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Plastics used in agriculture and for food: uses, properties and impacts. Condensed report of the collective scientific assessment
No full textHeterolingualism and Transnational Poetics in Melatu Uche Okorie's Short Fiction
No full textInternational audienceThis chapter explores short fiction by Nigerian-born Irish author Melatu Uche Okorie against the backdrop of the Decade of Centenaries 2012-2023 which commemorated key events in the founding of the Irish state. It argues that Okorie’s texts throw into sharp relief the relationship between national identity and forced migration and raise crucial questions on Ireland’s national representation as a multicultural country. As they represent the experience of migrating to Ireland and navigating the dehumanising system of Direct Provision, they reflect on the possibilities and failures of building a transnational community. The first part of the paper discusses the notion of heterolingualism, analysing the legacy of Ken Saro-Wiwa’s “rotten English” in the experimental language of Okorie’s short stories. The second part explores Okorie’s aesthetics of resistance as based on a rhizomatic and heterogeneous conception of language and narrative. Finally, the third part reflects on the complex ways in which Okorie’s writing asks for a reconceptualisation of the reading and understanding process of the migration experience.Cette contribution propose une analyse des nouvelles de l’autrice irlando-nigériane Melatu Uche Okorie dans le contexte de la « décennie des centenaires » (2012-2023) qui a commémoré plusieurs événements fondateurs de l’État irlandais. On s’attache à montrer que l’écriture d’Okorie met en lumière les relations entre identité nationale et migration forcée tout en interrogeant la représentation de l’Irlande comme un pays multiculturel. Ses nouvelles décrivent l’expérience de la migration en Irlande et la vie des demandeurs d’asile dans les centres de rétention provisoire en montrant les défis et les difficultés de la construction d’une communauté transnationale. Cette contribution examine, d’abord, la notion d’hétérolinguisme et l’influence de « l’anglais pourri » de Ken Saro-Wiwa sur la langue expérimentale des nouvelles d’Okorie. Elle explore ensuite l’usage rhizomatique et hétérogène de la langue et de l’écriture narrative d’Okorie comme porteur d’une esthétique de la résistance. Elle conclut en réfléchissant sur la manière dont l’écriture d’Okorie demande une reconcep
Les interventions du pouvoir royal dans la nomination des directeurs des compagnies au XVIIe siècle
No full textInternational audienceLes directeurs des compagnies sont élus par les actionnaires lors d’assemblées générales pour des mandats de durée variée. Mais la monarchie, attentive à l’usage des nombreux privilèges et autres prérogatives qu’elle a concédés pour satisfaire ses projets d’affirmation maritime et commerciale, peut intervenir dans la nomination des directeurs. Mais selon quelles modalités et à quelles conditions
Mobility behaviour of trail runners to events: The dominance of the car and local races offers prospects for a transition to more sustainable events
No full textInternational audienc
Healthcare Facility Location Problem and Fitness Landscape Analysis
No full textInternational audienceThis paper presents an initial study of a Healthcare Facility Location Problem, the Two-Level P-Median Location Problem (TLPMLP). The main goal is to analyze problem instances by studying their associated fitness landscape characteristics, with a focus on ruggedness, neutrality and number of local optima. For each instance, we consider two fitness landscapes defined by the following two functions: the direct neighborhood function (O(n)) complexity) and the two-step Neighborhood function (O(n(2)) complexity). We also conduct a preliminary exploration on the correlation between the fitness landscape characteristics and the solving difficulty by using an exact method (binary linear program) and two straightforward local search methods: a hillclimber and sampled walk. Experiments are conducted on 40 instances from the literature and 27 randomly generated ones. We discuss our results and point out several future research directions on these initial approaches to analyzing TLPMLP
Phase-Engineered 1T/2H MoS2 via Spray Coating : Role of Precursor Concentration in Structural and Electronic Tuning
