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Actes du colloque international et interdisciplinaire de recherche: "Transitions écologiques en transactions et actions - T2021"
No full textInternational audienceCollection of selected papers from the international interdisciplinary research confer-ence: Ecological Transitions in Transactions and Actions, T2021. Scheduled in Toulouse University J. Jaurès, from June 21-25, 2021. Finally produced as webinar to face with agility and resilience to the persistent Covid-19 context, which pushes us to our entrenchments to safeguard the human links essential for a research in collective intelligence!Keywords: Ecologization of Practices; Sustainable Food; Agroecology of landscapes; Health-Environment; Collective intelligence; Ecological Transitions; Urban agriculture; Inter/Trans-disciplinarity; Sustainability Criteria.Program and additional information (some pdf presentations, posters and films of the conference) available on the T2021 site : https://transitions2021.sciencesconf.org/Recueil des communications sélectionnées du colloque international de recherche interdisciplinaire « Transitions Ecologiques en transactions et actions, T2021 ». Programmé à Toulouse, Université J. Jaurès, du 21-25 juin 2021. Réalisé in fine en webinaire pour faire face avec agilité et résilience au contexte covid persistant qui nous pousse dans nos retranchements pour sauvegarder les liens humains indispensables pour une recherche en intelligence collective !Mots clefs : Ecologisation des Pratiques ; Alimentation Durable ; Agroécologie des paysages ; Santé-Environnement ; Intelligence Collective ; Transitions Ecologiques ; Agricultures urbaines ; In-ter/Transdisciplinarité ; Critères de Durabilité.Programme et informations complémentaires (certains exposés pdf, posters et films du col-loque) disponible sur le site T2021 : https://transitions2021.sciencesconf.org
By-product valorization strategies implemented by small Mediterranean olive oil farmers
No full textInternational audienc
The assessment of the education needs and gaps for the sustainable development of the EU peripheral rural areas
No full textFinal reportThe intellectual output 1 (IO1) is the starting point of the Erasmus+ project RUR’UP on “Innovative education for sustainable development in peripheral rural areas''. It summarises the findings of two tasks implemented between October 2020 and March 2021 in 7 EU Member States
Valorising olive waste and by-products in the Mediterranean region: a socio-economic perspective
No full textInternational audienc
Social capital as a determinant for raising ecosystem services awareness: an application to an Albanian pastoral ecosystem
No full textInternational audienceThis paper aims to map the ecosystem services (ES) provided by a reputed agropastoral ecosystem in the south of Albania and ascertain whether social capital affects the level of importance attributed to them. A perception analysis of both buyers and sellers of ES within the pastoral ecosystem is undertaken. The pastoral ecosystem is mainly evaluated for cultural services such as tradition, enhancing the area’s image, and environment ES. The strong inclination towards cultural ES and socioeconomic services indicates a lack of awareness of both buyers and sellers of ES in the local community regarding the environmental aspects of their ecosystem. However, participants showing a higher radius of trust with high linking social capital are more likely to confer very high importance to environmental services. Similarly, the cultural ES (traditional aspect) of the pastoral ecosystem is affected by cognitive and structural social capital. These are interesting findings for public policymaking concerning the opportunity to develop market transaction ES. Its development is more ground-based and effective if participation and civic engagement, especially the Linking dimension, is enhanced in the pastoral community
Impact of dams and climate change on suspended sediment flux to the Mekong delta
No full textInternational audienceThe livelihoods of millions of people living in the world's deltas are deeply interconnected with the sediment dynamics of these deltas. In particular a sustainable supply of fluvial sediments from upstream is critical for ensuring the fertility of delta soils and for promoting sediment deposition that can offset rising sea levels. Yet, in many large river catchments this supply of sediment is being threatened by the planned construction of large dams. In this study, we apply the INCA hydrological and sediment model to the Mekong River catchment in South East Asia. The aim is to assess the impact of several large dams (both existing and planned) on the suspended sediment fluxes of the river. We force the INCA model with a climate model to assess the interplay of changing climate and sediment trapping caused by dam construction. The results show that historical sediment flux declines are mostly caused by dams built in PR China and that sediment trapping will increase in the future due to the construction of new dams in PDR Lao and Cambodia. If all dams that are currently planned for the next two decades are built, they will induce a decline of suspended sediment flux of 50% (47–53% 90% confidence interval (90%CI)) compared to current levels (99 Mt/year at the delta apex), with potentially damaging consequences for local livelihoods and ecosystems
