Repositório Institucional da Universidade Estadual da Paraíba
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Global warming drives phenological shifts and hinders reproductive success in a temperate octocoral
No full textGlobal warming is profoundly reshaping biodiversity. Until now, most research has focused on the impacts of extreme temperature events. However, in many ecosystems, it is becoming increasingly apparent that climate change is accelerating the onset of spring warming conditions. These advanced warming conditions can significantly disrupt critical biological processes such as reproduction, which is key for population persistence. While interest in phenological shifts has increased in recent years, their effects on marine foundation species, such as corals, remain poorly understood. Here, we combined observational and experimental approaches to assess the effects of advanced spring warming conditions driven by climate change on the reproduction of the Mediterranean octocoral Paramuricea clavata, a foundation species. Our findings reveal that a 2°C warming leads to a 2-week advancement in P. clavata spawning, as evidenced by both field observations, and ex-situ experiments. These results underscore the role of advanced spring warming as a significant driver of phenological shifts in coastal marine ecosystems. Furthermore, we show that this phenological shift lead to a reduction in the number of spawning events, as well as decreases in larval biomass, survival rates, and settlement success. These findings highlight the urgent necessity to monitor phenological changes in foundational marine species, as such shifts can undermine the long-term viability of coral populations and contribute to a substantial decline in associated biodiversity. Consequently, the increased vulnerability of species caused by phenological responses driven by seasonal changes may lead to more dramatic consequences of ocean warming than previously anticipate
Chip-Sized Microscopy for Continuous Monitoring: Application in White Wine Fermentation and Yeast Cell Counting via Deep Learning
No full textNowadays, continuous monitoring is a difficult issue in microscopy. A chip-sized microscope was developed, composed only of microelectronic components, with high optical resolution and a wide field of view. Due to its miniaturized size, it can be placed on or attached to the sample for continuous monitoring in the sample environment. An example of an application of this microscope for the food and beverage industry is described, referring to the study of the fermentation process of white wine. The comparison of the images acquired with conventional optical microscopy reveals similar results. To automatically count yeast cells, the traditional image postprocessing is compared with deep learning. Neural networks achieve similar cell recognition characteristics but with an ~100× speed improvement, by directly processing the obtained holograms
El Cànnabis i els seus usos terapèutics (Seminaris de Recerca 2025)
No full textEl cànnabis és una droga que s'extreu de la planta Cannabis sativa.
Amb les fulles, tiges, flors o resines s'elaboren les drogues il·legals més consumides a Espanya, a Europa i al món: la marihuana i l'haixix.
El cànnabis a més dels usos recreatius, el cànnabis s'ha utilitzat de forma empírica des de l'antiguitat per les seves suposades propietats terapèutiques.
En els darrers anys se n'ha descrit el consum per part de grups de pacients afectats per algunes malalties i se n'ha investigat la possible utilitat en diferents indicacions
Nuclear stiffness through lamin A/C overexpression differentially modulates chromosomal instability biomarkers
No full textBackground Information
Mitosis is crucial for the faithful transmission of genetic material, and disruptions can result in chromosomal instability (CIN), a hallmark of cancer. CIN is a known driver of tumor heterogeneity and anti-cancer drug resistance, thus highlighting the need to assess CIN levels in cancer cells to design effective targeted therapy. While micronuclei are widely recognized as CIN markers, we have recently identified the toroidal nucleus, a novel ring-shaped nuclear phenotype arising as well from chromosome mis-segregation.
Results
Here, we examined whether increasing nuclear envelope stiffness through lamin A/C overexpression could affect the formation of toroidal nuclei and micronuclei. Interestingly, lamin A/C overexpression led to an increase in toroidal nuclei while reducing micronuclei prevalence. We demonstrated that chromatin compaction and nuclear stiffness drive the formation of toroidal nuclei. Furthermore, inhibition of autophagy and lysosomal function elevated the frequency of toroidal nuclei without affecting the number of micronuclei in the whole cell population. We demonstrated that this divergence between the two CIN biomarkers is independent of defects in lamin A processing.
