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Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Alexithymia, Intolerance to Uncertainty and Psychopathology Affecting Subjects’ Disease Course
No full textType 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic disease characterized by insulin deficiency leading to hyperglycemia. Recent estimations reported 8.4 million patients worldwide and a worrying increasing incidence. Psychological phenomena influencing the disease course represent important variables. Regrettably, more attention has been paid to Type 2 diabetes. The present contribution aimed at highlighting the role of alexithymia, intolerance to uncertainty and psychopathology in T1DM subjects. 150 participants aged between 11 and 18 years old suffering from T1DM were recruited. All patients fully completed the diagnostic protocol consisting of a sociodemographic questionnaire, Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20, Intolerance to Uncertainty Scale-12 and SAFA scales. Significant correlations emerged between sociodemographic variables, alexithymia, intolerance to uncertainty and psychopathology. A significant and positive relationship between alexithymia and intolerance to uncertainty emerged. Alexithymia and intolerance to uncertainty predicted higher rates of psychopathology. The study highlighted the impact of alexithymia and intolerance to uncertainty on T1DM subjects. Emerged as positively intertwined and consistently associated with higher psychopathological presentations, alexithymia and intolerance to uncertainty deserve more attention. Highlighting their role strictly referring to T1DM would decrease the detected lack of knowledge
The Paradox of Healthcare in the ‘Superbugs’ Era: Current Challenges and Future Directions
No full textAntibiotic-resistant microbes represent a growing problem for modern medicine and public health. Projections indicate that deaths from such infections could reach 10 million per year by 2050. Healthcare associated infections (HAI) are among the most significant causes of mortality and morbidity in hospitals, impacting millions of patients globally. The emergence of HAI is associated with resistance to antimicrobials, rapidly worsening the patient’s condition. Antimicrobial resistance determines unresponsiveness to treatment, which can ultimately lead to severe complications such as sepsis and shock. It is estimated that one in every ten patients are susceptible to infection during their stay in hospital, with the microorganism responsible for the infection frequently proving resistant to antibiotics. Among the latter, CRE (carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae), CRAB (carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii), CRPA (carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa), vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus spp. and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), commonly referred to as ‘superbugs’, are a major cause of HAIs. The aim of the present study is to provide a comprehensive overview of the global epidemiology of healthcare-associated infections, with particular emphasis on their incidence, distribution over time, and correlation with the socioeconomic status of different countries. Furthermore, the review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of current preventive strategies in reducing the incidence and mortality associated with HAIs
Impact of transperitoneal anterior, retzius-sparing, extraperitoneal, transvesical and perineal approaches on urinary continence recovery after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of comparative studies
No full textBackgroundUrinary incontinence significantly impacts on health-related quality of life of patients undergoing radical prostatectomy. In the last decades, several approaches (extraperitoneal, Retzius-sparing (RS), perineal and, transvesical) for robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) have proposed with the aim to improve functional outcomes in comparison with transperitoneal, anterior ones. MethodsWe performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies published in English language, in the last ten years, comparing the different approaches used to perform RARP. We included only studies reporting urinary continence rates at different follow-up time points. From each eligible study, we extracted the number of analyzed patients; the study design; the continence definition; and, when available, immediate, 1-, 3-, 6-, and 12-mo urinary continence rates. Statistical analyses were performed using RevMan version 5.4 (Cochrane Collaboration, Oxford, United Kingdom, UK). The Odds Ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) was calculated using the generic inverse variance. A p value of <0.05 was set as significance level when comparing studies. ResultsThe meta-analyses of studies comparing anterior, transperitoneal RARP and RS-RARP in terms of immediate (OR = 3.73; 95% CI: 2.17-6.43; p < 0.0001), 1-mo (OR = 4.16; 95% CI: 2.68-6.48; p < 0.00001), 3-mo (OR 4.71; 95% CI: 3.70-6.00; p < 0.0001), 6-mo (OR 4.12; 95% CI: 2.95-5.75; p < 0.00001) and 12-mo (OR = 3.25; 95% CI: 1.76-5.99; p < 0.00001) urinary continence rates showed a statistically significant advantage in favor of RS approach. However, a sub-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials showed overlapping urinary continence rates between the two approaches at 6-mo (OR = 1.99; 95% CI: 0.90-4.42; p = 0.09) and 12-mo (OR = 1.36; 95% CI: 0.43-4.31; p = 0.60) after surgery. The meta-analysis of studies comparing extraperitoneal and transperitoneal approaches showed that 6-mo urinary continence rates were overlapping between the two approaches (OR = 1.18; 95% CI: 0.85-1.65; p = 0.32). The meta-analysis of studies comparing single-port (SP) and multi-port (MP) RARP showed comparable 6-mo urinary continence rates (OR = 0.93; 95% CI 0.65-1.33; p = 0.69). ConclusionsWithin the limitations of mainly low to moderate quality of evidence, the RS approach offers significant advantages compared to an anterior, transperitoneal, approach in terms of urinary continence recovery at different follow-up time points in patients who underwent MP-RARP. MP perineal and transvesical approaches need to be further tested and might be of interest in the setting of SP-RARP. Our meta-analysis showed comparable results between SP- and MP-RARP in terms of urinary continence rates
Da Zankle a Messene: le ktiseis tra mito e storia
No full textIl contributo si propone di analizzare le diverse tradizioni, mitografiche e storiografiche,
relative alla fondazione di Zankle, una polis che, tra le apoikiai greche di Sicilia,
si distingue per originalità e atipicità. La tradizione, infatti, elaborata nel corso dei
secoli, oltre a testimoniare l'intensa vitalità che caratterizzava il territorio fin dall'antichità, offrì anche ai poeti interessanti spunti di elaborazione mitopoietica, ambientandovi vicende di esseri mostruosi e figure eroiche che riflettevano l'essenza di quei luoghi
Impact of Alterations in Homocysteine, Asymmetric Dimethylarginine and Vitamins-Related Pathways in Some Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Narrative Review
No full textIL «DELITTO DI DIFESA». IL RISCHIO PENALE DELL’AVVOCATO NEI RAPPORTI COL CLIENTE.
