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Digital Twins in Critical Infrastructure
No full textThis study aims to examine the use of digital twins in critical infrastructure through a literature review as well as a bibliometric and scientific mapping analysis. A total of 3414 documents from Scopus and Web of Science (WoS) are examined. According to the findings, digital twins play an important role in critical infrastructure as they can improve the security, resilience, reliability, maintenance, continuity, and functioning of critical infrastructure in all sectors. Intelligent and autonomous decision-making, process optimization, advanced traceability, interactive visualization, and real-time monitoring, analysis, and prediction emerged as some of the benefits that digital twins can yield. Finally, the findings revealed the ability of digital twins to bridge the gap between physical and virtual environments, to be used in conjunction with other technologies, and to be integrated into various settings and domains.15845
Energy Storage in Carbon Fiber-Based Batteries: Trends and Future Perspectives
No full textCarbon fiber-based batteries, integrating energy storage with structural functionality, are emerging as a key innovation in the transition toward energy sustainability. Offering significant potential for lighter and more efficient designs, these advanced battery systems are increasingly gaining ground. Through a bibliometric analysis of scientific literature, the study identifies three primary research areas: (i) the development of anodes for lithium-ion batteries, tackling challenges such as dendrite formation and performance degradation; (ii) the creation of new carbon fiber-based cathodes with coatings of LiFePO4, LiCoO2, or other nanoparticles, alongside efforts to develop cobalt-free alternatives; and (iii) the advancement of solid electrolytes that achieve a balance between ionic conductivity and mechanical strength. These advancements position carbon fiber-based batteries as promising solutions for seamless integration into various structural applications. The analysis of publication trends, citation patterns, and collaboration networks provides critical insights into the ongoing technological developments, current research challenges, and emerging trends in this field. Moreover, the study highlights potential research directions, underscoring the importance of continuous innovation to fully realize the potential of carbon fiber-based energy storage technologies.14211003
Social media actually used by people with visual impairment: A scoping review
No full textSocial media use is an integral part of people’s daily routine nowadays. Obviously, individuals with visual impairment are not excluded and use social media as well, even though they still face accessibility issues. The purpose of this review was to provide an overview of the existing literature on social media used by individuals with visual impairment and of the ways social media have been conceptualized throughout it. A literature search took place in the databases EBSCOhost, ERIC, Scopus and ResearchGate as well as the search engine Google Scholar. A total of 13 studies, published from 2011 to 2022 met our criteria and were included in this scoping review. According to our results, Facebook is the most used social media website by individuals with visual impairment as it was referenced in almost every single one of the studies reviewed and was recognized as the most used by individuals with visual impairment in the majority of them. Twitter is the second most popular social media website among individuals with visual impairment, followed by YouTube, WhatsApp, LinkedIn, Instagram, and Skype. Consequently, the statement that Facebook is the most popular social media website based on the number of its users is also confirmed with regard to users with visual impairment. However, the fact that an instant messaging service, such as WhatsApp, is recognized among researchers as a social medium when various social media definitions in the existing literature exclude this type of services showcases the confusion prevailing among researchers in this field. Thus, the literature would greatly benefit if researchers proposed a more thorough and robust definition for the widely, often inaccurately, used term social media.42383284
Goal Contents, State Empathy and Instructional Goals in a Physical Disability Vignette
No full textSetting and recommending instructional goals represents an important communication process in educational and health domains, which are intersected in many cases. However, little is known about the antecedents of instructional goals. The aim of the present study was to examine how the contents of participants’ personal goals in life (i.e. goal contents) and state empathy during message processing affected the processes of prioritizing instructional goals in the case of an adolescent who presented physical disability and impaired cognitive functioning, as presented in a video vignette. Health and care practitioners who were members of the educational system, in-service teachers and university students of disciplines related to health, rehabilitation or education, participated in a cross-sectional study. The findings showed that the participants proposed instructional goals according to their current goal contents and state empathy. In particular, state empathy demonstrated both main effects and mediations in influencing intrinsic instructional goals. However, state empathy, in fact its associative component, influenced an extrinsic goal domain as well. Interpretations of this phenomenon are presented, and the limitations of some tools are demonstrated. In addition, suggestions are put forward regarding implications and future research for a proximal causation of the instructional goals.39471772
Application of IoT in Virus Detection
No full textToday, healthcare system models should have high accuracy and sensitivity so that patients do not have a misdiagnosis. For this reason, sufficient knowledge of the area is required, with the medical staff being able to validate the correctness of their decisions. Therefore, artificial intelligence (AI) in combination with other emerging technologies could provide many benefits in the medical sector
CLINT: Controller-Assisted Lightweight In-Band Network Telemetry
