International Journal of Business & Economics (IJBE)
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Indian Telecom Services Market: An Analysis of Late Entrant and Market Disruption
Get PDFThe Indian economy is growing at a fast pace. There were many disruptions in the Indian market across industries. The objective of this study was to determine whether the late entrant in India’s telecom services market disrupted the market. Three variables were considered for the study namely, telecom subscribers, internet subscribers and sales revenues of telecom companies. We applied these variables to the three litmus tests developed by Harvard professor Clayton Christensen to determine whether market disruption had happened. To undertake this study, data were collected from telecom companies between 2010 and 2022. The data were retrieved from the website of the telecom regulatory authority of India. Regression analysis was used to understand the trends, Pettit test was used to know whether there is a change point and Chows test was used to identify when the break in time series data had occurred. The study found that the late entrant had indeed disrupted the telecom services market
EU FINANCIAL SUPPORT (IPA) FOR THE REPUBLIC OF KOSOVO
Get PDFThis study aims to investigate the financial impact of EU funds on the economic development of Kosovo, the advancement of financial policies and the achievement of conclusions for the improvement of financial policies, which will have in the future European Union funds – the Instruments for Pre-Accession (IPA) – as the main EU mechanism for increasing public, economic and social capacities for candidate and aspiring countries for EU membership.
The study of the IPA Program for Kosovo represents an original study and aims to provide serious scientific data. IPA is a financial instrument created by the EU with the sole aim of helping countries that wish to join the EU and to settle down. IPA started functioning in 2007 and will continue to function until the countries of the Western Balkans become part of the EU. Before the creation of IPA, the EU used several programmes, such as PHARE, ISPA, SAPARD and CARDS, to assist member states and candidate countries for EU membership, such as Kosovo and Macedonia, and several Balkan countries
Effect of Perceived Home Country Susceptibility to Third-Country Political Pressure on International Alliance Structure
Get PDFThis paper investigates the role of perception of home country susceptibility to international political influences in the structure of international alliances. We study the effect of international economic sanctions imposed unilaterally by one country on another and how those sanctions may alter decisions to abandon equity alliance structures in favor of non-equity contractual forms. Are empirical findings from 496 alliances find support for our hypotheses and emphasize a triple interaction effect which includes the joint moderation of the decision for alliance structure by balance of trade and the volume of trade between countries relative to total size of the economy
THE INFLUENCE OF LEAN MANUFACTURING PRACTICES ON JOINT PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT
Get PDFThe focus of this article is to examine potential influence of lean manufacturing (LM) practices on joint product development (JPD). Comparison of several key factors show high degree of similarities between the two methods. Several hypotheses regarding similarities between the factors for the two methods were developed and tested. Survey data from a sample of manufacturing organizations strongly supports the hypotheses regarding similarities between the factors for the two methods. Statistical results also indicate compared with conventional product development methods, organizations utilizing JPD are in a much better competitive position by being able to develop products faster with better quality, higher frequency, and lower development and manufacturing costs. Broader managerial implication of the research is that successful implementation of LM principles goes much beyond inventory reduction and frequent deliveries. For LM organizations success in JPD is the result of knowledge and technology transfer from their LM system into their new product development process
Moderating Effect of Political Stability on Gross Fixed Capital Formation and Economic Growth of East African Community Member States
Get PDFGoal: This study sought to ascertain how political stability affected the member states of the East African Community's link between GFCF and EG.
Design and Techniques: Panel longitudinal, cross sectional, and correlational study designs were utilized throughout the 2000–2022 study period. In the study, pooled OLS estimation was used to panel data from six (6) EAC member states.
Results: The study discovered that the rate of gross fixed capital creation affected the rate of economic growth. Additionally, the study discovered that the link between gross fixed capital creation and the economic development of the EAC member nations was significantly moderated by political stability.
Originality/value: This study adds to our understanding of the optimal strategies for fostering regional economic growth while taking into account the states' political stability and capital assets.
