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First report of Phytophthora ramorum on Cotoneaster sp. in the USA.
No full textCotoneaster (Rosaceae) is a genus of woody plants native to the Palearctic region which includes popular ornamental plants; some are invasive in parts of the USA. In May 2022 symptomatic leaves were detected on Cotoneaster pannosus (Silverleaf Cotoneaster) in Marin County, California (37.89165, -122.56755 ), an area infested heavily by Phytophthora ramorum, causal agent of Sudden Oak Death. Symptoms consisted of dark brown necrotic spots mostly near the tips and sometimes on the margin of the leaves, covering less than half of the leaf surface; no die-back or symptoms on twigs were detected. Diseased leaves were surface-sterilized with 70% ethanol, washed twice with de-ionized water, and placed on PARPH(V8) media. Two Phytophthora ramorum like isolates (NORS058 and NORS059) were obtained from different leaf samples from the same tree and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region was sequenced. Both sequences were deposited in GenBank (OR224345 and OR224346). NORS058 and NORS059 showed 99.88% and 99.75% sequence identity to P. ramorum strain Ex-type CPHST BL 55G (MG865581.1). Detached leaves of C. pannosus and C. lacteus (Milkflower Cotoneaster) were inoculated with mycelial plugs of P. ramorum NORS058, and incubated at 20°C. Both species developed necrotic leaf spots seven days post inoculation (dpi). Sporulation of the pathogen was observed on symptomatic leaves of C. lacteus. P. ramorum was reisolated from the symptomatic leaf tissue from both Cotoneaster species. Pathogenicity tests were also performed on whole plants of C. dammeri (Bearberry Cotoneaster) using the strain NORS058. Five plants each were inoculated using three different methods: 1) a zoospore solution (concentration 2.5 x10E5 spores/mL) were sprayed on the plant surface until run off. Ten leaves per plant were wounded with a needle, the remaining leaves were not wounded; 2) 200 µL of the zoospore solution in a PCR tube were attached to 5 leaves of each plant; and 3) 10 mL of the zoospore solution was drenched into the potting mix of the five plants. Control plants were treated as above but with water instead of the zoospore solution. Leaf spots developed 7 dpi on plants sprayed with zoospores on wounded leaves; and 10 dpi on plants treated with zoospores in the tube. P. ramorum was reisolated from symptomatic leaves treated with the first two methods mentioned above. Plants treated with a soil drench did not develop symptoms on the aerial parts or on roots that were sampled 50 dpi. Tests using AGDIA- immunostrips of the roots were negative. Control plants showed no aerial or root symptoms. To our knowledge, this is the first report of P. ramorum occurring on Cotoneaster in the USA. Previously, inoculation of detached leaves of C. dammeri and C. horizontalis with P. ramorum in Serbia resulted in symptom expression (Bulajić et al. 2010). P. ramorum was reported from a Cotoneaster sp. in the UK in 2010, but no further information were presented (FERA 2015). The tree sampled in 2022 showed symptoms again in spring 2023 and official regulatory samples were taken by the CDFA (California Department of Food and Agriculture) and confirmed by the USDA. During a survey in 2023, more symptomatic Cotoneaster plants were detected in Marin County, California, indicating Cotoneaster might play a role in the epidemiology of the disease. References: FERA 2015. https://planthealthportal.defra.gov.uk/pests-and-diseases/high-profile-pests-and-diseases/phytophthora/ Bulajić et al. 2010. Plant Dis. 94(6): 703
Effects of Screen Time Duration on Adolescents
Get PDFhttps://scholar.dominican.edu/nursing-student-research-posters/1007/thumbnail.jp
Kangaroo Care Education for Low Socioeconomic Status Families in The Neonatal Care Unit
Get PDFThe early contact between mother and baby is known as skin-to-skin, also referred to as “kangaroo care” (KC). It involves placing the baby on the mother’s chest as soon as it is appropriate (Thompson, 1979). This interaction was primarily for bonding but many researchers have discovered additional benefits. There is significant correlation between kangaroo care and weight gain (especially for low birth weight infants), as well as body temperature and heart rate regulation, which reduces the risk of medical complications. It also decreases levels of stress in mothers and babies by lowering the release of cortisol hormone (Mohammadi et al. 2021). The purpose of this study is to investigate the disparities in access and utilization of KC for newborns. The study will also assess the impact of these disparities on maternal and infant outcomes such as weight gain, temperature regulation, neurocognitive enhancement, particularly among families of low-socioeconomic status. A literature review investigated research on topics such as benefits of kangaroo care, challenges and disparities for implementation of kangaroo care for families with low socioeconomic status, and prenatal teaching as an intervention. Pregnant women will be randomly assigned to either the control or experimental group receiving the intervention. We will use descriptive statistics to compare the means of the two groups of women. The inferential statistics will be used to determine the p-value and predict statistical significance . If the p-value is lower than 0.05 there will be a higher probability that the results are statistically significant and not by random chance that prenatal education will increase kangaroo care as an intervention, therefore we can reject the null hypothesis.https://scholar.dominican.edu/nursing-student-research-posters/1021/thumbnail.jp
Effectiveness of Music Therapy in Postoperative Children with Developmental Disabilities
Get PDFAdministration of opioids is the preferred practice to treat postoperative pain in a hospital setting. However, there are disadvantages to this method (Benyamin et al., 2008). Postoperative children with developmental disabilities are difficult to assess and manage pain. A patient analgesic pump (PCA) pump administers low dose opioid to the patient during pain episodes. However, many children with developmental disabilities are unable to adequately verbalize their pain and/or understand the purpose of a PCA. To help with this problem they are given a parent/nurse controlled analgesia (PNCA) pump (Czarnecki et al., 2018). However, due to the unknown safety range and efficacy of the PNCA it may cause potential adverse effects. The purpose of this research proposal is to explore if music therapy can be used as an additive pain management treatment for postoperative pain in children with developmental disabilities. This proposal will consist of a quasi-experimental design with two convenient sample groups (experimental and control). Both groups will be given a pre and post test to measure their Faces, Legs, Activity, Cry, and Consolability (FLACC) scores. The experimental group will receive the therapy intervention. Descriptive statistics will be used to compare the means of the two samples from the pre- and post-tests. Inferential statistics will be used to determine the p-value and if the results are statistically significant. If p-value is less than 0.05 then I can reject the null hypothesis, proving music therapy decreases postoperative pain levels in children with disabilities.https://scholar.dominican.edu/nursing-student-research-posters/1025/thumbnail.jp