Conclusions and Significance
These findings uncover a complex interplay between nuclear architecture and levels of CIN, advancing our understanding of the mechanisms supporting genomic stability and further contributing to cancer biology
El 47 y nosotras
No full textEl relato de Marcel Barrena nos dice: mirad que hay una parte de la ciudad que no queréis ver y que tiene todo el derecho de vivir aquí en igualdad de condiciones que el rest
Ochre use during the Upper Palaeolithic: a continuous record from Finca Doña Martina and Abrigo de la Boja rock-shelters, Mula, Murcia, Spain.
No full textThe use of colour is a common feature in Upper Palaeolithic sites. However, the analysis of ochre assemblages recovered in residential contexts is rarely the object of systematic analyses. Here we analyse two ochre assemblages, recovered in the Upper Palaeolithic levels of two sites, Abrigo de la Boja and Finca Doña Martina, located in Mula, Spain: 407 and 35 ochre pieces respectively, spanning the entire Upper Palaeolithic. We combined a technological analysis with an elemental and mineralogical characterisation of the archaeological ochre and natural ochre pieces collected in nearby outcrops. Our findings suggest that the inhabitants of the sites collected ochre of different compositions, from different proveniences. They consistently processed ochre using the same techniques throughout, probably to produce large quantities of powder and for a variety of purposes of a symbolic or functional nature
Development and assessment of magnesium phosphate cements by using industrial by-products and wastes
No full text[eng] The construction sector is globally recognized as a significant contributor to environmental pollution, particularly in terms of climate change and the depletion of natural resources. These environmental impacts arise from various factors, including the materials used, the technologies applied, and transportation processes involved. In response, the industry is increasingly prioritizing strategies to reduce its carbon footprint by adopting innovative solutions that minimize environmental impact and promote sustainability.
One such approach is the development of alternative cements that valorise industrial by-products and wastes. These efforts aim to conserve natural resources, protect the environment, and promote sustainable construction practices. Among these alternatives, magnesium phosphate cement (MPC) has gained recognition as a promising option. MPC is typically composed of a magnesium oxide (MgO) source and a phosphate source. However, due to the high carbon dioxide emissions associated with the production of pure magnesium oxide, identifying sustainable alternatives is essential to minimizing their environmental impact.
This PhD thesis explores the feasibility of using industrial by-products and wastes as substitutes for pure magnesium oxide in the production of MPC. Specifically, it focuses on tundish deskulling waste (TUN), a waste of the steel industry, and low-grade magnesium oxide (LG-MgO; LG), a by-product derived from magnesite calcination. This approach aligns with principles of the circular economy, promotes efficient wastes management, and contributes to the achievement of sustainable development goals (SDGs), particularly in addressing climate change.
The research began with a comprehensive evaluation of the global landscape of alternative magnesium oxide sources, offering valuable context while identifying existing opportunities and challenges. Following, a detailed investigation was conducted into the properties of TUN, marking its first-ever application as a raw material for MgO-based cements. The analysis assessed its suitability for cement formulations, its performance in mortar development, and, finally, its environmental impact through a life cycle assessment (LCA).
Subsequent chapters focused on the characterization of cements incorporating TUN and LG-MgO. The first study examined the synergistic effects of combining these materials, emphasizing their compatibility and mutual benefits. The second study shifted attention solely on LG-MgO, exploring its versatility and potential for innovative applications in the construction sector.
The present doctoral thesis highlights the transformative potential of alternative secondary sources, such as TUN and LG-MgO, as sustainable raw materials for MPC production. By minimizing the environmental footprint of conventional cement formulations, this research offers a pathway for a greener and more sustainable construction industry, emphasizing the pivotal role of industrial by-products and wastes in the advancement of cementitious materials.[cat] El sector de la construcció és reconegut globalment com un dels principals responsables de la contaminació ambiental, especialment pel canvi climàtic i l’esgotament dels recursos naturals. Aquest impacte prové dels materials utilitzats, les tecnologies emprades i els processos de transport. En resposta, aquesta indústria busca reduir la seva petjada de carboni mitjançant solucions innovadores i sostenibles.