No full textThe increasing need for high-precision monitoring and network-wide observability has spurred significant interest in In-Band Network Telemetry (INT), which empowers the collection of monitoring data directly from the dataplane, thus, alleviating the various shortcomings of passive monitoring techniques. INT, in some of its initial forms (e.g., P4-INT), tends to accumulate per-hop telemetry values within each packet, introducing substantial transmission overhead. Recent efforts to alleviate this shortcoming spread per-hop telemetry values among multiple packets, but eventually cause other implications, such as INT data redundancy or collisions during state lookup, stemming from the probabilistic data structures that they employ. Along these lines, we stress on the need for a lightweight INT approach with deterministic behavior. To this end, we present a new INT approach (Controller-Assisted Lightweight In-Band Network Telemetry - CLINT) that relies on a telemetry controller for the coordination of INT nodes, through the update of telemetry states, which indicate at each instance the telemetry action that should be applied to each incoming packet. We discuss in detail the operation of CLINT, as well as its prototype implementation using P4 BMv2 and the P4Runtime API. Our evaluation results indicate that CLINT outperforms two state-of-the-art lightweight INT techniques (i.e., PINT and DLINT) in terms of monitoring efficiency and network update detection, while maintaining an insignificant control communication overhead.509985101
Female Genealogy and Cultural Memory in Georgia
No full textThree generations of women creators of Georgian cinema belonging to the same family, the Gogoberidze family, will form the basis for this research, which aims to explore the notion of female genealogy through a multimodal ethnography. What type of memories does this female genealogy shape and how is it shaped by them? My research combines bibliographical research, interviews, and film analysis. By doing so, I examine how family memories as story-telling cross different expressive media and bridge generations by postulating the role of affective memory as key factor for the formation this genealogy. In addition to that, I pinpoint to the fact of the creative resignification of genealogy as part of these women’s engagement with cinema but also the social struggles of their times (feminism, anti-Russian politics, etc.).838
Voice Onset Time of Greek Stops Productions by Greek Children with Cochlear Implants and Normal Hearing
No full textIntroduction: Research on voice onset time (VOT) production of stops in children with CI versus NH has reported conflicting results. Effects of age and place of articulation on VOT have not been examined for children with CI. The purpose of this study was to examine VOT production by Greek-speaking children with CI in comparison to NH controls, with a focus on the effects of age, type of stimuli, and place of articulation. Methods: Participants were 24 children with CI aged from 2;8 to 13;3 years and 24 age- and gender-matched children with NH. Words were elicited via a picture-naming task, and nonwords were elicited via a fast mapping procedure. Results: For voiced stops, children with CI showed longer VOT than children with NH, whereas VOT for voiceless stops was similar to that of NH peers. Also, in both voiced and voiceless stops, the VOT differed as a function of age and place of articulation across groups. Differences as a function of stimulus type were only noted for voiced stops across groups. Conclusions: For the voiced stop consonants, which demand more articulatory effort, VOT production in children with CI was longer than in children with NH. For the voiceless stop consonants, VOT production in children with CI is acquired at a young age.76210912
Exploring Teachers’ Competences to Integrate Augmented Reality in Education: Results from an International Study
No full textAugmented Reality (AR) can enhance learning experiences offering many benefits to students. However, its integration in educational practice is rather limited due to several obstacles. One of these obstacles is the absence of AR digital competencies among instructors. Limited research exists about teachers’competence areas in integrating AR in teaching and learning. The current study utilizes the validated Teachers’ AR Competences (TARC) framework to investigate teachers’ self-perceived competences in creating, using, and managing AR resources. Furthermore, it investigates educators’ attitudes towards integrating AR in education. An online survey received responses from 150 educators worldwide. Quantitative results indicated that while teachers have positive attitudes towards educational AR, they do not feel confident in creating, using, or managing AR resources and experiences. All TARC subscales found to be significantly correlated to attitudes towards AR. No significant differences were found across all competence areas in regard to gender, age, and teaching level. However, statistically significant differences were found across all competence areas with respect to the teaching subject, general digital skills level, and previous class use of AR. Among the main practice and policy implications discussed, we suggest the need for training teachers in instructional design that deploys AR experiences.6861208122
The Use of Information Entropy and Expert Opinion in Maximizing the Discriminating Power of Composite Indicators
No full textThis research offers a solution to a highly recognized and controversial problem within the composite indicator literature: sub-indicators weighting. The research proposes a novel hybrid weighting method that maximizes the discriminating power of the composite indicator with objectively defined weights. It considers the experts’ uncertainty concerning the conceptual importance of sub-indicators in the multidimensional phenomenon, setting maximum and minimum weights (constraints) in the optimization function. The hybrid weighting scheme, known as the SAW-Max-Entropy method, avoids attributing weights that are incompatible with the multidimensional phenomenon’s theoretical framework. At the same time, it reduces the influence of assessment errors and judgment biases on composite indicator scores. The research results show that the SAW-Max-Entropy weighting scheme achieves greater discriminating power than weighting schemes based on the Entropy Index, Expert Opinion, and Equal Weights. The SAW-Max-Entropy method has high application potential due to the increasing use of composite indicators across diverse areas of knowledge. Additionally, the method represents a robust response to the challenge of constructing composite indicators with superior discriminating power.26214