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Circuits courts et bonnes pratiques agricoles
No full textSéminaire sous-régional ENPARD Machrek (Liban-Egypte) Note introductive. Initiative ENPARD Méditerranée (Commission Européenne)Les circuits courts alimentaires (CCA) ont spontanément émergé dans les sociétés française et européenne, comme une réponse citoyenne aux difficultés rencontrées par les producteurs et les consommateurs dans leur recherche respective d’une reconnaissance de leurs activités et d’une connaissance des produits consommés et de leur qualité. La commercialisation en circuits courts permet une émancipation des producteurs et leur participation effective au sein des processus de gouvernance locale. Néanmoins, cela suppose une amélioration des capacités des producteurs. Ce gain d’autonomie se traduit en effet par une montée de responsabilités liées à la nécessité d’assumer des fonctions jusque-là prises en charge par les intermédiaires et modifiant la conception jusqu’alors admise du métier de producteur. Les CCA sont ainsi présentés comme une innovation sociale. Les circuits courts peuvent dans ce cadre être perçus comme des espaces où les initiatives et les innovations économiques et sociales contribuent à la fois à renforcer les liens de coopération entre producteurs et acteurs d’un même espace vécu, et à renouer les liens marchands entre producteurs et consommateurs. Ils constituent ainsi de réels outils locaux participant à une reformulation des dynamiques locales via l’émergence de pratiques socio-économiques mises en oeuvre par les producteurs ainsi que par l’ensemble des partenaires locaux autour des différentes dimensions sociales, économiques, environnementales, mais également de santé publique, du développement durable
Vers un développement intégré des filières laitières locales en Méditerranée : l’exemple de LACTIMED
No full textSynthèse publique : Publication du projet européen LACTIMED (ANIMA / CIHEAM-IAMM). Public overview: Publication of the LACTIMED project (ANIMA / CIHEAM-IAMM)LACTIMED est un projet de coopération transfrontalière financé par l’Union européenne dans le cadre du programme IEVP CT MED. Son objectif est de renforcer la production et la distribution de produits laitiers typiques et innovants en Méditerranée par l’organisation des filières locales, l’accompagnement des producteurs dans leurs projets de développement et la création de nouveaux débouchés pour leurs produit
Vers un développement intégré des filières laitières locales en Méditerranée : l’exemple de LACTIMED
No full textProjet européen LACTIMEDInternational audienceLACTIMED est un projet de coopération transfrontalière financé par l’Union européenne dans le cadre du programme IEVP CT MED. Son objectif est de renforcer la production et la distribution de produits laitiers typiques et innovants en Méditerranée par l’organisation des filières locales, l’accompagnement des producteurs dans leurs projets de développement et la création de nouveaux débouchés pour leurs produits
Food security and nutrition impacts of smallholder farmer's participation in dairy value chain in Ethiopia
No full textInternational audienceWhile linking smallholder farmer to dairy value chain industry has identified as a potential pathway to get out of poverty trap by raising incomes and by increasing the availability of nutrient-dense foods in Ethiopia, much less is known about the poverty implication of smallholder participation in dairy value chain. We assess nutrition impacts of smallholder farmers' participation in the formal milk value chain with cross sectional survey data from Ethiopia. To assess smallholder farmer households' food and nutrition security outcomes, we employed multiple food access measurements such as per capita dietary energy intake, food consumption score, and household income. We use propensity score matching model to analyze impact pathways. The results show that as compared to households without participation, households with participation have higher dietary energy intake, dietary diversity, and household income. However, there is a negative association between participation in the milk value chain and level of milk consumption. We find that smallholder farmer participation in milk value chain has a positive significant effect on food sufficiency, dietary diversity and income. This study, therefore, confirms the potential role of smallholder farmers' participation in agri-food value chain to get out of poverty trap through improving rural household income, food security and nutrition
Towards a sustainable convention: values and practices in the French stone fruits’value chain
No full textIn this article, we first present the framework of the conventions theory (CT) and the sustainable criteria of the Alternative Food Networks (AFN). Then, we present our results chain’s actor by chain’s actor (processors, supermarkets, corner grocery stores and producers). We indicate their consideration for the local and organic food products and their values around these themes. Finally we discuss these results within the CT conceptual framework showing that the producers seems anchored in the industrial world while the other actors are in majority coordinated by the market world. Thus, we suggest that the levers will be different for the producers and for the other actors of the peach and apricot chains and yet some common values have to been found within the chain
Le dualisme agraire méditerranéen: disparition ou résilience de l'agriculture familiale ?