No full textInternational audienceMolybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) is particularly compelling due to its tunable electronic properties, which are intrinsically linked to its polymorphic phases. Controlling the synthesis of mixed-phase MoS2, comprising the metastable metallic 1T-MoS2 phase and the semiconducting 2H-MoS2, is essential for tailoring its structural and electronic properties. Here, we demonstrate the fabrication of 1T/2H-MoS2 mixed-phase structures via a spray coating method, emphasizing the impact of precursor concentration on phase composition and crystallinity. Comprehensive structural and spectroscopic analyses confirm the coexistence of both phases, revealing that increased precursor concentration promotes phase modulation. Optical properties investigations indicate a bandgap energy reduction from 1.48 to 1.19 eV as precursor concentration increases from 5 to 15 mmol·L⁻¹, underscoring the semiconducting nature of the mixed-phase. Electrical characterization further shows that the sample synthesized at 15 mmol·L⁻¹ exhibits the highest electrical conductivity of 2.23 × 10–² mS·cm–1 and the lowest resistivity of 44.78 kΩ·cm, attributed to an increased fraction of the 1T-MoS2 phase. These results provide a viable approach for engineering 1T/2H-MoS2 mixed-phase with tunable structural and electronic properties
On the Stokes resolvent in 3D exterior domains under traction boundary conditions
No full textThe article deals with the Stokes resolvent system in an exterior domain in R^3 , under traction boundary conditions. Existence and uniqueness results are proved for solutions whose velocity part is W^{2,p} -regular, and whose pressure part admits an L^p -integrable gradient. It turned out there are two distinct classes of solutions of this kind. One of them consists of solutions whose velocity part has zero flux on the boundary of the exterior domain. The pressure part of the solutions in the other class is L^r -integrable near infinity. The article further deals with resolvent estimates allowing to define a "Stokes operator" which generates an analytic semigroup
Seafoams associated with phaeocystis sp. bloom accumulate saprophytic and parasitic microorganisms from terrestrial origin
No full textInternational audienceThe community composition, structure, origin, and trophic functions of eukaryotic microorganisms on seafoam deposits (N = 30) and adjacent seawater (N = 32) were explored at the beach of Wimereux (North of France) during the Phaeocystis globosa spring bloom (March-May 2023), using high throughput sequencing of 18S rRNA marker gene. Our results notably showed that eukaryotic communities trapped in seafoams were different from communities in adjacent seawater. In particular, seafoams were rich in ASVs affiliated to saprobes and parasites compared to seawater, with a terrestrial origin for most of them
Être plus inclusif·ve en CSTI c’est accepter de « partager le pouvoir que nous donne le savoir » . Retour sur une formation-action de professionnel·les de la CSTI
No full textInternational audienceHauts-de-France dans le cadre du Fonds d'Innovation Territoriale (FIT) Être plus inclusif•ve en CSTI c'est accepter de « partager le pouvoir que nous donne le savoir
Marine biotoxins in Mediterranean seafood: Environmental occurrence and food safety concerns
No full textInternational audienceHarmful Algal Blooms (HABs) are naturally occurring proliferations of microalgae that can negatively impact environmental, animal and human health, as well as societies. In the Mediterranean Sea, biotoxin-producing HABs events are becoming increasingly prevalent. This study addresses the gaps in consolidated data on biotoxin contamination levels in seafood by compiling and analyzing data from various sources. It provides a spatiotemporal overview of biotoxin occurrence in the Mediterranean Sea, identifying regional variations and data gaps, and assess human exposure to biotoxins. A comprehensive dataset was created that integrates information from 103 scientific publications and open access biotoxin monitoring databases. The analysis reveals that most publications focus on paralytic and diarrhetic shellfish toxins, which are predominantly found in bivalve molluscs, often exceeding Codex Alimentarius safety limits. Non-regulated toxins such as tetrodotoxin, pinnatoxin and palytoxins are also regularly found above recommended safety levels. Seafood consumption estimates, derived from the Aquatic Resource Trade in Species (ARTIS), Global Dietary database (GDD) and FAO regional capture, show that shellfish are a significant protein source for mediterranean countries, reaching 7.84 g/day/capita in Italy with up to 2.85 g/day/capita of locally sourced shellfish. This underscores potential human health risks in the absence of robust food safety monitoring systems. Data analysis reveals regional variations in toxin prevalence across Mediterranean sub-basins and highlights disparities in data availability, with toxin data available in only 11 out of the 23 Mediterranean countries. This work highlights the importance of international cooperation in data sharing through platforms such as the Harmful Algal Event Database (HAEDAT). It contributes to improving our understanding of contamination levels, essential for promoting food safety, food security, and sustainable economies in Mediterranean countries