No full textIl saggio affronta il tema della responsabilità penale dell’avvocato con riferimento al rapporto con il cliente, evidenziando le ambiguità e le insidie
che caratterizzano tale figura nel processo penale. L’autore analizza la distinzione tra i reati commessi contro gli interessi dell’assistito, quali
l’infedeltà del patrocinatore e il millantato credito, e i reati a vantaggio del cliente, con particolare attenzione ai delitti di falso attribuibili all’avvocato
in qualità di pubblico ufficiale nelle indagini difensive. Viene esaminata la responsabilità penale per il cosiddetto consiglio tecnico, con riferimento ai
settori tributario e societario, e approfondita la problematica del concorso esterno in associazione mafiosa, che impone un rigoroso bilanciamento
tra tutela della professionalità forense e prevenzione della contaminazione criminale. L’autore dedica inoltre ampio spazio al tema del favoreggiamento,
distinguendo tra le condotte lecite nell’ambito del mandato difensivo e quelle penalmente rilevanti che costituiscono forme di «solidarietà anomala» tra avvocato e cliente. Infine, viene sottolineata la duplice funzione dell’avvocato quale garante dei diritti individuali e pilastro del sistema giudiziario,
richiamando la necessità di un equilibrio tra il diritto di difesa e la ricerca della verità
GENERATIVE ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, CREATIVITY AND INNOVATION MANAGEMENT. EXPLORING TRENDS AND FUTURE IMPLICATIONS
No full textObjectives. The present study aims to examine the transformative impact of Generative Artificial Intelligence (Gen-AI) on creativity and innovation management through a systematic literature review. Three main objectives underpin this review: understanding Gen-AI’s influence on the creative process, its integration into innovation management strategies, and the intersection of both realms. Methodology. Employing a systematic approach, the review consisted of three stages: identification and retrieval of papers, examination, and synthesis of findings. The search was executed in September 2023, yielding 97,914 papers, which were further filtered to 723 articles for review. A bibliometric analysis was conducted using latent Dirichlet allocation to identify key research themes. Research limits. While extensive, the study is limited by its focus on articles published in English and the fields of Business and Management studies. Furthermore, the rapid pace of technological development in Gen-AI necessitates continual updating of the literature review. Practical implications. The review offers significant insights for business practitioners, policymakers, and scholars by illuminating Gen-AI’s role in reconfiguring the realms of creativity and innovation. It reveals key considerations for managing innovation in data-rich environments, identifying sustainability concerns, and highlighting how organizational features affect Gen-AI adoption for innovation. Originality of the study. This study offers a first-of-its-kind holistic view of Gen-AI’s influence on both creativity and innovation management. The findings point to a multiplicity of antecedents to Gen-AI adoption that span technological, social, and economic realms, while revealing significant gaps in current research that serve as future avenues for scholarly exploratio
Kafka – "quasi come un giurista". Genealogia di una trasformazione letteraria (1920-1902)
No full textQuesto libro traccia una genealogia letteraria dell’immaginario creativo di Franz Kafka. Si distanzia tanto dalle letture che separano la scrittura letteraria dal mestiere di giurista – considerato un ambito ‘opprimente’ o meramente accessorio – quanto da quelle critico-giuridiche che vedono nei testi di Kafka semplici trasposizioni di riferimenti legislativi. “Parlare quasi come un giurista” è qui inteso, invece, come innesco della creazione letteraria: il discorso analogico del “quasi come” apre spazi immaginativi, mondi controfattuali, figure trasformative, forme di potere – tirannide e Stato di diritto – che narrano il coesistere di premodernità suppliziante e razionalità giuridica moderna. Unendo letteratura, diritto e immaginazione, e risalendo fino ai primi anni universitari di Kafka, viene meno l’immagine stereotipata dello scrittore “estatico”: si rivela, piuttosto, un Kafka osservatore acuto della materialità dell’esistenza e dei suoi vincoli, capace di trasformarli, attraverso lo slancio creativo, nell’impossibile del gesto letterario
Precision in Facial Measurements: Comparative Analysis Between a Digital 3D Scanner and an Analog Instrument
No full textBackground: Accurate facial proportion analysis is essential for therapeutic planning in dentistry. This study aimed to evaluate the Planmeca ProFace 3D scanner’s accuracy by comparing its digital measurements to analog caliper measurements. Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study included seven patients. Fourteen standardized facial landmarks were measured digitally and with an analog caliper. Distances were grouped as small (≤6.5 cm, Group A) or large (>6.5 cm, Group B). Paired t-tests, Cronbach’s Alpha, and Bland–Altman analysis assessed differences, reliability, and agreement. Results: The results showed a statistically significant difference between the two methods of measurements in group A (p = 0.016) and high statistical significance was obtained in group B (p = 0.001). Cronbach’s Alpha showed high reliability for Group A (α = 0.982) but low for Group B (α = 0.270). The mean difference between the caliper and software measurements was 0.24 ± 0.9 SD (min 0.16 max 2.92) in group A and 0.71 ± 2.8 SD (min 0.02 max 4.17). Bland–Altman analysis revealed a consistent positive proportional bias, with differences increasing for larger measurements. Conclusions: Facial point measurements by the means of digital scanning technique show measurements overlapping with analog technique for measurements less than or equal to 6.5 cm, with significant deviation for points with a distance greater than 6.5 cm. A hybrid approach or compensatory strategies are needed to ensure clinical precision