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Riordino territoriale, sviluppo locale e impegno per la pace. Quali punti di contatto?
No full textQuesto contributo intende costituire una delle piattaforme possibili di orientamento condiviso del gruppo di lavoro Agei “Riordino territoriale e sviluppo locale, quali elementi di contatto?” in
seno al tentativo di individuare connessioni fra gli interessi di ricerca e la riflessione sulla pace, snodo critico delle scorse Giornate della Geografia – Trento, 2024
Magnified dermoscopy terminology for skin tumours: International Dermoscopy Society Delphi consensus
No full textCrosstalk Between Sickle Cell Disease and Ferroptosis
No full textSickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited hemoglobin disorder that is widespread
across the globe. It is characterized by a very complex pathogenesis, but at the basis of the
disease is the mutation of the HBB gene, which determines the production of a mutated
hemoglobin: sickle cell hemoglobin (HbS). The polymerization of HbS, which occurs when
the protein is in a deoxygenated state, and the greater fragility of sickle cell red blood cells
(sRBCs) determine the release of iron, free heme, and HbS in the blood, favoring oxidative
stress and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). These features are common to
the features of a new model of cell death known as ferroptosis, which is characterized by
the increase of iron and ROS concentrations and by the inhibition of glutathione peroxidase
4 (GPx4) and the System Xc−. In this context, this review aims to discuss the potential
molecular and biochemical pathways of ferroptosis involved in SCD, aiming to highlight
possible tags involved in treating the disease and inhibiting ferroptosi
LA SICILIA NODO E SNODO DI INTRECCI MEDITERRANEI. TRA XIV E VII SECOLO
No full textLa ricerca di dottorato ha lo scopo di leggere la fenomenologia dei processi di relazione e di quelli insediativi in Sicilia tra la fine dell’ età del Bronzo e la “colonizzazione greca” nel più ampio quadro dei contatti tra i diversi popoli del Mediterraneo
Evidence of autophagic and Wnt/β-catenin signaling occurrence during Schmallenberg virus (SBV) infection on BHK-21 cells
No full textSchmallenberg virus (SBV) is a ruminant pathogen that is widely distributed around the world, but little is known about its interactions with permissive cells or about its pathogenetic mechanisms. This study highlighted, through a phenotypic approach, the changes in the expression of some autophagy and Wnt/β-catenin pathway markers that SBV causes on baby hamster kidney (BHK-21) cells. Western blot analysis revealed that SBV caused
autophagy induction at 48 h post infection. Several markers, such as PI3K, Akt, and Wnt/β-catenin, were downregulated at the same time point. Furthermore, downregulation in the expression of PI3K, p-mTOR and Beclin-1 showed differences between multiplicity of infection (MOI) 0.05 and 0.5, but not between MOI 0.5 and 1.5. Exceptions for this trend were Akt and LC3-II, which progressively decreased depending on time, and β-catenin, whose expression almost disappeared regardless of MOI. The use of several chemical inducers and inhibitors has demonstrated the efficacy of late autophagy inhibitors (bafilomycin and chloroquine) in significantly lowering SBV infection and also preventing the changes caused by viral replication. Early autophagy inhibitors and inducers showed no effect on cellular viability or viral titers. Silencing the expression of Akt and β-catenin revealed a slight increase in the expression of viral glycoprotein Gc. These findings revealed the relationship that SBV has in important cellular regulatory pathways, expanding the knowledge about the cellular interactions of this virus and suggesting a central role for late stages of autophagy in the replication of this bunyavirus
Ovarian microbiota and ovarian cancer: An overview and update meta-analysis
No full textBackground and aim: Ovarian cancer (OC) remains the most lethal gynecological malignancy, al-though advancements in treatment strategies. Emerging data suggested the potential role of ovarian micro-biota in ovarian cancer pathogenesis. The objective of this review and meta-analysis is to analyze available literature to investigate this correlation. Methods: According to the recommendations in the Preferred Re-porting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement, the Pubmed database and the Embase database were searched in February 2024. No limitation of the countries was considered. Results: Twenty-seven studies met the inclusion criteria. Five thousand and fourteen ovarian carcinoma cases were included of which 1659 (33.1%) showed dysbiosis. The fixed-effect model and the random-effect model showed no significant correlation between ovarian cancer patients and dysbiosis (p<0.001 and p<0.001 with 95% Confidence Interval 0.21-0.35 and effect size 0.28, respectively). The heterogeneity between studies was high with an I2 of 95.76% (p<0.001). Conclusions: Our meta-analysis suggests no significant difference in dysbiosis prevalence between OC patients and controls. Considering the substantial heterogeneity found, more studies with control groups and precise methodologies are needed to further evaluate the potential role of the ovarian microbiota in the OC. (www.actabiomedica.it)
Influence of hydrogen gas pressure on the fracture mechanisms of hollow X65 steel specimens