Una estratègia per aconseguir-ho és el desenvolupament de ciments alternatius que valoritzin residus i subproductes industrials. Aquests ciments tenen com a objectiu conservar els recursos naturals, protegir el medi ambient i fomentar pràctiques de construcció més sostenibles. El ciment de fosfat de magnesi (MPC), format per una font d’òxid de magnesi (MgO) i una font de fosfat, és una opció prometedora. No obstant això, la producció d’òxid de magnesi de pur genera elevades emissions de diòxid de carboni, per la qual cosa és essencial identificar alternatives més sostenibles.
Aquesta tesi doctoral explora la viabilitat d’utilitzar residus i subproductes industrials com a substituts de l’òxid de magnesi pur per a la producció de MPC. Concretament, analitza l’ús de residus de l’artesa del tundish (TUN), provinents de la indústria siderúrgica i un òxid de magnesi de baixa qualitat (LG-MgO; LG), derivat de la calcinació de la magnesita. Aquesta estratègia s’alinea amb els principis de l’economia circular i la gestió eficient de residus, contribuint a la consecució dels objectius de desenvolupament sostenible (ODS).
La recerca s'inicia amb una avaluació global de les fonts alternatives d'òxid de magnesi, seguida d'una anàlisi detallada del TUN per al desenvolupament de ciments, morters i l'anàlisi ambiental, marcant la primera vegada que aquest residu s'utilitza com a matèria primera en el sector de la construcció. A continuació, s'examina la possibilitat de combinar TUN amb LG-MgO per a la formulació de ciments, així com la versatilitat del LG-MgO per a noves aplicacions en la indústria de la construcció. Els resultats obtinguts evidencien el gran potencial dels residus industrials per reduir l'impacte ambiental dels ciments tradicionals i promoure un model de construcció més sostenible
VirtualPain. Preliminary findings from a group-based digital therapeutics intervention for fibromyalgia
No full textIntroduction: Fibromyalgia (FM) is a disorder characterized by chronic pain, with significant medical, psychological, and socio-economic implications. Although there is limited evidence, cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) has shown to be effective in improving FM symptoms. An alternative to enhance CBT effectiveness is to incorporate digital therapeutics (DTx). Aim: We conducted a pilot study to investigate whether the addition of a DTx intervention (VirtualPain)to cognitive-behavioral group therapy (CBGT) can reduce pain perception and associated symptoms in patients with FM. Method: Ten patients with FM were initially recruited from a public hospital in Barcelona. The treatment consisted of 6 weeks of VirtualPain group sessions and 16 weeks of CBGT. Measures of catastrophizing, self-efficacy, and coping were recorded before, during, and after the protocol. In the DTx sessions, pain intensity was recorded before and after each session. Results: The program (DTx and CBGT) showed asignificant improvement in pain-related self-efficacy and relaxation measures. Improvement in pain perception was observed only after the DTx intervention. Conclusions: This study provides preliminary results regarding the addedvalue ofDTx(VirtualPain) as part of a CBGTfor FM. The use of the program has facilitated a significant reduction in pain perception in each of the VirtualPain sessions, which provides further evidence of how this technology can be beneficial for improving FM treatments
La nada y el vacío: una relectura a contracorriente de la historia de la metafísica occidental, a partir del concepto de "vacío", para una nueva definición de la democracia
