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From Molecular Simulations to Experimental Validation of Gas Permeance in Zeolite Membranes
No full textInternational audienceZeolite membranes are promising materials for gas separation applications due to their favorable permeability–selectivity balance. In this work, a multiscale approach is developed that integrates experimental measurements, mass transport modeling based on the Maxwell–Stefan formulation, and molecular simulations. Purely siliceous chabazite (Si-CHA) was selected as a model system owing to its high adsorption capacity and narrow pore openings (3.8 Å), which are well suited for separating CO2-containing mixtures. Permeation and separation performances were experimentally assessed for a series of industrially relevant gases, including CO2, CH4, N2, O2, H2, Ar, and He. Adsorption isotherms were predicted using Grand Canonical Monte Carlo simulations, while diffusivities were computed via Molecular Dynamics. Notably, CH4 exhibited anomalous diffusion behavior due to its kinetic diameter being comparable to the pore size of Si-CHA, leading to a pronounced molecular sieving effect. For the other gases, normal diffusion regimes were observed, allowing the incorporation of simulation-derived transport parameters into the Maxwell–Stefan model to predict membrane permeance and selectivity. Exploring the extent to which membrane properties such as permeance and selectivity can be predicted by molecular simulations and comparing these predictions with experimental data reveal the discrepancies between microscopic and macroscopic scales. Overall, this multiscale strategy provides critical insights into the transport mechanisms in zeolite membranes and emphasizes both the predictive potential and the current limitations of molecular simulations for the membrane-based gas separation process design
Conversion du placement sous surveillance policière en peine privative de liberté, CJUE, 9 oct. 2025, aff. C-798/23, Abbottly
No full textInternational audienceLa conversion d’une peine complémentaire de placement sous surveillance policière en peine privative de liberté peut constituer une décision au sens de l’article 4 bis Cette qualification dépend des pouvoirs du juge et de la finalité de la conversion en droit intern
Varying Trends and Characteristics in Soil Properties in Transition Ecosystems a Case Study of the Tonle Sap Riverbank to Paddy Fields
No full textInternational audienceAims: To assess whether rural settlement areas (RSA) function as transitional zones between the temporarily flooded forests and paddy fields. Study Design: Chhnuktrou commune, Kampong Chhnang province, Cambodia was selected. Place and Duration of Study:101 samples were collected form the study area. Soil samples were selected with 4 types of land use (Riverbank, flooded forest, Rural settlement areas, and paddy fields). Soil samples were collected in all plots in the dry season at the same depth level (0-10cm). Methodology: All the samples analyzed the soil physicochemical such as Bulk density, soil particle size, pH and Electrical conductivity (EC), soil organic matter and C stocks. The experiment was carried out in the soil laboratory at the Institute of Technology of Cambodia. Results: The results revealed a fertility gradient from the riverbank to the paddy fields, with higher clay contend and carbon concentrations observed in riverbank and flooded forest. Interestingly, RSA exhibited distinct soil properties with localized enrichment in clay and carbon, most likely driven by anthropogenic factors such as waste accumulation and sediment redistribution. Conclusion: These findings emphasize the unique pedological characteristics of RSA and underscore the importance of considering them in land-specific soil management strategies within floodplain landscapes
Bilan du Groupe de Travail 8 les technologies pour l’apprentissage, l’enseignement et la formation
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The addition of a tyrosine kinase inhibitor to intensive chemotherapy significantly improves outcome in de novo BCR::ABL1+ acute myeloid leukemia treated with intensive chemotherapy
No full textInternational audienceIntroduction: De novo BCR::ABL1+ acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a distinct and rare entity (0.1%-3% of AML), classified as adverse-risk in the ELN 2022 classification (Döhner H et al., Blood 2022). However, we recently published the favorable outcome of 18 de novo BCR::ABL1+ AML from the French DATAML registry treated with imatinib + intensive chemotherapy (IC) (Gondran C et al., Blood Cancer Journal 2024): CR/CRi, 94.4%; 3-year OS, 77%; that compared favorably to intermediate- and adverse-risk AML. To confirm these results, we performed a multicentric European retrospective data collection of de novo BCR::ABL1+ AML characteristics, treatment data and outcome. Methods: Inclusion criteria for this retrospective study were: adult AML with ≥ 20% bone marrow blasts, BCR::ABL1+or t(9;22)(q34.1;q11.2), with no history of previous chronic myeloid leukemia (even if < 6 months) and no prior exposition to BCR::ABL1 tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), who were treated with IC +/- TKI. Acute leukemia of ambiguous lineage were excluded. Results: We collected the data of 250 patients with de novo BCR::ABL1+ AML diagnosed from March 1999 to December 2024. 