Portail HAL de l'Université Picardie Jules Verne
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La place du scripteur urbain dans la procédure judiciaire des villes médiévales de l’Ouest
No full textInternational audienceCette article présente le rôle du scripteur au cours de la procédure en insistant sur son rôle en amont du procès mais aussi pendant le procès que cela soit en tant que greffier ou juge suppléant. Il évoque, enfin, le rôle du scripteur après le procès qui se limite, dans les villes de l’Ouest, à des travaux d’écritures
One-dimensional symmetry results for semilinear equations and inequalities on half-spaces.
No full textWe prove new one-dimensional symmetry results for non-negative solutions,possibly unbounded, to the semilinear equation in the upper half-space .Some Liouville-type theorems are also proven in the case of differential inequalities in ,even without imposing any boundary condition.Although subject to dimensional restrictions, our results apply to a broad family of func-tions . In particular, they apply to all non-negative that behaves at least linearly atinfinity
Dysfonctionnement glymphatique évalué par DTI-ALPS dans la cohorte ONDRI : évolution de la substance grise, des anomalies de la substance blanche, du ralentissement cognitif, et rôle de la GFAP
No full textInternational audienceIntroductionUn dysfonctionnement du système glymphatique peut être lié à des maladies neurocognitives et peut être évalué par le Diffusion Tensor Imaging–Analysis Along the Perivascular Space (DTI-ALPS). Son rôle demeure mal compris.ObjectifsLes objectifs étaient : évaluer l’association du DTI-ALPS initial avec l’évolution de la substance grise (SG) et des anomalies de la substance blanche (ASB), étudier la médiation par la Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) et l’effet sur le déclin de la vitesse de traitement.MéthodesDans la cohorte ONDRI (Ontario Neurodegenerative Disease Research Initiative), incluant Maladie d’Alzheimer (MA), dégénérescences lobaires frontotemporales (DLFT) et maladies cérébrovasculaires (CV), nous avons étudié via des des analyses de régressions linéaires et médiations : l’association du DTI-ALPS initial avec l’évolution à un an du volume de SG, des ASB et du déclin de la vitesse de traitement (Trail Making Test A et Symbol Digit Modalities Test), et le rôle de la GFAP plasmatique.RésultatsChez 304 participants (âge moyen 69,7 ± 7,7 ans, 60,8 % hommes) : MA 39,2 %, DLFT 14,7 %, CV 45,4 %, un DTI-ALPS initial plus faible était associé à la diminution de SG (β = 0,111, p = 0,048) et à l’augmentation des ASB (β = –0,148, p = 0,013). La GFAP plasmatique intial médiait l’effet du DTI-ALPS initial sur la perte de SG (effet indirect 845,94 ± 863,52 ; 95 % CI [73,89, 3370,62]). Le DTI-ALPS initial avait un effet sur le déclin de la vitesse de traitement, médié par le volume initial de la SG (effet indirect 0,1385 ± 0,0757 ; 95 % CI [0,042, 0,3016]).DiscussionLe dysfonctionnement glymphatique évalué par DTI-ALPS était lié à la perte de SG, à la progression des ASB et au déclin cognitif, avec une rôle de la GFAP, marqueur d’activation astrogliale. Ces résultats soutiennent un modèle pathologique intégrant altération glymphatique, neuroinflammation et modifications structurelles, expliquant le déclin cognitif dans une cohorte mixte représentative des patients des cliniques « mémoire ».ConclusionLe dysfonctionnement glymphatique et la neuroinflammation paraissent des mécanismes clés dans les maladies cognitives et représentent des pistes thérapeutiques potentielles
Familial SLC29A3-related histiocytosis with presumed choroidal infiltration: expanding the spectrum of histiocytosis-lymphadenopathy plus syndrome
No full textInternational audienceH syndrome (HS) is a rare autosomal recessive histiocytosis caused by biallelic mutations of the SLC29A3 gene. Ophthalmological involvement is not typical in HS, but is a known manifestation of non-Langerhans histiocytoses. We report two adult siblings with genetically confirmed HS who developed bilateral choroidal infiltration, expanding the phenotypic spectrum of SLC29A3-related histiocytosis.The first case was a woman with a history of HS who presented with progressive visual loss and choroidal lesions on imaging. Systemic findings and histological analyses confirmed non-Langerhans histiocytosis without BRAF V600E mutation. This patient’s brother, who was previously asymptomatic, had similar choroidal and systemic findings. Both displayed evidence of MAPK pathway activation (phospho-ERK positive) without detectable somatic mutations.These findings expand the phenotypic spectrum of SLC29A3-related histiocytosis to include presumed choroidal involvement
Forecasting future disequilibrium through species distribution models in a quasi-permanent non-equilibrium state
No full textInternational audienceShifts in species distribution are known to lag behind their natural and anthropogenic drivers. However, future projections are still based on the unchallenged quest for an existing baseline, sometime in the past, during which biodiversity is considered to be in an equilibrium state with its environment. This assumption prevents us from accounting for the long-term effects of past dynamics in many biodiversity drivers. Existing frameworks aiming to tackle this issue still rely on the equilibrium assumption because non-equilibrium dynamics are only considered as transient phases between successive equilibrium states.Here, we propose a paradigm shift considering multiple trajectories of long-term environmental changes and disturbance events that push biodiversity into a quasi-permanent non-equilibrium state. Based on this conceptual framework, we developed a non-equilibrium species distribution modelling (SDM) approach in order to evaluate the current and future lagging dynamics in species redistribution.This approach was applied on the distribution of 92 European forest birds in response to past trajectories of change in forest cover and climate. Non-equilibrium SDMs suggested unprecedented long-lasting effects of past global changes (average time lag extents ranging from 9 to 231 years). Accounting for these time-lagged effects, future projections of species distribution indicated that the disequilibrium will increase until the end of the century, impacting different biodiversity facets (species richness, phylogenetic and functional diversity).By embracing the quasi-permanent non-equilibrium state between biodiversity and its environment, we can clarify past and future biodiversity trends