No full text[spa] Toda la historia de la metafísica occidental ha sido la historia del ser. Pero aunque Heidegger tuviera razón con que hay un “olvido del ser”, se demostrará que hay una “renegación” aun más fundamental y originaria de la “nada”. En tanto que lo otro del ser no es lo otro en sí mismo, sino la nada, en esta tesis se intentará tomar el “camino no elegido” por la metafísica occidental, para contar la otra mitad de la historia. Releyendo la historia de la metafísica occidental a contracorriente, como el negativo de una fotografía, saldrán a la superfície dos corrientes (y no tan solo una): la “dominante” (plenista) y la “subterránea” (vacuista). En su metodología, esta tesis es tan diacrónica como sincrónica: en cuanto “diacronía” es historia y, en tanto que “sincronía” es lenguaje. Se empezará con un primer capítulo sobre la fenomenología de la existencia (material) del “vacío” como un “adjetivo” (relativo) de la experiencia fáctica del trabajo, lo cual nos dará como fruto sus dos formas originarias: la “concavidad” y la “convexidad”. A continuación se estudiará el “vacío” como un sustantivo y concepto, es decir, como un principio (me)ontológico de la “naturaleza” en la Antigüedad. En tercer lugar, el “vaciamiento” se verbalizará e interiorizará a lo largo de la mística medieval cristiana, convirtiéndose en una “acción subjetiva y ética” (kenosis). En este punto de inflexión, juntando las tres primeras partes habremos obtenido una gramática del “vacío”, en tanto que la vacuidad de un “vacío” vaciándose a sí mismo. Puesto en metafísico, de la Edad Antigua extraeremos una me-ontología del “vacío”, mientras que de la Edad Media sacaremos una teología negativa. Combinadas, nos ofrecerán una metafísica (es decir, una me-onto-teo-logía) negativa del “vacío”. Después de un breve paso por la Modernidad, tras del cual el “vacío” se desgarrará entre el “objetivo” y el “subjetivo”, este último pasará del “sujeto” cartesiano a la tabula rasa de Locke. No será hasta llegar al “concepto” kantiano que la “nada” se entronizará en la Edad Contemporánea, sacando a la superficie la hasta entonces “corriente subterránea” del “materialismo del vacío”. Entonces analizaremos las tres “escuelas de la sospecha” como sospechosas de la ontología plenista: para Nietzsche el “vacío” será moral (nihilismo); para Freud, psicológico (castración); y para Marx, social (proletariado). Estirando de este último hilo, concluiremos con una nueva definición de la democracia (radical) a partir del concepto de “vacío”. Esta tesis finalizará con la inversión del “Saber Absoluto” de Hegel en una “Humildad Relativa”.[cat] Tota la història de la metafísica occidental ha estat la història de l’ésser. Però encara que Heidegger tingués raó amb què hi ha un “oblit de l’ésser”, es demostrarà que hi ha hagut una “renegació” encara més fonamental i originària del “no-res”. En tant que l’altre de l’ésser no és l’altre en si mateix, sinó el no-res, en aquesta tesi s’intentarà agafar el “camí no triat” per la metafísica occidental, per a explicar l’altra meitat de la història. Rellegint la història de la metafísica occidental a contra corrent, com el negatiu d’una fotografia, sortiran a la superfície dos corrents (i no només una): la “dominant” (plenista) i la “subterrània” (vacuista). En la seva metodologia, aquesta tesi és tan diacrònica com sincrònica: com a “diacronia” és història i, com a “sincronia” és llenguatge. Es començarà amb un primer capítol sobre la fenomenologia de l’existència (material) del “buit” com un “adjectiu” (relatiu) de l’experiència fàctica del treball, la qual cosa ens donarà com a fruit les seves dues formes originàries: la “concavitat” i la “convexitat”. A continuació s’estudiarà el “buit” com un substantiu i concepte, és a dir, com un principi (em)ontològic de la “naturalesa” a l’Antiguitat. En tercer lloc, el “buidament” es verbalitzarà i interioritzarà al llarg de la mística medieval cristiana, convertint-se en una “acció subjectiva i ètica” (kenosis). En aquest punt d’inflexió, ajuntant les tres primeres parts haurem obtingut una gramàtica del “buit”, en tant que la vacuïtat d'un “buit” buidant-se a si mateix. Posat en metafísic, de l’Edat Antiga n’extraurem una me-ontologia del “buit”, mentre que de l’Edat Mitjana en traurem una teologia negativa. Combinades, ens oferiran una metafísica (és a dir, una