Implication to Policy: The study implications are that management of political landscape in the region should be prioritized to achieve progressive economic growth alongside investments towards accumulation of capital assets
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN MARKETING: IMPLICATIONS AND FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
Get PDFAI rapidly changes traditional industries using machine learning, deep learning, and big-data technologies. It helps companies better understand customer needs, develop customized marketing campaigns, find more market opportunities, and establish more effective business goals. AI plays a significant role in many fields including cyber security, education, healthcare, finance, and marketing. This paper focuses on the contribution of AI in the marketing field. It has two main contributions. The first contribution is presenting and analyzing the role and effect of AI in marketing. It reviews the previous work of around 185 manuscripts from 2017, since the real evolution of AI to 2024. It utilizes manual/rule-based clustering to group the work of those researchers to either qualitative or quantitative according to its contribution. It also lists its challenges and limitations and accordingly recommends a set of future directions. The second contribution is utilizing the Louvain algorithm to group the papers in the literature review according to their similarities based on the title of each. This allows a better understanding of the nature of the contribution of each literature review paper and the relationship between them
GLOBAL MONTHLY COTTON PRICE TRENDS: INSIGHTS FROM ARIMA TIME-SERIES FORECASTING
Get PDFCotton is a crucial cash crop in the global economy, yet its prices often change due to market trends and seasonal variations. Accurate price forecasting can help farmers, traders, and policymakers make better, timely decisions and promote sustainable production. This study uses a Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) model to analyze and forecast global monthly cotton prices using data from January 1990 to January 2025 obtained from the FRED database. Model selection was performed with the auto.arima function from the forecast package in R, guided by the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) and the Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC). Following the Box–Jenkins methodology, the final model, ARIMA (4,1,1) (0,0,2) [12], satisfied key assumptions of stationarity, normality, and homoscedasticity, confirmed through the Augmented Dickey–Fuller test, Ljung–Box test, and residual ACF/PACF diagnostics. Forecast accuracy was evaluated using Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), Mean Percentage Error (MPE), Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE), and Mean Error (ME), showing modest out-of-sample errors consistent with prior studies on commodity price forecasting. A 30-month forecast indicates a steady increase in cotton prices, from 76.60 U.S. cents per pound in February 2025 to 91.66 cents by January 2027, with minor monthly fluctuations. These findings highlight SARIMA as a practical tool for anticipating cotton price trends and supporting informed decision-making. However, forecasts should be interpreted as guidance rather than exact predictors of future prices. Future studies may benefit from integrating SARIMA with hybrid models or machine learning approaches to better capture complex, non-linear relationships in commodity price forecasting
Is There a Stationary Home Price-Rent Relationship in US Housing Markets?
Get PDFAsset pricing models imply there should be a stationary relationship between house prices and rent. Several previous studies for the U.S. examine this hypothesis by testing for stationarity in the ratio of home values to rents, and fail to reject nonstationarity. However, this method implicitly tests for both a unit root and a particular cointegrating relationship. In addition, most previous studies employ an index for home prices in such tests, which of course entails issues such as representativeness of the housing transactions included and coverage of a particular housing market. In this paper, we employ the actual median dollar price of houses sold in four regional U.S. housing markets, and divide by the rent of primary residence index-, essentially “deflating” house prices by rents. We do, as previous studies have, test for unit roots in the ratio of prices to rents, but we also test for cointegration between the two to avoid imposing a particular cointegrating relationship. The results indicate clear stationarity in the price/rent relationship for three of the four regions, with findings for the West region mixed. In addition, there are positive linear trends for the ratio of house prices to rents, so while prices and rents are together (trend) stationary, the relationship has changed over time, similar to the long-term increase in the price/earnings ratio for equities. Finally, for error correction, we find that rents typically respond to disequilibrium, whereas home prices usually do not, which is contrary to some previous findings that have used different data or examined markets subject to rent control.
JEL Codes: R30, R31, G12
VALUES OF MARKETING MANAGERS WITH MARKETING BUSINESS MARKETING TOOLS
Get PDFValues are the base for understanding attitudes, perception, personality and motivation of individuals affecting their behavior. The system of values determines individual’s priority in accordance with their relative importance. We should consider that the individual tends through his/her life to keep and to preserve the values acquired from his/her early age. It is about attitudes to values of what is right and what isn’t, what is moral and what isn’t. The attitudes of values are tightly related to the age, or to the period of individual’s growing and his/her creation as a person. This could be a kind of explanation why older generations of employees have different attitude to proper working than the younger generations. All of this could be of help for the managers to be able to predict the attitudes of values according to the age, and these attitudes shall be mainly focused to the way of working. They should also be able to direct these attitudes to more general issues related to the company’s working acquiring support from their employees. Unless the managers fail to implement this in their daily work, the undertaken activities will not be favorable. The system of values for managers is comprised by their personal values, some of which acquired and some of which could be from birth and he tends to obey them. Personal values determine the person himself, his/her capacity, characteristics, moral and authority. The values, throughout the system of values, could describe anything that the marketing managers are trying to achieve through their work and their attitude of behavior at work
THE IMPACT OF ACCOUNTING INFORMATION ON MANAGERIAL DECISION-MAKING
Get PDFOne of the numerous challenges that countries such as Kosovo must address during the transition period is enhancing accounting practices to provide both domestic and foreign investors with transparent and dependable information, as well as determining the extent of accountability required from business managers in their decision-making processes. An outdated accounting system and functionality that Kosovo has inherited are incompatible with modern reporting requirements and market demands. For the nation to achieve economic growth, investors, managers, government officials, and others must have access to sufficient accurate and pertinent information to make beneficial economic decisions. Kosovo possesses several small and medium-sized enterprises, necessitating the establishment of appropriate regulations for these operations. Establishing Kosovo's accounting standards is a means to achieve its ultimate European status. In contemporary economies, adherence to accounting standards, encompassing the definition of accounting, accounting systems, and recording procedures, is more vital. This application will directly impact the economic prosperity of the country, particularly in nations adhering to International Accounting Standards. It will also substantially affect the activities of governmental agencies tasked with overseeing and regulating public and private enterprises