study to see if earlier diagnosis made a significant difference. The data will be collected through patient reports of symptoms and medical office visits. The results, 10 years from now, should show no extra health issues. In conclusion, the clinical implications of this study should show that early diagnosis in pediatric patients correlates with the decreased number of medical problems as they grow up. Due to this research, more extensive medical doctor visits can determine Celiac disease much earlier as a prevention method to Irritable bowel syndrome symptoms.https://scholar.dominican.edu/nursing-student-research-posters/1034/thumbnail.jp
Improving Collaboration with Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Parents of Students with Extensive Support Needs
Get PDFThe purpose of this research is to understand how to improve collaboration between schools and culturally and linguistically diverse parents of students with extensive support needs who receive special education services. Previous research defined collaboration as a conceptual construct in which principles of shared respect and responsibility are applied to practice (Emmons & Zager, 2018). The collaboration between families and schools is legally mandated but not explicitly explained to teachers or parents how to succeed in engaging respectfully with all families (Cheatham & Lim-Mullins, 2018). The increased complication of supporting nondominant, culturally and linguistically diverse families in addition to the complexity of extensive support needs of many students in special education add additional barriers to successful and balanced collaboration (Harry, 2008). The reviewed research does not address the multifaceted aspects of collaboration and how CLD parents struggle to feel like an integral part of the team, especially those parents of students with extensive support needs (Olivos, Gallagher, & Aguilar, 2010). The goal for this study was to understand how to achieve equitable collaboration that improves student outcomes. This qualitative study surveyed five Spanish speaking parents (four women and one man) and eleven teachers (four men and seven women) and included interviews with two parents (one man and one woman), all from the same non-public school. The findings document how collaboration is defined by parents and teachers and that communication is a building block for collaboration. Findings also highlight barriers to collaboration and effective strategies for equitable collaboration. This project’s findings are significant in that there are implications for equity of collaboration between parents and schools with a concentrated focus on the CLD parents of students with extensive support needs
Equitable Access to Voting Practices in Marginalized Communities
Get PDFFor two hundred years Americans have had to fight for the right to vote, yet it is still an ongoing challenge for many communities, the Latinx community in particular. In this study I analyzed what factors determine an individual’s access and participation in the voting process, focusing on the Latinx community in the Canal District of San Rafael, who are impacted by the barriers intended to limit their ability to vote. This study used a mixed methodology to understand these factors with the aim of providing guidelines for supporting marginalized voters. In addition to using qualitative data from interviews with people who participated in voter advocacy, my findings incorporated literary analysis of three political memoirs written by prominent figures of color: Barack Obama, Kamala Harris, and Sonia Sotomayor in order to provide the perspective of people that are actively involved in politics and impacted by these barriers. The findings of this study indicated that the process of creating a safe space for marginalized voters to participate in elections includes providing adequate access to voting, resources that address the myriad of emotions that affect voting practices, political engagement at the family and community level, and educational resources on voting issues. All of these factors highlight what resources need to be provided in order to focus on creating a safe and inclusive space for participation in the voting process in the Canal District of San Rafael
Factors influencing the Relationship between the Latinx Community and Law Enforcement
Get PDFThe study has quantitative and qualitative aspects. The quantitative aspect measures how attitudes toward law enforcement and fear are related and how attitudes toward law enforcement and willingness to seek help from law enforcement are related. The qualitative aspect explores how trust plays a role in the relationship between the Latinx community and law enforcement. The qualitative aspect of the study also seeks to address how the overall relationship between the Latinx community and law enforcement can be improves. Participants completed a quantitative survey that measured their attitudes towards law enforcement, fear towards law enforcement, and willingness to accept help from law enforcement. Separate participants completed a qualitative interview that looked into the factors that influence the level of trust that Latinx Canal residents have in the San Rafael Police Department as well as how those levels of trust shape the interactions between residents of the Canal community and the San Rafael Police Department. The interviews were conducted over zoom and lasted twenty to thirty minutes. No significant correlation was found between attitudes regarding law enforcement in the Latinx community and fear levels. A significant correlation was found between attitudes regarding law enforcement in the Latinx community and willingness to seek help from law enforcement. The qualitative findings demonstrated that trust levels between police and the Latinx community residents can be increased through the humanization of both parties. The Latinx community residents expressed that the humanization process consists of police involvement in the community beyond security, frequent interactions between the police and residents over time, and through transparency. As trust levels increase, fear levels towards law enforcement decrease in the community
Accreditation, Affordability, and Accessibility of New Non-Profit Colleges in the United States
