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Borders as Apparatus of Domination. The Pushbacks Practices Under Scrutiny
No full textInternational audienc
Can Widely Used Methods Be Turned Into eDNA Samplers for Ground-Dwelling Arthropods? Insights From Two Pilot Studies in West European Salt Marshes
No full textInternational audienceThe pressing demand for arthropod preservation, coupled with a decline in taxonomic expertise and available resources, calls for innovative strategies in assessing biodiversity. Metabarcoding and more recently environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding have been shown to be a promising technique for identifying terrestrial arthropods. This research evaluated the efficacy of two conventional sampling approaches, adapted for metabarcoding surveys, in monitoring the diversity of spiders (Araneae) and beetles (Coleoptera) within salt marsh environments. The methods tested were suction sampling (G-vac) and modified pitfall traps (NDC, a non-destructive DNA collector). Through two pilot experiments in salt-marsh environments, we found that both methods successfully identified diverse arthropod communities, though discrepancies with traditional morphological identification highlighted the strengths and limitations of molecular approaches. Suction sampling excelled in detecting taxa such as Lepidoptera and Salticidae, which are often overlooked by physical collections, whereas modified pitfall traps performed well for dung beetles but faced challenges with wolf spiders (Lycosidae). Our findings underscore the importance of tailoring eDNA protocols to specific taxonomic groups and ecosystems, particularly through strategic primer and DNA fragment selection. While traditional methods remain indispensable for comprehensive biodiversity inventories, eDNA metabarcoding offers a powerful complementary approach for detecting cryptic or undersampled taxa. This study emphasizes the need for the targeted adaptation of eDNA techniques to specific taxonomic groups and ecosystems. Primer choice and DNA fragment selection significantly influenced detection efficiency, with broader primers reducing taxonomic resolution and amplifying bias. Although traditional methods remain critical for comprehensive biodiversity inventories, bulk and eDNA metabarcoding offer a complementary tool. These findings contribute to advancing arthropod monitoring tools and aiding conservation efforts amidst declining entomological resources
A nationwide 12‐month observatory of automated insulin delivery shows improved glucose control, sustained adoption, and reduced acute severe events
No full textInternational audienceAims: A nationwide observational study was conducted to assess the 12-month effectiveness of AID systems in the routine care of people with Type 1 diabetes (PwT1D).Methods: All PwT1D, adults, and children, who initiated AID between January 1, 2022, and December 31, 2022, were included across 79 centres. Clinical data, continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) parameters, acute severe events in the last year, and HbA1c levels were collected at AID initiation, and after 3, 6, and 12 months of AID treatment. Median values [interquartile range, IQR] and % PwT1D with acute severe events were reported. The primary outcome was the change in time in range (TIR; 3.9-10 mmol/L) after 1 year with AID.Results: A total of 2741 PwT1D were included: 44.4% male, age 38 years [29], BMI 24.5 kg/m2 [6.7], diabetes duration 19 years [20]. AID systems were MiniMed 780G in 49.7%, Tandem Control-IQ in 49.3%, others in 1%. After 12 months, TIR increased from 58.0 [21] to 70.1% [14] while HbA1c levels decreased from 7.6 [1.2] to 7.0% [0.8]. Percent PwT1D experiencing severe hypoglycaemia (SH) decreased from 4.1 to 0.9%, and ketoacidosis from 1.2 to 0.6%. All improvements were observed after 3 months, sustained through 12 months, and statistically significant (p < 0.05). Only 2.8% of PwT1D discontinued AID.Conclusions: Twelve months of AID use in routine care improved glucose control in PwT1D, among whom there was less experienced SH and a minor discontinuation
: The Unspoken at Work in Selected Literary Testimonies from Fukushima
No full textInternational audienc
Insights into L4 ordinary chondrites from the Gueltat Zemmour fall, Morocco: Modal mineralogy, chondrule characteristics, and magnetic signatures
No full textInternational audienceThe Gueltat Zemmour meteorite, an L4 ordinary chondrite that fell in southern Morocco on 21 August 2018, was investigated through petrographic, mineralogical, geochemical, and magnetic analyses. X-ray diffraction indicates a modal composition dominated by forsteritic olivine (39.7(4) weight %), enstatite (32.4(3) %), plagioclase (7.3(1) %), troilite (3.7(1) %), and Fe–Ni metal phases (16.9 %, kamacite-dominated). Chondrules represent ∼82 % of the surface area, with porphyritic olivine–pyroxene and porphyritic olivine as the dominant types, and an average diameter of ∼500 μm. Gamma spectrometry confirmed the presence of short-lived cosmogenic radionuclides (e.g., 7Be, 22Na, 26Al, 48V), with a 22Na/26Al activity ratio consistent with a recent fall. Magnetic hysteresis properties and the preservation of tetrataenite in cloudy zone textures indicate slow cooling during parent-body metamorphism. The sulfide assemblage, dominated by troilite with rare pentlandite, combined with Fe/S (∼0.98) and Fe_ox/Si (∼0.36) ratios, reflects reducing redox conditions near the iron–wüstite buffer and minimal secondary alteration. These integrated results confirm the classification of Gueltat Zemmour as an equilibrated L4 chondrite and provide new insights into the thermal history and redox state of L-group parent bodies, contributing to a broader understanding of the early evolution of ordinary chondrites
(Un)Making mess at Europe's data borders: Order, control, critique