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Food wastage in Turkey: an exploratory survey on household food waste
No full textInternational audienceIncrease in food demand, mainly due to population growth and diet changes, is putting an increasing pressure on food system and food security. In this framework, food losses and wastes (FLW) together create one of the main causes of food systems unsustainability. The two differ on the fact that food losses refer to the part of food that is lost along the supply chain before reaching final consumer while food waste represents the waste of food by final consumer. This paper focuses on the role of demographic, social and economic factors affecting household behavior related to food waste (FW) and explores some factors which can play an important role in tackling food waste issue in the case of Turkey. The paper is based on an online survey with150 Turkish respondents in January-March 2015. The sample was not gender balanced since71% of them were females. About two fifths of the respondents (38%) belong to the age group 35-44 years and 62% of the sample has a high level of education (master and PhD).The fact that the majority of the respondents are employees (70% of the sample) in the big cities of Turkey shows how the pace of the metropolitan life structure affects consumer food consumption habits and orient purchases towards supermarkets. The results of the survey show that still 95% of the respondents are responsible of FW and 90% think that food waste increases during the month of Ramadan. Nevertheless, about 50% of respondents declared the willingness to throw less away and ask for better information about the negative impacts of food waste on the environment and on the economy. Preventing bread waste campaign of the Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock was launched in 2013 in order to increase consciousness of the society towards bread waste which is quite important in Turkey. Similarly, there are some other initiatives on both national and local level with the objective of informing people about the food waste, sustainable food consumption and reuse of the food through food recipes
The 2030 Agenda for sustainable development in the Mediterranean
No full textChapter 8International audienceWhile the 2030 Agenda is intended as a global framework, not much discussion has taken place yet to consider what the new Agenda could mean for a region such as the Mediterranean, given its unique features, particular challenges and fragmented political integration. Despite the progress made to achieve the MDGs in the region, several challenges remain to both ensure food security and reverse the degradation of natural resources. The waste of these resources is a serious constraint to sustainable rural and agricultural development while the loss of local knowledge associated to the environment is closely related to their depletion. This chapter outlines the main challenges faced by Mediterranean agriculture and natural resources in the framework of the 2030 Agenda towards the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), highlighting critical improvements to be made and gaps to be filled with respect to the new Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It then specifically focuses on the main regional initiatives aimed at rural and agricultural sustainability, before an in-depth discussion on what it could mean and what it would take to implement the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development in the Mediterranean at regional, national and local levels
Une lecture de la crise migratoire : l'agriculture et le développement rural comme source de résilience dans les pays du Sud et de l'Est de la Méditerranée
No full textInternational audienceL’exode rural est un phénomène global et massif de déplacement de population des campagnes vers les villes, qui exprime la recherche de conditions de vie meilleures. Les facteurs principaux concernent l’augmentation de la population rurale et la pression qui en résulte sur les ressources naturelles d’une part, la croissance de la productivité agricole qui entraîne une diminution du travail nécessaire à la production d’autre part ainsi que le développement industriel puis celui des services qui s’accompagnent d’une croissance des besoins en main d’oeuvre notamment dans les villes
Mediterra 2016 : Zero waste in the Mediterranean. Natural resources, food and knowledge
No full textInternational audienceAgriculture and food security are two major global challenges. Situated at the heart of the new Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), they raise several strategic issues for countries and international cooperation. “Produce more and better”, such is the equation to help address the challenges related to population growth, changing consumption patterns and scarcity of natural and financial production resources. In this context, the reduction of agricultural losses and food waste has become a priority. The Mediterranean region is particularly concerned by theses dynamics that affect human security, inclusive economic and social development and adaptation to climate change. The issue of waste has to be understood through the perspective of responsible management of natural resources, production and consumption of food but also the enhancement of knowledge and knowhow. Mediterra 2016 offers an integrated, innovative and prospective approach on the issues of triple waste reduction (of natural resources, food and knowledge). This new edition features a collection of shared expertise and local experiences in the edition features a collection of shared expertise and local experiences in the Mediterranean region. It provides the keys to reading and solutions for action targeting policy-makers, development operators, professionals and researchers