212 patients were treated with IC: 89 with IC alone and 123 with IC + TKI. Median age was 54 years and 67 patients (32%) were older than 60. Forty-three patients (28.5%) presented with splenomegaly. The median WBC was 45.109/L (29 in the IC arm vs. 53 in the IC + TKI arm). One hundred and fifteen patients (60%) had additional chromosomal abnormalities, 28 (15%) had a monosomal karyotype and 62 (32%) had complex abnormalities. BCR::ABL1 isotype was p210 in 80% and p190 in 20%. Molecular data were available for the most recent patients: the co-occurring mutations present in more than 10% of cases were: RUNX1 (N=32/100: 32%), BCOR (N=11/82: 13%), ASXL1 (N=10/79: 13%), WT1 (N=9/72: 13%), DNMT3A (N=8/73: 11%), and NPM1 (N=15/147: 10%); a TP53 mutation was found in 7% (N=5/77). IC was a 7+3 including daunorubicin+cytarabine in 107 patients (59%), idarubicin+cytarabine in 59 patients (36%) or another scheme in 14 (8%). In the IC + TKI arm, imatinib was added in 66 patients (54%; 400-800 mg/day), dasatinib in 40 patients (33%; 100-140 mg/day), ponatinib in 11 patients (9%; 15-45 mg/day), and nilotinib in 6 patients (5%; 600-800 mg/day). Response assessment was available in 78 patients in IC arm and 122 patients in IC + TKI arm. Composite complete remission (CR/CRi) was achieved in 52 patients (66.7%) in the IC arm, and 110 patients (90.2%) in the IC + TKI arm (P<0.0001). 28.2% and 9.0% of patients had primary refractory disease in the IC and IC + TKI arm, respectively (p<0.001). 97 patients (59.9%) were transplanted in CR1 (26 patients [50%] in IC arm and 71 patients [64.5%] in IC + TKI arm, P=0.077). The relapse rate was 28% in the IC arm and 18% in the IC + TKI arm (P=0.159). With a median follow-up of 66.7 months, the 3-year and 5-year OS were 42.1% and 38.5% in the IC arm and 70.9% and 62.9% in the IC + TKI arm (P<0.0001). The median OS was 20.5 months in the IC arm and not reached in the IC + TKI arm. The 3-year and 5-year RFS were 52.1% and 49.3% in the IC arm and 73.0% and 67.1% in the IC + TKI arm (P=0.0095). The 3-year and 5-year EFS were 32.1% and 30.4% in the IC arm and 66.7% and 61.4% in the IC + TKI arm (P<0.0001). Of note, in the IC + TKI arm, 26 out of 39 patients (67%) who were not transplanted did not relapse and had a median OS of 65.8 months. In multivariate analyses, the addition of TKI to IC was significantly and independently associated with an improvement in CR/CRi rate (OR: 4.74 [2.17-10.35]; P<0.001), in OS (HR: 0.40 [0.27-0.62]; P<0.001), in EFS (HR 0.37 [0.25-0.55]; P<0.001) and RFS (HR: 0.42 [0.23-0.75]; P=0.004) adjusted for confounding factors including allo-HSCT as time-dependent variable. The other independent poor predictive factors were: age older than 60 years for OS and EFS; and WBC over 50.109/L, IC regimen different than 7+3 and absence of alloSCT for RFS. Conclusions: The addition of a TKI significantly improves the outcome of de novo BCR::ABL1+ AML treated with intensive chemotherapy, and should be a standard of care for this entity. This study should lead to the revision of the current ELN AML genetic risk classification, as this entity no longer deserves to be classified as adverse
First assessment of metal contamination and ecological risks in aquaculture ponds in Hanoi city, Vietnam
No full textInternational audienceFreshwater aquaculture strongly contributes to the socio-economic development of many countries in Southeast Asia. Water and sediment quality, including ten metals and some other variables (pH, total organic carbon (TOC), and nutrients) were investigated in five aquaculture ponds in Hanoi city in 2023. The average concentrations of ten metals in surface waters and sediments (in mu g.L-1 and mg.kg-1, respectively) measured by Inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy, were: Fe (263.6; 7,686); Mn (171.6; 516.0); Cr (5.7; 57.2); Cu (4.8; 50.2); Ni (3.6; 37.8); Zn (3.4; 204.3); As (1.6; 23.0); Pb (0.8; 39.9); Cd (0.3; 0.08); and Hg (0.1; 0.16). The mean concentrations of Mn, TOC, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus in water and As in sediments exceeded the permissible values of the Vietnam national regulations. The potential ecological risk assessment revealed that within 10 metals, Mn in water was at slight pollution level whereas As may have a toxic effect on organisms in sediments. Untreated wastewater from households and craft production villages and agricultural runoff were probably the anthropogenic sources of pollution to these ponds. The results of this 'snap-shot' study underline the need of filling the gaps in national regulations, higher frequency monitoring and reveal the importance of identifying and treating pollution sources to aquaculture ponds in order to improve environmental and human health. This work also demonstrated the need for synergistic efforts from scientists, policy makers, government managers, and communities to manage and protect environment of aquaculture ponds in Hanoi as well as in Vietnam
Soil erosion control in tree plantations on steep slopes: Runoff water and sediment trapping efficiency of riparian grass buffer in mountainous humid tropics