Jaak\u27s Bevs Business Plan
Get PDFNine out of ten start-up businesses fail. Among the many arguments why this happens, one key reason is that start-ups do not have a well thought-out business plan, which prepares them to think through the business planning process in a systematic manner. In my Entrepreneurship course in the Barowsky School of Business, we used “The Successful Business Plan: Secrets & Strategies” by Rhonda Abrams (2019) to build a semester-long business planning project. Because the work is still in progress, the current study presents some of the main elements that are key for a successful start-up business: mission statement, company description, industry analysis, target market, competition, marketing strategy, and social responsibility. The course has students practice these steps through the creation of their own start-up business. In my case, I focused on a non-alcoholic beverage company called Jaak’s Bevs. This brand explores the concept and business model for a non-alcoholic drink in the market because we observe the trend of a decline in the consumption of alcohol throughout the United States and consumer need of an alternative drink to fit in with peers in social settings or in the comfort of their own homes. In this academic exercise, I examine how these elements of business planning can be applied to Jaak\u27s Bevs to position it for success
Mental Health in Sports Media
Get PDFThis paper looks at the increasingly popular conversation surrounding mental health in sports. It provides a glimpse into how common the struggle of mental health can be for many high-level athletes while also examining the narrative and expectations that society and the media have created. The paper also provides examples of prominent athletes from a variety of different sports and delves into their personal mental health experiences in the eyes of the media. The goal of this paper is to show the progression and change of how the media portrays mental health amongst athletes in today’s ever-changing world
Does Watching Television Correlate with Self-Esteem in College Students
Get PDFThe correlation between self-esteem and television in college students was studied. It was hypothesized that younger students would report lower self-esteem than older students (hypothesis 1); students who report higher levels of television viewing will report lower self-esteem (hypothesis 2); and students who see themselves represented more often in television will report higher levels of self-esteem and students who see themselves less represented in television and tv shows would report lower levels of self-esteem (hypothesis 3). Participants consisted of 104 people between the ages of 18 and 65. Many participants were undergraduate students from Dominican University of California. Participants filled out an anonymous online survey, which had them rate their self-esteem on a four-point Likert scale from the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Results were significant for age and self-esteem and indicated that older students reported lower self-esteem than younger students. The results for hypothesis 2 were not supported, while the results for hypothesis 3 indicated a correlation between age and self-esteem, race/ethnicity and self-esteem, race/ethnicity and television viewing. However, 99 students were between the ages of 18-25, which means that the findings of this study may not show an accurate correlation between self-esteem and age
The Digital Divide: The Path Towards Digital Inclusivity
Get PDFThe gap between those Americans who use or have access to ICTs and those who do not is referred to as the digital divide (PACEs, 2002). The pandemic has increased dependence on technology and exacerbated the digital divide, which perpetuates existing systems of racism and poverty (Early et al., 2021). In this study, a mixed-method approach was conducted to understand what digital literacy skills parents need to overcome the digital divide and support their child\u27s education. Specifically, the study explored how the program Impact Technology training has affected parents\u27 involvement with their child\u27s education. There were 175 Latinx parents that received digital literacy training with Impact Technology. Pre and post-surveys from 2021-2022 were used to conduct a linear regression and paired sample t-tests. Six qualitative interviews were also conducted with parents to understand the impacts of the digital literacy classes. After comparing means the quantitative data showed that the intervention had a large effect size, and that parents need digital literacy training in addition to access to computers and technology. Qualitative data revealed three central themes in parents’ experiences, Impact Technology not only improved parents\u27 digital literacy skills but also led to improvement in other aspects of their well-being; positive class experiences led to greater motivation to pursue further training in ICTs; and despite the success of the training, there is a continued need for the school district to remove technological barriers that are perpetuating a system of educational inequity
Early American Disabilities Studies: Teaching (and Confronting) Internalized Ableism
Get PDFHow might college instructors introduce students to disabled people in an earlier America who expressed negative views about disability? How can we discuss ableism and internalized ableism in the classroom without chastising or shaming?
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The Effect of Nursing Education on the Utilization of Kangaroo Mother Care and Weight Gain of Preterm and Low Birth Weight Infants
Get PDFKangaroo Mother Care (KMC), often referred to as skin-to-skin contact, is an intervention for preterm and low birth weight infants, involving the practice of the mother or caregiver holding the newborn against their bare chest (Cleveland Clinic, 2023). This is a cost-effective and natural way to enhance health outcomes such as temperature regulation, weight gain, respiratory function, pain mitigation, and facilitation of breastfeeding for the neonate (Jefferies et al., 2012).
Nursing staff may have limited knowledge regarding KMC which creates challenges in effectively educating parents. This information prompts the following question: “Can Nurse Education about the Importance of Kangaroo Mother Care Increase its Utilization and Promote Weight gain in Low Birthweight and Preterm Infants?”https://scholar.dominican.edu/nursing-student-research-posters/1045/thumbnail.jp