Portail HAL de l'Université Picardie Jules Verne
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L’indemnisation du préjudice aggravé n’exige pas celle du préjudice initial
No full textInternational audienc
Early detection of opioid-induced hyperalgesia after an ICU stay using quantified sensory testing: An observational cohort case–control study
No full textInternational audienceBackground Opioids can heighten sensitivity to noxious stimuli, leading to opioid-induced hyperalgesia (OIH). Despite the frequent use of high opioid doses in ICU settings, the presence of OIH following ICU stays remains undocumented. Methods This prospective observational study aimed to assess OIH presence and its clinical implications in post-ICU patients. Adults with confirmed Sars-CoV-2 infection hospitalized in the ICU for over 48 h were included, with opioid dosage recorded. At ICU discharge, 11 quantitative sensory tests (QSTs) were conducted at two non-painful sites, and pain presence, intensity, and characteristics were assessed at discharge and 4 months later. Results Analysis of 41 patients (20 opioid-treated, 21 controls) revealed significantly higher hyperalgesia levels in the opioid-treated group across six tests at both sites, including cold pain thresholds, heat and cold tolerance thresholds, duration of tolerance to a 47°C stimulus, and thermal and mechanical temporal summation. Conclusions Our findings underscore the importance of QST in early OIH detection, identifying thermal tolerance thresholds and thermal/mechanical temporal summation tests as sensitive indicators. Subclinical hyperalgesia in ICU patients on opioids heightens susceptibility to chronic pain development, emphasizing the need for vigilant opioid monitoring and adjustment in ICU care
DNA fragmentation and chromatin denaturation in various sperm categories: A prospective cohort study
No full textInternational audienceObjective: To evaluate how DNA fragmentation index (DFT) and chromatin denaturation index (CDI) relate to semen parameters across different types of male infertility, thereby improving the understanding and assessment of sperm quality. Methods: A prospective and descriptive cohort study was conducted over two years at the Integrated Physiology Laboratory of the University of Carthage in collaboration with the Alyssa Fertility Group, Tunisia. A total of 163 participants were classified into five groups based on their semen parameters: normozoospermia, oligozoospermia, asthenozoospermia, teratozoospermia, and oligo-astheno-teratozoospermia. The normozoospermia group was selected from volunteers who had children. Semen samples were analyzed according to WHO guidelines. DFI was measured using Halosperm ® and CDI was tested using aniline blue staining. Results: Both DFI and CDI were significantly higher in all infertility groups, with the oligozoospermia group showing the highest DFI and CDI. Negative correlations were found between DFI/CDI and sperm motility, concentration, and morphology in the affected groups. The normozoospermia group served as a control with the lowest DFI and CDI values. Conclusions: DFI and CDI are increasingly recognized as important biomarkers for evaluating sperm quality in cases of male infertility. Their elevated levels in patients with oligozoospermia, asthenozoospermia, teratozoospermia, and oligo-astheno-teratozoospermia underscore their potential role in not only diagnosing male infertility but also in assessing the overall reproductive outcomes for affected individuals, thus guiding more effective treatment strategies
Avant-propos
No full textInternational audienceThe rich history of deaf culture since the creation of French Sign Language in the late 1700s, along with the dynamic field of sensory history, call into question our ignorance of the social fact of deafness in France from the 1500s to the mid-1700s. The anthropological and sociological concept of the "deaf experience" offers a framework for analysis that transcends the traditional biomedical perspective of individual impairment. It favours the study of sensory diversity without depoliticising it: it captures both the communication practices shared by deaf and non-deaf people, and the boundaries of action imposed by discrimination and resistance. Through this lens, the dossier highlights the erasure of deaf history in heritage preservation processes. Seven papers examine evidence of deafness in the Abbey of Saint-Jean d'Amiens and the Picardy region, as well as in literature, with poets like Ronsard and Du Bellay, and within treatises on sacred rhetoric.La vitalité de l’histoire sourde à partir de l’institution de la langue des signes française à la fin du xviiie siècle et le dynamisme de l’histoire des sens invitent à