No full textInternational audienceRiparian grass buffers reduce the velocity of water flowing over the soil surface during storms, capturing surface runoff (SR) and trapping soil particles eroded from cultivated slopes. Rarely quantified under steep slope conditions (>45 %), this phenomenon probably occurs in many mountain agroecosystems in the humid tropics. In Southeast Asia, teak plantations are often established on steep slopes where they can lead to significant soil loss (SL), particularly when the understory is removed. Therefore, we aimed to: quantify the effect of riparian grass buffers on SR and SL downstream of a teak plantation; and estimate the trapping efficiency of riparian grass buffers for water (WTE) and sediment (STE). Field measurements were carried out in Northern Lao PDR during the2014 rainy season, considering riparian zones with contrasted ground covers: (1) uncovered (URZ -7-year-old teak trees with mean grass and litter densities of 7 % (SD 2 %) and 4 % (SD 3 %), respectively; (2) transitional (TRZ -7-year-old teak trees with mean grass and litter densities of 19 % (SD 10 %) and 56 % (SD 9 %), respectively; and (3) covered (CRZ -grassed areas without teak trees with mean grass and litter densities of 46 % (SD 13 %) and 47 % (SD 21 %), respectively). WTE and STE were estimated based on measurements carried out from 6 July to 6 September2014 under natural rainfall conditions, using pairs of triplicate Gerlach troughs installed at the upper and lower margins of 5-and 10-m riparian sections (encompassing areas of ~25 and 50 m 2 , respectively). Runoff coefficient (Rc), SL, and soil surface features were measured on the occasion of 20 rainfall events in 1-m 2 microplots. Rc and SL were higher in URZ (56 %, 5791 g⋅m -2 ) than in TRZ (13 %, 250 g⋅m -2 ) and CRZ (19 %, 159 g⋅m -2 ). Median WTE and STE were the highest along the 10-m TRZ + CRZ riparian grass buffer at 85 % and 97 % respectively. Partial Least Square Regression (PLSR) modelling yielded a good agreement between observation and prediction for WTE and STE at seasonal scale. Overall, the results of this work indicate that 5 to 10 m riparian grass buffers limit the export of surface water and sediment downstream during small (24h rainfall ≤20.9 mm⋅d -1 , return period ≤1 year) to large storms (40.0 mm⋅d -1 < 24-h rainfall ≤84.5 mm⋅d -1 , 1.01 year<return period≤2 years)
Projet Plasti-nium (2021-2025) - Flux de microplastiques via les retombées atmosphériques sur Nantes
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Keratin intermediate filaments mechanically position melanin pigments for genome photoprotection
No full textInternational audienceMelanin pigments block genotoxic agents by positioning on the sun-exposed side of the nucleus in human skin keratinocytes. How this positioning is regulated and its role in genome photoprotection remain unknown. Here, by developing a model of human keratinocytes internalizing extracellular melanin into pigment organelles, we show that keratin 5 and keratin 14 intermediate filaments and microtubules control the three-dimensional perinuclear position of pigments, shielding DNA from photodamage. Imaging and microrheology in a human-disease-related model identify structural keratin cages surrounding pigment organelles to stiffen their microenvironment and maintain their three-dimensional position. Optimum supranuclear spatialization of pigment organelles is required for DNA photoprotection and relies on intermediate filaments and microtubules bridged by plectin cytolinkers. Thus, the mechanically driven proximity of pigment organelles to the nucleus is a key photoprotective parameter. Uncovering how human skin counteracts solar radiation by positioning the melanin microparasol next to the genome anticipates that dynamic spatialization of organelles is a physiological response to ultraviolet stress
Morphostratigraphy and Dating of Last Glacial Loess–Palaeosol Sequences in Northwestern Europe: New Results from the Track of the Seine-Nord Europe Canal Project (Northern France)
No full textInternational audienceThe Hermies-Ruyaulcourt site (Pas-de-Calais), investigated within the "Canal Seine-Nord Europe" project, provides an exceptional record of pedosedimentary dynamics throughout the last interglacial-glacial cycle (Eemian-Weichselian). Eight stratigraphic trenches, correlated along 350 m, reveal several pedosedimentary units strongly influenced by local topography. This study combines sedimentological and micromorphological analyses with optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating. For OSL ages, a correction of the water content calculation protocol was developed, accounting for long-term moisture variations during burial. Nine OSL ages from humic horizons of the Early Glacial (MIS 5d-5a) and colluvial deposits of the Lower Pleniglacial (MIS 4) represent the first robust chronological dataset for these periods in northern France. Their internal consistency and agreement with existing thermoluminescence ages on burnt flints support their reliability. Moreover, geomorphological analysis highlights intense erosional phases which are interpreted as rapid permafrost destabilisation events linked to the melting of large ice-wedge networks around 60-55 ka and 30 ka (thermokarst erosion gullies). These investigations thus enable the chronology of the loess-palaeosols and the link with associated climatic events to be refined. This leads to a spatio-temporal model describing the evolution of Last Glacial environments in Western Europe, providing a robust reference for studying the Neanderthal occupation of the area