me-onto-teo-logia) negativa del “buit”. Després d’un breu pas per la Modernitat, després del qual el “buit” s’esquinçarà entre l’ “objectiu” i el “subjectiu”, aquest últim passarà del “subjecte” cartesià a la tabula rasa de Locke. No serà fins a arribar al “concepte” kantià que el “no-res” s’entronitzarà a l’Edat Contemporània, traient a la superfície la fins llavors “corrent subterrània” del “materialisme del buit”. Llavors analitzarem les tres “escoles de la sospita” com a sospitoses de l’ontologia plenista: per a Nietzsche el “buit” serà moral (nihilisme); per a Freud, psicològic (castració); i per a Marx, social (proletariat). Estirant d’aquest últim fil, conclourem amb una nova definició de la democràcia (radical) a partir del concepte de “buit”. Aquesta tesi finalitzarà amb la inversió del “Saber Absolut” d’Hegel en una “Humilitat Relativa”.[eng] The whole history of Western metaphysics has been the history of being. But even if Heidegger was right that there is a “forgetting of being,” it will be demonstrated that there is an even more fundamental and original “disavowal” of “nothingness.” Insofar as the other of being is not the other in itself, but nothingness, this thesis will attempt to follow the road not taken by Western metaphysics, in order to tell the other half of the story. Rereading the history of Western metaphysics against the grain, like the negative of a photograph, two currents (and not just one) will come to the surface: the “dominant” (plenist) and the “underground” (vacuist). In its methodology, this thesis is as diachronic as it is synchronic: in terms of “diachronicity,” it is history, and in terms of “synchronicity,” it is language. We will begin with a first chapter on the phenomenology of (material) existence of the “empty” as a (relative) “adjective” of the factual experience of work, which will offers us its two original forms: “concavity” and “convexity”. Next, we will study the “void” as a noun and concept, that is, as a (me)ontological principle of “nature” in Antiquity. Thirdly, “emptying” will be verbalized and internalized throughout medieval Christian mysticism, becoming a “subjective and ethical action” (kenosis). At this turning point, bringing together the first three parts, we will obtain a grammar of the “void”, understood as the emptiness of an “void” emptying-itself. Put in metaphysical terms, from Antiquity we will extract a me-ontology of the “void,” while from the Middle Ages we will draw a negative theology. Combined, they will offer us a negative metaphysics (that is, a me-onto-theo-logy) of “emptiness.” After a brief passage through Modernity, after which “void” will be dirempted between the “objective” and the “subjective”, the latter will move from the Cartesian “subject” to Locke’s tabula rasa. It will not be until we reach the Kantian “concept” that “nothingness” will be enthroned in the Contemporary Age, bringing to the surface the hitherto “underground current” of the “materialism of the void.” We will then analyse the three “schools of suspicion” as suspicious of plenist ontology: for Nietzsche, the “void” will be moral (nihilism); for Freud, psychological (castration); and for Marx, social (proletariat). Pulling on this last thread, we will conclude with a new definition of (radical) democracy based on the concept of “emptiness”. This thesis will end with the inversion of Hegel’s “Absolute Knowing” into a “Relative Humility”
MARTÍN VISO, Iñaki (ed.). "Pastos, iglesias y tierras. Los comunales en la meseta del Duero (siglos IX-XII)"
No full textHay libros que se convierten en necesarios desde el mismo momento en el que se publican. Novedosos y necesarios porque revisitan temas que llevan siglos siendo fundamentales tanto para entender la evolución de nuestro pasado como las relaciones que se establecieron en el interior y exterior de algunas comunidades rurales. A pesar de los propios límites decididos en este libro, la extensión podría haber aumentado mucho