interroger notre méconnaissance du fait social qu’est la surdité du xvie au milieu du xviiie siècle en France. La notion d’« expérience sourde », anthropologique et sociale, fournit une catégorie d’analyse qui écarte l’approche biomédicale d’une déficience individuelle. Elle privilégie l’étude de la diversité sensorielle sans la dépolitiser : elle saisit tant les pratiques de communication partagées entre personnes sourdes ou non, que les frontières d’action imposées par des faits de discrimination et de résistance. Le dossier signale ainsi l’effacement de l’histoire sourde dans le processus de patrimonialisation. Il enquête sur les traces de la surdité dans l’abbaye Saint-Jean d’Amiens et en Picardie, ainsi que dans l’histoire littéraire, auprès des poètes Ronsard et Du Bellay, et dans les traités de rhétorique sacrée
Urinary sodium wasting and disrupted collecting duct function in mice with distal renal tubular acidosis mutations
No full textInternational audienceDistal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA) results in metabolic acidosis owing to impaired urinary acidification and can result in an unexplained urinary sodium-wasting phenotype. We report the generation and characterization of a novel dRTA mutant mouse line, Ae1 L919X knock-in (KI). Homozygous L919X KI mice exhibit typical dRTA features, including reduced ability to acidify urine in response to an acid load. This renal acidification defect was associated with a reduced number of kAE1-positive type A intercalated cells. To assess whether these mice exhibit urinary sodium wasting, homozygous L919X KI mice and the previously described R607H KI mice were fed a salt-depleted acid diet. In line with human patients, both mouse strains exhibited urinary sodium loss. Additionally, we identified increased expression of tight junction proteins claudin 4 and claudin 10b, suggesting a compensatory paracellular pathway. Consistent with data from human patients, L919X KI mice displayed a milder phenotype than that of R607H KI mice. Our findings reveal that both mouse strains are appropriate models for dRTA with a urinary salt-wasting phenotype and compensatory upregulation of the paracellular pathway
Engagement, militantisme et droit public : recherche sur les universitaires politisés
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« Écrire sur les films en féministe : le cinéma dans la revue Sorcières (1975-1982) »
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Daily or intermittent vitamin D supplementation in patients with or at risk of Osteoporosis: Position statement from the GRIO
No full textInternational audienceAdvantages and disadvantages of intermittent versus daily vitamin D supplementation especially in adults with or at risk of osteoporosis are discussed by the Osteoporosis Research and Information Group (GRIO). The analysis of the literature suggests that intermittent long-term high doses vitamin D supplementation (such as 60,000 IU/month or more), may increase the risk of falls, fracture and premature death in certain populations, while daily doses of 800-1000 IU with calcium decrease falls and non-vertebral fractures in the elderly with vitamin D deficiency. In patients with or at risk of osteoporosis we hence recommend measuring the 25(OH)D concentration prior to supplementation and to provide vitamin D supplementation (with optimization of calcium intake if needed) to obtain a concentration between 30 and 60 ng/mL. We recommend the use of an initial loading dose, especially in those who need a quick repletion of vitamin D store (symptoms of osteomalacia and/or 25(OH)D concentration <12 ng/mL, patients eligible for treatment with potent antiresorptive therapy), followed by a maintenance dose. A daily supplementation should be the rule when possible. When daily forms are however not available or not reimbursed, we recommend, like other experts, to continue using intermittent dosing with the smallest available dose (≤ 50 000 IU) and the shortest interval between doses as a stopgap until reimbursement or adequate daily pharmaceutical forms (pills or soft capsules of 1000, 2000 IU) are available
The Porosity of Medieval Insular Romance
No full textConsacré aux romans médiévaux « populaires » en anglais, ce volume de RANAM explore, dans une perspective interdisciplinaire, la porosité d’un genre fascinant qui résiste à toute définition et ne cesse de remettre en question frontières et limites. Les auteurs abordent la question des transformations du corps, notamment du corps féminin, analysent les connections que les romans établissent entre littérature, philosophie, politique et technique, et retracent les mutations des textes, au fil de leurs réécritures multiples, dans des lieux et des temps différents