No full textThe hydrogen-induced fracture mechanisms in pipeline steels intended for hydrogen transport are strongly dependent on gas pressure at ambient temperature, necessitating a detailed understanding of its effects on crack initiation and propagation. This study systematically investigates the hydrogen embrittlement (HE) behavior of API X65 pipeline steel exposed to hydrogen pressures of 1, 5, and 10 MPa, employing slow strain rate tensile (SSRT) testing of hollow specimens. Subsequent fractographic analyses of fracture surfaces and longitudinal sections were performed to elucidate damage features. The results demonstrate significant degradation of ductility attributed to hydrogen exposure, as evidenced by reductions in elongation and area reduction percentages, with these effects intensified at elevated pressures. HE susceptibility was quantified by the elongation loss index (IEl) and reduction of area loss index (IRA), both exceeding 24% at 5 and 10 MPa and being discernible even at 1 MPa. Fractographic examination revealed the presence of brittle features, including quasi-cleavage and secondary cracks, which consistently initiated at the inner wall surface of the hollow specimens, indicating hydrogen-assisted cracking as the primary failure mechanism. Increasing hydrogen pressure resulted in more linear crack paths and sharper crack tips, indicative of enhanced embrittlement severity. A clear pressure-dependent transition in fracture morphology was observed, characterized by a diminishing ductile-to-brittle gradient and an increased prevalence of brittle regions. The transition from ductile to brittle fracture features was interpreted as being consistent with the conceptual framework of hydrogen-assisted cracking involving both plasticity-mediated and decohesion-related processes. At 1 MPa, fracture features suggested that hydrogen primarily influenced localized plastic deformation, whereas the increased quasi-cleavage at 5 and 10 MPa indicated a shift toward more brittle, low-ductility fracture behavior
Exploring Vascular Complications in Ovarian Cancer Surgery: A Narrative Literature Review with a New Management Proposal Algorithm
No full textBackground/Objectives: Vascular complications during ovarian cancer surgery are rare but potentially severe. The objective of this review was to underline the need to standardize and optimize the management of these rare complications within an evidence-based framework. Methods: This review included the literature until 29 December 2024 and finally analyzed 17 studies, with 40 vascular complications reported. Results: Complications primarily occurred intraoperatively and involved both arterial and venous systems. Management approaches involved interdisciplinary collaboration, including vascular surgeons and interventional radiologists. Nevertheless, the collected data do not accurately reflect the reality of vascular complications in ovarian cancer surgery, as more than half of the included studies were case reports or research letters. This highlights the lack of standardized guidelines and limited training in vascular surgery for gynecologic oncologists, the importance of preoperative planning, including detailed imaging, risk stratification, and a multidisciplinary approach to mitigate complications. The authors propose an algorithm emphasizing prevention, timely identification, and effective management of vascular injuries alongside postoperative monitoring. Conclusions: The findings stress the need for treatment in high-volume tertiary centers and advocate advanced surgical training, incorporating virtual reality simulations to address vascular complications. Future research should focus on large multicenter studies to establish evidence-based guidelines for managing vascular complications in ovarian cancer surgery. Innovations in technology and education may further improve outcomes, ensuring optimal care for patients undergoing these complex procedures
Paesaggi d’ombre. Insediamenti fantasma del secondo Novecento in Sicilia
No full textPaesaggi d’ombre. Insediamenti fantasma del secondo Novecento in Sicilia
Questo volume indugia su alcune tessere di transizioni paesaggistiche. I cosiddetti “spazi fantasma”, nella nostra prospettiva, sono infatti l’esito, mai definito (perché naturalmente transeunte), di un’azione in qualche misura a contrario: l’abbandono. Concentrandosi su alcuni siti emblematici della Sicilia, il volume raccoglie storie di abbandono e di progetti, di resilienza e di silenzi, di tentativi e di negazioni. Il testo integra sensibilità di ricerca differenti ma affatto sinergiche. Architettura, critica d’arte, geografia, storia e urbanistica si confrontano sui luoghi abbandonati di Sicilia: paesaggi marcati da una antropizzazione rimasta soltanto nello sguardo di chi li affronta. La Fiera del Mediterraneo a Palermo, il Belìce, la Montedison di Campofranco-Casteltermini, i paesaggi franosi di Agrigento, i nuclei di espansione turistica inutilizzati, l’area Sanderson a Messina e le infrastrutture ferroviarie abbandonate costituiscono insieme i nostri campi e le pagine di un atlante incompleto ma, riteniamo, significativo.
Shadow Landscapes. Ghost settlements of the second half of the twentieth century in Sicily
This volume lingers on a number of landscape transitions. The so-called ‘ghost spaces’ in our perspective, are in fact the outcome, never defined (because naturally transient), of an action to some extent to the contrary: abandonment. Focusing on a few emblematic sites in Sicily, the book collects stories of abandonment and projects, of resilience and silences, of attempts and denials. The text integrates different but by no means synergetic research sensitivities. Architecture, Art Criticism, Geography, History and Urban Planning confront each other on the abandoned places of Sicily: landscapes marked by a anthropisation that remains only in the gaze of those who face them.
The Mediterranean Fair in Palermo, the Belìce, the Montedison of Campofranco-Casteltermini, the landslide landscapes of Agrigento, the unused tourist expansion nuclei, the Sanderson area in Messina and the abandoned railway infrastructures together constitute our fields and the pages of an incomplete but, we believe, significant atlas