Get PDFTime-series data analysis demonstrates that the number of new colleges has dropped off gradually since its peak in the 1960s, and precipitously after the 1990s. The total number of new colleges is severely depressed, and among new colleges, religious, for-profit, and public colleges have started at a rate of 5x the number of private, secular, and non-profit ones. Interviews with contemporary secular, non-profit college founders and accreditation experts suggest that accreditation is the primary barrier to starting a new college. If we view higher education as an oligopoly or “cold cartel,” it explains the gradually falling quality and precipitously rising costs of higher education in the last seventy years. The economic theory of oligopolies suggests that lowering the barriers to entry for non-profit colleges would be an effective solution for solving the crises of quality, affordability, and accessibility facing higher education. Using the theoretical framework of organized irresponsibility, the researcher develops an explanation for legacy colleges’ and accreditors’ lack of responsibility and leadership, resistance to reform, and allegiance to the degrading status quo. The researcher uncovers three ways to remove the barriers to qualified professionals starting new colleges: 1) accreditor reform, 2) removing private accreditation from their gatekeeper role for federal Title IV funding and promoting state licensing in its place, or 3) founding new accreditors who will accredit new entrants. Findings suggest that the rigor of state licensing has improved over the last 40 years removing the original impetus to have accreditation in the first place
Wildfires Disturb the Natural Skin Microbiota of Terrestrial Salamanders
Get PDFEnvironmental change can disturb natural associations between wildlife and microbial symbionts, in many cases to the detriment of host health. We used a North American terrestrial salamander system to assess how the skin microbiota of amphibians responds to wildfires. In northern California\u27s redwood/oak forests, we assessed how recent wildfires affected the skin microbiota of three different salamander species (Taricha sp., Batrachoseps attenuatus, and Ensatina eschscholtzii) over two different sampling seasons in 2018 and 2021. We found species-specific responses to wildfire disturbance on the alpha diversity of the skin microbiota of terrestrial salamanders, although burning in general altered the composition of the skin microbiota. The effect of burning on alpha diversities and body condition indices varied by sampling season, suggesting an additional effect of annual climatic conditions on body condition and skin microbiota response. We tested all salamanders for Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis and found four infected individuals in 2018 and none in 2021. Our study documents correlations in the skin microbiota response to an increasing source of disturbance in western North American ecosystems. In addition, our results highlight the need to consider the effects of increased wildfire regimes/intensities and longitudinal effects on wildlife-associated microbiota and animal health
Investigating the structural changes of glycosaminoglycan polysaccharides in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
No full textDuchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a genetic disorder caused by a mutation in the DMD gene which leads to progressive muscle degeneration and ultimately death. The Dystrophin protein that is non-functioning within this disorder is a main component of the Dystrophin-associated glycoprotein complex (DGC) that stabilizes the plasma membrane of muscle cells. The DGC is maintained by proteoglycans, which are comprised of linear glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) attached to a protein core. Proteoglycans and their associated GAG chains have been found to play an important role in regulating the development and regeneration of muscle cells. However, no comprehensive profiling of the change in structure and expression of all GAGs in DMD pathology has been carried out. Here we show that the GAG chondroitin sulfate (CS) is elevated in dystrophic mouse tissues, and that the 4-O-sulfated species of CS is also elevated. We also show for the first-time that in DMD muscles, there are elevated levels of both total heparan sulfate (HS) and the 6-O-sulfated HS species. These are important mechanisms to understand as they may pertain to DMD specific disease biology and thus could aid in the development of novel therapeutics for the disorder
Imposter Phenomenon: The Occupational Experiences of First-Generation College Students
No full textBackground: First-generation college students (FGCS) represent an underserved population navigating higher education. There is a current gap in the literature regarding the interaction of occupational experiences, imposter phenomenon (IP), and FGCS. The purpose of this study is to use grounded theory to explore the occupational experience of IP among FGCS enrolled in a four-year university in California.
Method: This research is a qualitative study using grounded theory. Data was collected through a screening survey and interview with 11 participants who identified as FGCS.
Results: Thematic analysis generated five themes: (a) emotional aspects of IP, (b) collectivism, (c) balance, (d) communities of belonging, (e) othering. The theory of othering was created using grounded theory. FGCS\u27s sense of being extended beyond the individual to the collective. Imposter phenomenon and intersectionality contributed to barriers to belonging. Although THE participants still experienced othering at the university level, they created smaller communities with peers where they felt they belonged.
Conclusion: This study contributes to occupational science literature by expanding the understanding of occupational experiences regarding IP. The theory of othering can be used by those working with FGCS to address othering and enhance belonging
An Investigation of The Dominant-Negative Effect of Multiple HAE Type I, SERPING1 Mutations Through In Vitro Model(s)
No full textHereditary Angioedema (HAE) is a rare, autosomal dominant disease that causes reoccurring edema attacks that include submucosal and cutaneous swelling, which are sporadic and can be deadly. HAE is caused by mutations in the SERPING1 gene, causing a deficiency in plasma C1 esterase inhibitor, also known as C1-inhibitor or C1-INH. C1-inhibitor protein regulates pathways within the inflammatory cascade, which includes the contact system, complement system, coagulation cascade, and fibrinolytic system. HAE type I (HAE-I) patients experience a decrease in C1-INH plasma levels, leading to edema attacks. The decrease of C1-INH in HAE-I patients has been linked to a dominant-negative effect of HAE-I mutations, which has been demonstrated in previous studies. However, further investigation is needed to better understand the dominant-negative effect of HAE-I mutations. In this study, transient transfections were used to characterize the dominant-negative effect of multiple HAE-I mutations. This work shows that the expression of mutant C1-INH proteins affects the secretion of C1-INH through different mechanisms; the 1417 G\u3eA mutation is associated with intracellular C1-INH accumulation, while the 550 G\u3eA and 449 C\u3eT mutations are not. In addition, intracellular protein-protein interactions were observed between wild-type C1-INH and the 1417 G\u3eA mutant, but not between wild-type C1-INH and either the 550 G\u3eA or 449 C\u3eT mutants. These findings demonstrate that the dominant-negative effect can differ across mutations and implies that the molecular mechanism of HAE-I may vary according to a patient’s mutation