Portail HAL du CIHEAM Montpellier
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A systematic literature review of data envelopment analysis implementation in agriculture under the prism of sustainability
No full textInternational audienceSafeguarding natural resources and energy is essential to ensure food security for future generations. Given the increase of published papers in the agricultural field applying Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), this review seeks to address the special requirements of this methodology when implemented in the agricultural sector as well as to classify papers under sustainability aspects (economic, environmental, social). More specifically, 120 papers from Scopus and Web of Science databases were included in this review by using PRISMA methodology, and they were tested in the following groups (i) General information, (ii) DEA implementation, (iii) DEA extensions, (iv) Data type, (v) Data collection and processing, and (vi) Sustainability dimensions. Results indicate that there is a great need for weights use when performing DEA in the agricultural sector, to acquire results with greater explanatory power. Moreover, systematic data collection of multiple factors could lead to the implementation of complex methodologies, providing feasible solutions to the involved stakeholders. Lastly, the social aspect is the least represented dimension out of the three aspects of sustainability, indicating the need for the integration of social factors in such analyses, especially when DEA is used to create a policy framework in a specific area
NATAE Milestone 4: on multi-actor governance in Living Labs and the MEDAE network
No full textThis Milestone report describes the setting-up of NATAE Living Labs (LLs) and MEDAE (MEDiterranean network for AgroEcology). LL are set up in five out of six LL areas and participation in LL-activities is generally good. The sixth LL is catching up well after a delay due to administrative issues beyond the influence of NATAE consortium members. Activities implemented so far are a territorial diagnosis and a launch event for the LL
Effect of planning policies on land use dynamics and livelihood opportunities under global environmental change: evidence from the Mekong Delta
No full textInternational audienceThe Mekong Delta faces significant challenges in supplying Vietnam and its export market countries with agricultural commodities, while ensuring livelihoods and providing living space to its growing population in the context of climate change and the country’s agrarian transition. Anthropogenic factors, such as the construction of dykes to control river flooding, river sand mining, the further development of triple-cropping rice production, and infrastructure development, together with climate change impacts on sediment and water availability, are all combining to threaten agricultural production. One of the key challenges in sustainable development is the need to identify plausible future states of agricultural-based socio-ecological systems which draw upon differing strategies of land management, and to characterise the impacts of these systems on both the landscape and employment. It was hypothesised from the literature and rapid rural appraisals that each land system can only provide a certain number of jobs, which was further demonstrated using binomial regressions. We show that the odds of being employed are lower for intensive agricultural systems (OR=0.78 for triple rice; 0.91 for intensive aquaculture) than for diversified systems (OR=1.16 for rice-aquaculture; OR=1.63 for mixed fruit trees). Drawing from workshops with local and national stakeholders, we then used Earth observation and national census data in a spatial land use systems dynamic framework to simulate two alternative Mekong Delta futures based upon the climate pathway RCP 4.5 in combination with two existing policies (i) Resolution No. 124 (Specialisation) which promotes triple crop rice and aquaculture intensification and (ii) Resolution No. 639 (Diversification), which states that there should be a development of sustainable rice aquaculture and crop diversification. Based on the quantitative objectives of each policy, we estimated likely changes of services provided by land use systems if either policy were to dominate. The estimated impacts of each future scenario on the provision of employment ultimately indicate that policies with a diversification development paradigm will provide more employment (+0.9%) than policies with a specialisation paradigm (−46%), and that current policies have potentially conflicting consequences. Decisions driving towards intensive farming risk triggering rural unemployment and outmigration, potentially exacerbating urban poverty in major cities such as Can Tho and Ho Chi Minh City. On the other hand, decisions aiming at increasing diversified agricultural systems can help secure more job opportunities. Our results indicate that spatial planning policies should rely on a broad-based assessment of land system services that include employment and environmental impacts to ensure a just transition towards resilient and environmentally sustainable rural territories
The impact of overexploitation of groundwater resources on the resilience of agricultural farms in a semi-arid zone
No full textInternational audienc
Inspiring sustainable diets
No full textChapter 1International audienceInspiring sustainable diets and cultivating diets that are inspiring are the ambitious endeavours of this collection. This introductory chapter lays out a framework for sustainable diets and the complex issues, diversity of stakeholders, and diversity of levels of privilege (or the obvious, and not so obvious, ways injustices intersect with food systems) that are involved. This chapter offers a definition of sustainable diets and touches on strategies for increasing healthy food for all while preserving and rebuilding local, regional, and international food systems inspired by principles of rejuvenation, justice, vitality, and optimising resources for the betterment of all life forms, in current and future generations
