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Presence of acrylamide in key food sources within the European Mediterranean framework
No full textAcrylamide (AA) is a low-molecular-weight compound formed primarily through the Maillard reaction in carbohydrate-rich, low-protein foods subjected to high temperatures under low-moisture conditions. Since its classification as a “probable human carcinogen”, AA has attracted substantial scientific attention. Although non-dietary sources of AA exposure exist, dietary intake remains the predominant route, accounting for approximately 38 % of total caloric consumption from foods potentially containing this compound. In Europe, the principal dietary sources of AA have been identified as fried potato products, coffee, and crackers. To assess dietary AA exposure within the European Mediterranean framework, 85 food samples were collected across Spain and Italy. Measured AA content exhibited considerable variability, ranging from 30 to 1905 μg kg−1. Based on these findings, dietary exposure estimated and associated health risks were calculated. The Estimated Daily Intakes (EDIs) represented to approximately 20–28 % of the lowest EDI value reported by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) for the European population (0.4 μg·kg-bw−1·day−1), highlighting their potential relevance. Risk assessment outcomes suggest that dietary AA exposure may pose a health concern. Consequently, periodic monitoring and surveillance of AA levels in food products including the assessment of its dietary exposure are essential to protect public health
Long-term effectiveness of bimekizumab in plaque psoriasis: 2-year drug survival from a real-life multicentre Italian study
No full textBackground Bimekizumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting both interleukin-17A and interleukin-17F, has shown strong efficacy in moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis. However, long-term real-world data on its effectiveness and treatment persistence remain limited. Objectives To evaluate the 2-year drug survival of bimekizumab in a real-life setting across multiple Italian dermatology centres. Methods This multicentre, retrospective, observational study included adult patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis who initiated bimekizumab between May 2022 and November 2024. Drug survival was assessed using Kaplan-Meier analysis. Univariable and multivariable Cox regression models were used to identify predictors of treatment persistence. Results In total, 826 patients were included (66.6% male; mean age 52.3 years, SD 14.9). At baseline, the mean Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) score was 15.5 (SD 8.9), which decreased to 1.4 (3.3) at the last follow-up. Estimated drug survival rates at 12, 18 and 24 months were 89.1%, 85.0% and 82.4%, respectively. In total, 129 patients discontinued treatment, primarily due to adverse events (n = 68) and ineffectiveness (n = 31). In both univariable and multivariable analyses, male sex was significantly associated with a lower risk of discontinuation (hazard ratio 0.65, P = 0.002 and hazard ratio 0.67, P = 0.008, respectively). Other factors, including body mass index (BMI) > 30 kg m(-2), presence of psoriatic arthritis, baseline PASI > 15 and prior biologic exposure, were not significantly associated with treatment discontinuation. Conclusions This real-world study demonstrates the long-term effectiveness and high drug survival of bimekizumab up to 24 months, across diverse patient profiles, regardless of BMI, disease severity, prior biologic exposure or presence of psoriatic arthritis
THE CIRCULATION OF TOKENIZED DIGITAL ASSETS IN ITALIAN PRIVATE LAW: ASPECTS OF TRANSFER, PUBLICITY AND BINDINGNESS
No full textPsychosomatic Features of Irritable Bowel Syndrome: The Role of Alexithymia in Patient Health-Related Quality of Life—A Cross-Sectional Study
No full textBackground: Psychological factors such as alexithymia, somatization, and their associated effects on health are consistently observed as key characteristics in the onset, maintenance, and chronic course of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). This study aimed to investigate the presence and role of alexithymia, psychosomatic syndromes, and health status in individuals affected by IBS. Methods: The sample comprised 143 patients diagnosed with IBS, ranging in age from 18 to 78 years (M = 30.90, SD = 14.39), with a predominance of females (81.8%). The diagnostic protocol included a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20 (TAS-20), the Diagnostic Criteria for Psychosomatic Research-Structured Interview (DPCR-SI), and the SF-36 Health Survey. Descriptive, correlational, and generalised regression analyses were conducted to examine the relationships among these variables. Results: The findings revealed significant positive correlations between alexithymia and psychosomatic syndromes, while significant negative correlations were observed with health status. Furthermore, alexithymia was identified as a predictor of increased psychosomatic syndrome severity and reduced health status. Conclusions: These results highlight the critical role of alexithymia in IBS and underscore the importance of developing targeted interventions to address this psychological factor in affected individuals
Neural correlates of body size estimation: A systematic review and narrative synthesis
No full textInaccurate body size estimation (BSE), the discrepancy between an individual's actual and perceived body size and shape, is observed not only in clinical conditions like eating disorders and body dysmorphic disorder but also in healthy individuals. Understanding the neural mechanisms that support BSE is timely, given growing interest in perceptual biases and their potential relevance for identifying mechanisms that may be disrupted in clinical populations. However, the field has an incomplete understanding of brain systems functionally involved in BSE ability. To address this, we performed a systematic review, accompanied by a narrative synthesis, to identify brain regions associated with BSE across studies of healthy individuals. Studies using functional neuroimaging were selected if they elicited BSE with a task, contrasted BSE with a control task, and used whole-brain analyses (rather than being restricted to a priori regions of interest). This yielded a set of nine functional magnetic resonance imaging papers. There is relatively consistent involvement of ventral (fusiform/occipitotemporal regions) and dorsal (intraparietal areas) visual pathways, and discrete regions of the prefrontal cortex, suggesting recurring engagement of perceptual and higher-order cognitive systems during BSE. However, current knowledge is limited by the small number and heterogeneity of available studies. We identify both consistent and variable neural correlates of BSE, offering refined targets for future investigations of BSE in clinical populations. Based on these findings, we additionally provide specific suggestions for improving neuroimaging task design for future studies
Risk factors and reasons for switching from front-line therapy in the Italian chronic myeloid leukaemia network: A cohort study
No full textEarly Postmortem Interval Estimation in Forensic Radiology: A Proof-of-Concept Study Using qMRMI and Tractography in a Porcine Heart Model
No full textEstimating postmortem interval (PMI) is a difficult task in daily forensic practice, because of all the limitations of most of the methods used for its determination. Over the years, numerous attempts have been conducted to overcome these limitations. Among these, the improvement and innovation of postmortem radiological techniques may play an important role. In this preliminary study, a novel approach for early postmortem interval estimation (ePMI) using quantitative magnetic resonance molecular imaging (qMRMI) is proposed. The study made use of a pig heart, whose anatomical and structural characteristics are known to be like those of humans. The sample was obtained from the commercial food chain, having been taken immediately after the animal was slaughtered. The pig heart was maintained at 17 °C degree. Radiological investigations have been conducted using a 1.5 T MRI scanner, and 2 scans have been performed. Fractional anisotropy (FA), tractography and susceptibility weighted changes due to the heart degradation processes have been monitored. The image acquisition was performed at 3.5 h after death (T0) and 24 hours after death (T1). Results showed measurable time-dependent variations, with FA and AD decreasing and ADC and RD increasing, because of the progressive disorganization of normal myocardiocytes architecture in the postmortem era. Although limited to a single case and two time points, this exploratory study suggests that postmortem qMRMI could be a potentially powerful tool for early PMI estimation. In the future, further studies with larger sample sizes and multiple intervals are needed to validate these preliminary observations