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Identifier les perturbateurs endocriniens par modélisation: Criblage virtuel des modalités de perturbation du système endocrinien
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Dépister les perturbateurs endocriniens en milieux aquatiques: Outil intégré pour l’identification et la quantification des perturbateurs endocriniens chez les crustacés
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Effects of recall and selection biases on modeling cancer risk from mobile phone use: Results from a case–control simulation study
No full textInternational audienceBackground: The largest case-control study (Interphone Study) investigating glioma risk related to mobile phone use showed a J-shaped relationship with reduced relative risks for moderate use and a 40% increased relative risk among the 10% heaviest regular mobile phone users, using a categorical risk model based on deciles of lifetime duration of use among ever regular users.Methods: We conducted Monte-Carlo simulations examining whether the reported estimates are compatible with an assumption of no effect of mobile phone use on glioma risk when the various forms of biases present in the Interphone study are accounted for. Four scenarios of sources of error in self-reported mobile phone use were considered, along with selection bias. Input parameters used for simulations were those obtained from Interphone validation studies on reporting accuracy and from using a non-response questionnaire.Results: We found that the scenario simultaneously modeling systematic and random reporting errors produced a J-shaped relationship perfectly compatible with the observed relationship from the main Interphone study with a simulated spurious increased relative risk among heaviest users (OR = 1.91) compared to never regular users. The main determinant for producing this J shape was higher reporting error variance in cases compared to controls, as observed in the validation studies. Selection bias contributed to the reduced risks as well.Conclusions: Some uncertainty remains, but the evidence from the present simulation study shifts the overall assessment to making it less likely that heavy mobile phone use is causally related to an increased glioma risk
The iodinated contrast agent diatrizoic acid has an impact on the metabolome of the mollusc Dreissena polymorpha
No full textInternational audienceThe occurrence of iodinated contrast agents (ICAs) in the aquatic environment is relatively well documented, showing that these compounds can be found at several µg/L in natural waters, and up to hundreds of µg/L in waste water treatment plants inlets. Nevertheless, only few studies address their potential impacts and fate in aquatic organisms mainly because these compounds are considered non-toxic due to their intrinsic properties. However, as aquatic organisms are continuously exposed to these compounds, they could nonetheless induce some adverse effects on aquatic populations like filter feeder organisms. To verify this, we exposed model organisms, Dreissena polymorpha mollusks, to 100 µg/L of an ICA, diatrizoic acid (DTZ), to determine the potential biological effects caused by this compound using a non-targeted metabolomic approach based on liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry. Metabolic profiles showed a slight effect of DTZ, with some metabolome variations linked to exposure. Indeed, to avoid any misinterpretation of DTZ effects, we also studied the natural evolution of the metabolome over time in unexposed mussels, showing that control mussels exhibited metabolomic changes over the exposure period. During DTZ exposure, we showed that the carnitine shuttle pathway of fatty acids and pyrimidine metabolisms were impacted, leading to dysregulation of mussels' energy metabolism. Thus, this study demonstrates for the first time that compounds considered non-toxic like ICAs can have an impact on aquatic organisms such as bivalves by slightly modulating their metabolome
Dataset documenting prevalence and counts of pine processionary moth tents on local host trees in 3 regions of France with different climatic environments
No full textInternational audienceThe pine processionary moth Thaumetopoea pityocampa is a defoliating lepidopter that develops during winter. The larvae are gregarious and bear urticating setae that are harmful to humans and vertebrates. They shelter in conspicuous silk tents that are easy to detect. We here present a dataset comprising tree characterization and tent counts from 3 agglomerations in France located in regions with different climatic environments. The studied trees belong to various conifer species that are potential hosts for the caterpillars. In each site, we defined clusters as one target tree and its 10–62 nearest neighbors, and surveyed each tree within the clusters by informing: tree species, coordinates, size, number of tents. We characterized a total of 3690 trees, including 2009 trees in Orléans (grouped in 68 clusters), 359 trees in La Baule (18 clusters) and 1322 trees in Montpellier (52 clusters). We provide the raw data characterizing each individual tree, graphs showing the prevalence and mean number of tents for the tree species included in the survey, and maps allowing to locate each tree. This dataset brings information about host preference of the pine processionary moth and will be useful as a baseline to study spatio-temporal variability of host-insect relationships. It can also be informative for decision-makers and managers of urban greenings to avoid trees that are likely to be heavily infested for plantation in proximity to vulnerable people
Cocktails of endocrine disruptors in the different diets of French consumers