Promising synergistic interactions and mixture optimization of safranal, crocin, and crocetin from Moroccan Crocus sativus L. with enhanced antimicrobial activity
No full textInternational audienceThis study explores the antimicrobial activity of three principal bioactive constituents of Crocus sativus L.—safranal, crocin, and crocetin—using a simplex-centroid mixture design to evaluate their individual and synergistic effects. Twelve formulations were tested against Staphylococcus aureus , Escherichia coli , Candida albicans , and Geotrichum candidum . Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined via microdilution assays, and the results were fitted using special cubic regression models. The models exhibited strong predictive accuracy (R 2 = 0.97–0.99). Safranal showed the highest individual activity against S. aureus (σ 1 = 169.77, p = 0.0053), while crocin exerted the strongest effect on E. coli (σ 2 = 166.63, p < 0.0001). Significant synergistic interactions were observed between crocin and crocetin for both bacterial strains (σ 23 = −290.34 for S. aureus ; −170.28 for E. coli ). Ternary mixtures displayed superior efficacy compared to single compounds, producing the lowest MIC values across all pathogens. The optimal antibacterial formulation—33.31% safranal, 33.29% crocin, and 33.39% crocetin—yielded MICs of 41.14% (v/v) (predicted) and 39.5% ± 0.75% (v/v) (experimental) against E. coli . Against S. aureus , a blend of 27% safranal, 33% crocin, and 38% crocetin resulted in a predicted MIC of 42.15% (v/v) , confirmed experimentally at 38.13% ± 1.33% (v/v) . For G. candidum , the optimized mixture reached MIC values of 9.13% (v/v) (predicted) and 10.24% ± 2.05% (v/v) (observed). These findings demonstrate that synergistic combinations of saffron-derived metabolites markedly enhance antimicrobial potency. Moreover, mixture design modeling emerges as an effective predictive and optimization strategy for developing reproducible, plant-based antimicrobial formulations targeting antibiotic resistance
Advancing corporate green innovation through science: The role of freedom of expression and NGOs
No full textInternational audienceWe contribute to recent developments in Triple Helix model by examining the impact of environmental research output on corporate environmental innovation, with a particular emphasis on the role of government and civil society in shaping this relationship. Drawing on a large sample of 1781 companies across 42 countries from 2010 to 2023, we find that a greater volume of environment-related scientific research positively influences firms' capacity to develop environmental innovations. Two underlying mechanisms appear to explain this effect. First, environmental research plays a cognitive role by facilitating the diffusion of scientific knowledge that is essential for environmental innovation. Second, scientific output exerts a normative institutional influence, guiding organizational behavior toward greater sustainability. We further show that these dynamics are strengthened by the moderating effects of freedom of expression and the presence of environmental NGOs
TAAR1 activation normalizes dopamine signaling and decreases alcohol intake in SRKO mice after adolescent ethanol exposure
No full textInternational audienceGlutamatergic and dopaminergic dysregulations are major features of alcohol use disorder (AUD). The trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1), which modulates both systems, has emerged as a promising therapeutic target, although the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we used male serine racemase knockout (SRKO) mice, a model of chronic NMDA receptor hypofunction and mesolimbic hyperdopaminergia, to investigate how TAAR1 activation shapes alcohol consumption and ethanol-induced dopamine release. Ethanol intake was measured during adolescence and adulthood, and ex vivo fast-scan cyclic voltammetry was used to examine dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) core. SRKO mice consumed less alcohol than wild-type controls during adolescence, an effect amplified in adulthood and associated with a blunted dopaminergic response to acute ethanol. Adult SRKO mice previously exposed to alcohol during adolescence displayed an enhanced sensitivity to the TAAR1 full agonist RO5166017, which markedly reduced alcohol consumption and normalized dopamine signaling across groups, leading to similar ethanol-evoked decreases in NAc dopamine release. These findings show that NMDA receptor hypofunction and adolescent alcohol exposure increase TAAR1 signaling sensitivity, making TAAR1 activation particularly effective at reducing alcohol consumption and normalizing dopamine function. This work supports TAAR1 as a relevant molecular target for AUD, especially in conditions involving glutamatergic dysfunction and a history of adolescent alcohol exposure
Equilibrium red blood shape configurations to Canham-Hilfrich energy: Analytical study
No full textInternational audienceIn this study, we revisit the Canham-Helfrich energy to analytically determine the equilibrium configurations of the red blood cell (RBC). By extending the work of Au and Wan Au and Wan (2003), we establish a sufficient analytical condition ensuring the existence of the biconcave equilibrium shape. This result provides a rigorous complement to previous asymptotic arguments, clarifying the mechanical balance underlying RBC morphology. Moreover, the analytical derivation of the equilibrium shape function from the Helfrich energy naturally reproduces the empirical contour equation proposed by Evans and Fung Evans and Fung (1972). This demonstrates that their experimental results can be obtained via the energy-minimization framework, thereby linking experimental observations with a consistent theoretical foundation. The present results provide both a mathematical completion and a physical unification of previous models, confirming that the biconcave RBC geometry arises as an equilibrium configuration governed by simple curvature constraints