Valuing ecosystem services within the territorial development approach: the ecosystem services basket in the Karaburun Peninsula, Turkey
No full textInternational audienceOur research aims to combine qualities from both of the ecosystem services (ES) and territorial development research communities. We will develop and test an operational research framework based on a new concept, the ES basket, and demonstrate the relevance of developing a non-monetary valuation approach based on multi-criteria indicators and perceptions. Our scope is to better characterise the potential valuation of agricultural ES through emblematic products. The ES basket aims at facilitating the recognition of ES through these products, and consequently collective action and the appropriation of changes towards better sustainability in agriculture. This methodological framework has been applied to a rural territory, the Karaburun Peninsula (Turkey), where ES baskets have been developed through the farming of two emblematic products, olives and narcissus. Our results may help identify the perspectives of territorial development and the supporting policies to be implemented for the valuation of ES baskets
Calls to action for sustainable diets
No full textChapter 55International audienceNothing less than a call to action can be the focus of this final chapter. This handbook has put forth profound and compelling arguments for rapid transition to sustainable diets. Inaction and excuses cannot be justified; protection of public resources for the common good is of grave importance. Framed by definitions for sustainable diets, issues of dignity, justice, right to food, and governance systems across food systems are discussed. Environmental strategies are illuminated as are approaches to health and well-being. The chapter highlights how education and public engagement, and social policies and food environment are essential. Transformations and food movements are brought to light and their importance in influencing greater shifts. Needed shifts also are underscored in economics and trade policies. Design and measurement mechanisms supplement case studies on food sovereignty. Thus, this concluding chapter provides readers with a comprehensive map of strategies that could dramatically increase sustainability and help to reverse global warming, diet-related non-communicable diseases, and oppression and racism
Linking beekeepers’ and farmers’ preferences towards pollination services in Greek kiwi systems
No full textInternational audienceThe kiwi is a highly insect-pollinated dependent crop and is the cornerstone of the Greek agricultural sector, rendering the country as the fourth biggest kiwi producer worldwide, with an expected increase in national production the following years. This extensive transformation of the Greek arable land to Kiwi monocultures in combination with a worldwide shortage of pollination services due to the wild pollinators' decline raises questions for the provision of pollination services, and consequently, for the sustainability of the sector. In many countries, this shortage of pollination services has been addressed by the installation of pollination services markets, such as those in the USA and France. Therefore, this study tries to identify the barriers towards the implementation of a pollination services market in Greek kiwi production systems by conducting two separate quantitative surveys, one for beekeepers and one for kiwi producers. The findings showed a strong basis for further collaboration between the two stakeholders, as both of them acknowledge the importance of pollination services. Moreover, the farmers' willingness to pay and the beekeepers' willingness to receive of the beekeepers regarding the renting of their hives for pollination services were examined
Disentangling the diversity of small farms’ business models in Euro‐Mediterranean contexts: a resilience perspective
No full textInternational audienceWith growing concern for the unsustainability of food systems, the international research community has turned its attention to small farms as key actors to potentially face the global food crisis. This study aims to support a policy design that values the diversity of small farms business models vis-à-vis environmental, economic, social, and institutional challenges affecting European farming systems. Building on the existing classification of five small farm types in the EU, our analysis targets the business model dynamics of small farms in four Euro-Mediterranean countries: Greece, Italy, Portugal, and Spain. For this analysis, we applied resilience thinking to the Business Model Canvas framework. This innovative conceptual framework allows us to depict the architecture of small farms business models and their role in farming systems. The diversity of small farms business models and their continuous adaptation to changing conditions allows for the identification of a strongly heterogeneous assemblage of farms that contribute to the resilience of food systems at local, regional, and multiple other scales
Green public procurement of agrifood products: a business model view
No full textInternational audienceGreen public procurement (GPP) schemes emerged as environmentally responsible public procurement systems. However, despite the increasing interest in the topic, little is known about how these schemes create value and what types that value encompasses. In the present study, concentrating on the GPP of agrifood products in France, we aim to address this question. To do so, we first developed a business model portraying three facets of value (economic, environmental, social) and their essential components. Then, exploiting data from a sample of experts, we evaluated our model. The results uncovered a relatively low capacity of GPP schemes to produce environmental value, thus questioning their “green” nature. According to the analysis, the limited environmental efficiency of agrifood production compromises the ability of GPP supply chains to deliver on their environmental promises. Nevertheless, a notable finding was that GPP schemes have a considerable – yet improvable – ability to generate economic and social value