No full textInternational audienceCritical border and migration studies have shown that border practices are often messy, ambiguous, improvised and uncertain, while datafication has amplified messiness and its effects on migrants. Describing ‘mess’ at borders has been a critical intervention against the myth of order, homogeneity, predictability, clarity or efficiency. Yet, ‘mess’ can also open spaces for agency and resisting data borders. What do these ambiguities mean for the critical potential of diagnosing mess? Drawing on research we have conducted in border zones in France, Italy, Germany and Spain, we show that the critical potential of mess cannot be gauged through the binary of mess/order. We argue that we need to introduce a third term – control – to understand the critical potential of mess. To do so, we first unpack three dimensions of ‘mess’ – spatial, temporal and material – to situate it in relation to diagnoses of failure, friction, improvisation and non-knowledge in bordering practices. Second, we raise questions about the limits that the co-constitution of mess/order entails for critical research on data borders. Third, we show how control transforms the binary of mess/order into a question about ‘kinds of mess’
Seismic wave interaction with buried cavity networks: Analytical modeling and resonance effects
No full textInternational audienceWe study the scattering of elastic waves by a periodic array of cavities buried in an elastic halfspace. This configuration is relevant in seismology, where shallow voids can locally amplify ground motion. Building on homogenized interface models developed for infinite media, we extend the approach to account for the presence of a stress-free surface. The resulting model yields an analytical solution to the 2D elastodynamic problem for incident longitudinal L and transverse T waves. A semi-analytical multimodal solution is used for validation. The analysis reveals the conditions under which resonances occur in the soil layer between the cavity tops and the surface, with particular emphasis on the low-frequency resonance that dominates in seismic contexts. The model identifies the key parameters governing resonance and provides insights into the transition from infinite to finite cavity arrays. It offers a simplified yet accurate framework for assessing site-specific seismic amplification.</div
Bridging Design Science research and formal design theories: leveraging C-K theory for impactful research
No full textInternational audienc
Simultaneous estimation of radiance and its sensitivities to radiative properties in a spherical-heterogeneous atmospheric radiative transfer model by Monte Carlo method: Application to Titan
No full textInternational audienceWe propose a control variates technique to reduce the variance of null-collision Monte Carlo algorithms used for solving the Radiative Transfer Equation (RTE) in highly heterogeneous media. The method complements the classical spatially partitioned overestimate approach by additionally recording the minimum absorption coefficient within each voxel during preprocessing. During path tracing, the attenuation due to this minimum absorption is evaluated analytically, while the residual part is handled by path-samplings. This analytical treatment significantly improves convergence particularly in strongly absorbing media such as the planetary atmospheres in infrared absorbing band. The mathematical equivalence between the original and control-variates estimators is demonstrated, and numerical applications for Earth's and Titan's atmospheres confirm the expected variance reduction.</div
Physical interpretation of the oscillation spectrum on the RGB and AGB
No full textInternational audienceContext. The high frequency resolution of the four-year time series collected by the space-borne telescope Kepler gives us an opportunity to study the seismic mode structure of highly luminous giants in great detail. Seismic observables can be used as to infer the interior structure through comparisons with stellar models. However, we still need to extend the physical interpretation of previously observed seismic differences between hydrogen-shell burning (Red-Giant Branch; RGB) and helium-burning (red clump and Asymptotic-Giant Branch; AGB) stars towards high luminosity stages.Aims. Here we aim to investigate which physical conditions differ between H-shell and He-burning stars in the heliumsecond ionisation zone, through the signature this zone leaves in mode frequencies. In addition, we explore the sensitivity of seismic parameters to the physics implemented in models. Methods. We used a grid of stellar models with mass between 0.8 M⊙ and 2.5 M⊙ and metallicity between -1.0 dex and 0.25 dex. Transfer mechanisms are implemented such as mass loss, core and envelope overshooting, and thermohaline mixing. We infer the p-mode frequencies of the models by artificially suppressing the gravity modes in the core. Results. In accordance with observations, we find that the main stellar properties affecting the seismic observables in the models are the stellar mass and metallicity. Mass loss on the RGB and rotation-induced mixing from the main sequence to the early-AGB cause a phase difference of the helium ionisation zone glitch signature between H-shell and He-burning stars. The amplitude of the glitch signature in the local large separation, ∆ν, is correlated with the density in the helium ionisation zone, which explains the different glitch amplitudes observed between H-shell and He-burning stars. The amplitude exceeds 10% of the observed value of ∆ν in high-luminosity red giants, which makes the asymptotic expansion less accurate when ∆ν ≤ 0.5 µHz.Conclusions. An efficient mass loss on the RGB, typically encountered when M ≤ 1.5 M⊙, can explain the classification of H-shell and He-burning stars based on the p-mode pattern. When M ≥ 1.5 M⊙, efficient mixing mechanisms might leave an important detectable signature in the p-mode frequencies, permitting a potential classification of these stars.</p