No full textInternational audienceWith a view to identifying main endocrine disruptors (ED) mixtures to which French consumers are exposed through food, their main diets were modelled using an adapted dimension reduction method. Seven specific diets could be modelled for adults while only one overall diet was considered for children aged 3–17 years. The knowledge of the contamination levels of 78 known or suspected endocrine disrupting compounds in the foods constituting these diets, collected in the frame of the second French Total Diet Study, made it possible to explore the mixtures of EDs to which consumers are exposed. We have thus shown that the ED substances most present in mass concentration are comparable for the whole population, whatever the diet considered. However, a second approach made it possible to highlight, for a given diet, the substances whose exposure is statistically higher than in the diet of the general population. Thus, significantly different ED mixtures could be established for each diet. For example, diets with a high proportion of animal-based foods induce significantly higher exposures to some persistent organic pollutants (e.g., PCDD/F, brominated flame retardants), whereas these exposures are lower for Mediterranean-type diet. On the other hand, the latter, richer in fruits and vegetables, is the one for which pesticides represent a specific signature.These results now pave the way for studying the specific effects of these cocktails of endocrine disruptors, each of which is representative of a type of chronic exposure linked to specific diets
La diminution de la fécondité chez le poisson zèbre: Inhibition de l’aromatase gonadique et autres chemins de toxicité conduisant à une diminution de la fécondité chez le poisson zèbre : de l’événement initiateur aux impacts sur les populations
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La biosurveillance des milieux aquatiques: Caractérisation et identification de perturbateurs endocriniens environnementaux dans les milieux aquatiques : une approche inter-espèces
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Daycare use of disinfectants and cleaning products and wheeze among children: Cross-sectional analyses in the French CRESPI cohort
No full textInternational audienceBackground: Evidence is mounting that domestic use of disinfectants and cleaning products (DCP), particularly in spray form, is associated with wheezing in children. Beyond the home environment, many children are also exposed to DCP in daycare. The links between daycare exposures to DCP and child respiratory health have never before been studied.Objectives: Evaluate the associations between daycare DCP use and wheeze among children.Methods: This cross-sectional study draws upon the data at inclusion for 536 children (mean age: 22.3 months; 47.4 % female) of the French CRESPI cohort (108 daycares in the Paris region, 2019–2022). Exposure to DCP was evaluated using a barcode-scanning smartphone application with an embedded questionnaire. An exposure score was calculated as the sum of frequencies of use of DCP for each daycare. Child wheezing outcomes (ever wheeze since birth, recurrent wheeze (≥3 times since birth), and wheeze ever treated with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS)) were evaluated by parental questionnaire. Associations between daycare DCP exposure and wheezing outcomes were analyzed with Generalized Estimating Equations to account for a possible center effect, and adjusted for child age, parental smoking status, parental educational attainment, and daycare size.Results: The prevalence of ever wheeze was 32.1 %, that of recurrent wheeze 13.3 %, and that of wheeze ever treated with ICS 14.5 %. Above-median exposure scores (vs. ≤ median exposure scores) were associated with higher odds of wheeze ever treated with ICS (Odds Ratio = 1.72, 95 % Confidence Interval: 1.07–2.75) and ever wheeze (1.40, 0.98–2.00), but not with recurrent wheeze (1.35, 0.79–2.31). Relationships between specific DCP application modes and wheezing outcomes did not suggest a predominant role of specific modes.Discussion: Given the observed association between daycare DCP use and wheeze in children, measures which limit child exposure to DCP in care settings should be considered
Understanding Ixodes ricinus occurrence in private yards: influence of yard and landscape features
No full textInternational audienceLyme borreliosis is the most frequent zoonotic disease in the northern hemisphere and is transmitted by ticks of the genus Ixodes . Although many people are bitten by ticks in private yards, our understanding of the factors associated with their presence in these areas remains limited. To address this gap, we used a citizen science approach to identify the local and landscape features associated with tick presence in yards. Methods This study was conducted near Nancy, a city in northeastern France, from 2020 to 2022. Citizen scientists collected ticks in their yard on a single event (n = 185) and measured 13 yard features. Additionally, we computed 11 features related to the landscape composition and spatial configuration surrounding these yards. Using generalized linear mixed models, we determined the yard and landscape features associated with the presence of ticks and nymphal Ixodes ricinus (hereafter nymphs), the life stage, and species that mostly bite humans. Results Despite a low density, ticks were found in 32% of the yards, including yards in urbanized areas. At the transect level, the likelihood of finding a nymph was nearly three times higher in transects shaded by vegetation compared to those in open areas, with no relationship between nymph occurrence and transect location or grass height. At the yard level, the occurrence of ticks and nymphs was related to both yard and landscape characteristics. Nymph and tick occurrence were more than twice as high in yards with signs of deer and a wood/brush pile compared to those without these characteristics, and increased with the connectivity of vegetation areas and the percentage of forest areas in the landscape. Conclusions Our study reveals that private yards across an urbanization gradient are locations of tick exposure with tick presence linked to both yard and landscape factors. These findings emphasize the importance of public awareness regarding tick exposure in yards and provide crucial insights for future public health prevention campaigns