Productivité et efficience des systèmes agroforestiers à base d’oliviers au Maroc : cas de Moulay Driss Zerhoun
No full textInternational audienceIn Morocco, agroforestry systems based on olive trees are widespread and diverse. This work aims at characterizing their diversity and performance. To this end, 72 farmers surveys were conducted in the Moulay Driss Zerhoun region (Morocco). For each farm, agroforestry plots were compared to corresponding monocrops and pure olive orchards. Under rainfed conditions, the insertion of legumes and cereals in olive orchards is the dominant association. There are very significant differences in yields of annual crops and olive between agroforestry systems, and monocrops and pure orchards. The Land Equivalent Ratio of yields and gross margins is always greater than 1 with cereals and legumes in agroforestry. Our results suggest that agroforestry systems are more productive, profitable and land-efficient than monocrops. Therefore, agroforestry may constitute a relevant strategy for a sustainable production. Nevertheless, additional experiments are needed to better understand the productivity of these systems and their advantages and limits.Au Maroc, les systèmes agroforestiers à base d’olivier sont très répandus et diversifiés. Cetravail vise à caractériser leur diversité et leurs performances dans la région de Moulay Driss Zerhoun, auNord du Maroc. Pour ce faire, 72 enquêtes ont été réalisées auprès des agriculteurs. Pour chaqueexploitation, les systèmes agroforestiers ont été comparés à des systèmes de culture pure et à des vergersd’oliviers purs. En condition pluviale, l’insertion des légumineuses et des céréales dans les oliveraiesconstitue la pratique dominante. Il y a des différences très significatives de rendements pour les culturesannuelles et pour les oliviers entre systèmes associés d’agroforesterie, témoins en cultures annuelles pures ettémoins en verger d’olivier. LeLand Equivalent Ratio(surface équivalente assolée) des rendements et celuides marges brutes sont toujours supérieurs à 1 avec les céréales et les légumineuses en agroforesterie. Nosrésultats suggèrent que les systèmes agroforestiers sont plus productifs, rentables et efficients que lescultures pures. L’agroforesterie constituerait donc une stratégie pour une production durable, mais il faudraitd’autres expérimentations pour mieux appréhender la productivité de ces systèmes et préciser leurs atouts etleurs limites
Factors influencing innovative circular business models in the Mediterranean olive oil value chain
No full textInternational audienc
Les entreprises : vers de nouveaux modèles ?
No full textInternational audienceOù l’on découvre deux formes d’engagement des entreprises du système alimentaire : lʼéconomie sociale et solidaire (ESS) et la responsabilité sociétale des entreprises (RSE). Si ces deux mouvements se sont développés indépendamment l’un de l’autre, ils tendent aujourd’hui tous deux à contribuer à la transformation des systèmes alimentaires
Financial support program for small farmers, and its impact on local food security: evidence from Indonesia
No full textInternational audienceThis paper addresses the implementation of the Kawasan Mandiri Pangan (KMP) program, a microfinance program for farmer groups, assessing whether the program affects farmers’ decisions concerning production, marketing, and consumption or not, and its impacts on household food security along three dimensions: food availability, food access, and food utilization. Based on a qualitative and theory of change mixed-methods analysis, which uses interviews and focus group discussions (FGDs), this research sheds light on the program’s success among two groups of farmers. Both groups experienced improved productivity and increased food availability, but only one group sustained the program. The results indicate that the program has not affected the commercialization of any particular crop, where the crop’s best selling price, relationships, and commitments are factors that affect the farmers’ marketing decisions. Other findings show how food access at the household level increased when the crop’s selling price was reasonable, while food utilization was influenced predominantly by local wisdom. Taken together, the research findings highlight the importance of the capability of the management, the commitment of the members, and the supervision of the agricultural extension agents. There is a need for a locally owned enterprise to absorb agricultural products and maintain the selling price of crops, which is the primary driver of food accessibility and utilization at the household level