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Élaboration du premier indicateur des services culturels des zones humides méditerranéennes
No full textInternational audienceCet article s’inscrit dans la lignée du dernier numéro de Zones Humides Infos sur le suivi des services éducatifs et récréatifs rendus par les zones humides méditerranéennes basé sur l’étude préparatoire de neuf zones humides aménagées en Algérie, en France, au Maroc et en Tunisie. Suite à cela, l’Observatoire des zones humides méditerranéennes (OZHM), en partenariat avec l’Institut agronomique de Méditerranée de Montpellier, a développé et testé un premier indicateur d’impact sur cette question pour aider les décideurs à aménager et développer leurs zones humides
Les grandes transformations du pastoralisme méditerranéen et l'émergence de nouveaux modes de production
No full textInternational audienc
Analysis of the tomato value chain in Egypt and establishment of an action plan to increase its efficiency
No full textStudy report. ENPARD South initiative (European Commission)In the context of the activities of ENPARD II/Egypt and upon a request from the Minister of Agriculture and Land Reclamation of Egypt, it was proposed to address the issue of the agricultural value chains and ways and methods to raise their efficiency. Tomato crop was selected to be studied as an example for agricultural value chains in Egypt, due to its importance. Importance of tomato is reflected in several aspects; it is the largest crop among the vegetable crops in Egypt, accounting for 36% of the total volume of vegetable production, it is cultivated by a relatively large number of farmers, it occupies the first place with respect to vegetable consumption, it enters as raw material in tomato processing, and It is an important export crops, both in fresh form and processed. The Participatory Approach adopted in ENPARD II activities was followed. According to such approach, two workshops were organized; the first in January, 11-12, 2018 and the second in March, 14-15, 2018 with the participation of members of the Think Tank- which was formed at the beginning of ENPARDII- in addition to a group of representatives of the actors of the tomato value chain, tomato producers, cooperatives, processors, exporters, researchers and academics
Rapport final d'activités Maroc : de juillet 2015 à juin 2018
No full textNote de synthèse. Initiative ENPARD Méditerranée (Commission Européenne
Mapping for the management of diffuse pollution risks related to agricultural plant protection practices: case of the Etang de l’Or catchment area in France
No full textInternational audienceFaced with health, environmental, and socio-economic issues related to the heavy use of pesticides, diffuse phytosanitary pollution becomes a major concern shared by all the field actors. These actors, namely the farmers and territorial managers, have expressed the need to implement decision support tools for the territorial management of diffuse pollution resulting from the plant protection practices and their impacts. To meet these steadily increasing requests, a cartographic analysis approach was implemented based on GIS which allows the spatialization of the diffuse pollution impacts related to plant protection practices on the Etang de l’Or catchment area in the South of France. Risk mapping represents a support-decision tool that enables the different field actors to identify and locate vulnerable areas, so as to determine action plans and agri-environmental measures depending on the context of the natural environment. This work shows that mapping is helpful for managing risks related to the use of pesticides in agriculture by employing indicators of pressure (TFI) and risk on the applicator’s health (IRSA) and on the environment (IRTE). These indicators were designed to assess the impact of plant protection practices at various spatial scales (field, farm, etc.). The cartographic analysis of risks related to plant protection practices shows that diffuse pollution is unequally located in the North (known for its abundant garrigues and vineyards) and in the South of the Etang de l’Or catchment area (the Mauguio-Lunel agricultural plain known for its diversified cropping systems). This spatial inequity is essentially related to land use and agricultural production system. Indeed, the agricultural lands cover about 60% of the total catchment area. Consequently, this cartographic analysis helps the territorial actors with the implementation of strategies for managing risks of diffuse pollution related to pesticides use in agriculture, based on environmental and socio-economic issues and the characteristics of the natural environment
Impact assessment of climate change on farming systems in the South Mediterranean area: a Tunisian case study
No full textInternational audienceThis study considers a quantitative approach for assessing the performance of Tunisian farming systems to face climate change. It is based on the resilience concept and the calculation, with a modelling chain, of three indicators: land stock, labour stock, and income flux. Two system states, ‘‘base’’ and ‘‘climate change’’, and a time horizon of 2010–2025, are developed and compared for representative farming systems. The study shows that 55% of the farming systems were identified as being resilient to climate change. They are diversified and mostly grow cereals, vegetables, and forage crops combined with livestock, increasing their capability to mitigate climate change by reorganizing crop activities. 35% of the farms identified as being non-resilient are dominated by orchards, or cereals and orchards. They showed an important drop in farm income (-45%), mainly due to their inability to adapt their cropping systems to water stress and soil salinity. Finally, only 10% were identified as being poorly resilient farming systems. Those farms have mainly intensified cereal cropping systems based on a strategy of purchasing land to increase the surface area of profitable activities (forage and livestock). Overall, the methodology can be adapted for other dry land areas in the Mediterranean region and help experts and policy-makers to propose and test strategies for adapting to climate change
Les politiques publiques pour la protection des abeilles
No full textChapitre 21National audienceLe déclin annoncé des abeilles est le résultat de différents facteurs d'origines humaine et naturelle. Les politiques publiques agissent principalement sur deux facteurs humains : l'utilisation de produits phytosanitaires et l'état et l'évolution des habitats naturels. Ce chapitre est consacré à une discussion autour de ces politiques publiques. Aussi, pour mieux comprendre le rôle des mécanismes d'incitation, nous commencerons par les définir et les détailler. Puis nous analyserons les politiques actuelles existantes pour la protection des abeilles au niveau national et européen principalement sur l'utilisation des produits phytosanitaires et l'utilisation des sols et l'aménagement paysager
Rapport final d'activités Algérie : de juillet 2015 à juin 2018
No full textNote de synthèse. Initiative ENPARD Méditerranée (Commission Européenne
Final activities report Israel: from july 2015 to june 2018
No full textSynthesis note. ENPARD South initiative (European Commission
Final activities report Egypt: from july 2015 to june 2018
No full textSynthesis note. ENPARD South initiative (European Commission