Portail HAL du CIHEAM Montpellier
Not a member yet
1216 research outputs found
Sort by
Monitoring of recreational and educational services provided by Mediterranean wetlands: synthesis for decision-makers and managers
No full textThe indicator on recreational and educational services of Mediterranean wetlands (RES-MW), developed by the MWO and the Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Montpellier (IAMM) during the period 2011-2016, is intended to measure the human and social impacts that wetlands generate on the visitors to these ecosystems. The logic behind the indicator is that a natural capital (wetlands), when made accessible through a constructed capital (infrastructures and services provided by managers), generates an impact on human and social capitals (visitors). The study was carried out in 27 Mediterranean wetlands spread in 10 countries in different sub-regions. In each site, 150 visitors were interviewed, or 4050 persons in total, with 3717 validated questionnaires. The large majority of visitors interviewed (61%) were nationals of the countries involved in the study. The synthesis for decision-makers includes a series of recommendations to increase the positive impacts on visitors to wetland sites
Les sociétés mutuelles de services agricoles (SMSA) en Tunisie : cadre juridique et partenariat Public-SMSA
No full textRapport d'étude. Initiative ENPARD Méditerranée (Commission Européenne
Agricultural activity concept for simulating strategic agricultural production decisions: case study of weed resistance to herbicide treatments in South-West France
No full textInternational audienceIn an uncertain socio-economic and climatic context, sustainable farming is a major challenge for farmers as well as for their agricultural advisors. It is therefore essential to develop a decision support tool (DST) that is likely to be useful to establish and evaluate new production strategies, in accordance with farm sustainability and environmental protection. This paper aims, by using the Agricultural Activity concept, to put forward and test a DST based on mathematical programming used to evaluate strategic production decisions, in conjunction with farmers and agricultural advisors. In the test case, the decisions concern the crop activities and their spatio-temporal combinations in order to reduce both the use of herbicides and the risk of weed resistance to herbicides in cereal-based production systems. Moreover, the DST considers the availability of the workforce during the crop cycle to determine the periods which are likely to require the most significant increase in comparison to the current situation. One scenario showing the current situation (Sc_baseline) and two alternative scenarios have been defined to address the weed-herbicide issue. The comparison of the scenario promoting soil tillage and the introduction of spring crops with Sc_Baseline has shown that the adoption of long-term rotations, the increase in winter crop frequency and the return to deep soil tillage have contributed to an increase in farmer income, total labor and water consumption by 7, 21 and 22% respectively. However, the intensity of pesticide use and nitrate fertilization have dropped by 15% and 17% respectively. By allowing the farmer to establish specific contracts for certain crops, the average income as well as the use of pesticide and nitrate fertilization were increased by at least 10%. This situation is the result of a simplification of rotations with a predominance of winter cereals and the elimination of deep soil tillage. The analysis of these scenarios shows that the use of the DST has made it possible not only to put forward and evaluate alternatives that result in strategic decisions but also to understand, with the concept of Agricultural Activity, the biophysical and technical processes relating to farmer decisions and their impacts at field and farm level. Understanding and sharing this functional chain at farm level is expected to strengthen the farmer-advisor relationship in order to address the complex challenges of farming system sustainability
A novel approach for mapping wheat areas using high resolution Sentinel-2 images
No full text[Departement_IRSTEA]Territoires [TR1_IRSTEA]SYNERGIE [Axe_IRSTEA]TETIS-ATTOS [ADD1_IRSTEA]Adaptation des territoires au changement global [ADD2_IRSTEA]Dynamiques spatiales d'anthropisationInternational audienceGlobal wheat production reached 754.8 million tons in 2017, according to the FAO database. While wheat is considered as a staple food for many populations across the globe, mapping wheat could be an effective tool to achieve the SDG2 sustainable development goal-End Hunger and Secure Food Security. In Lebanon, this crop is supported financially, and sometimes technically, by the Lebanese government. However, there is a lack of statistical databases, at both national and regional scales, as well as critical information much needed in the subsidy and compensation system. In this context, this study proposes an innovative approach, named Simple and Effective Wheat Mapping Approach (SEWMA), to map the winter wheat areas grown in the Bekaa plain, the primary wheat production area in Lebanon, in the years of 2016 and 2017. The proposed methodology is a tree-like approach relying on the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) values of four-month period that coincides with several phenological stages of wheat (i.e., tillering, stem extension, heading, flowering and ripening). The usage of the freely available Sentinel-2 imageries, with a high spatial (10 m) and temporal (5 days) resolutions, was necessary, particularly due to the small sized and overlapped plots encountered in the study area. Concerning the wheat areas, results show that there was a decrease from 11,063 ± 1309 ha in 2016 to 7605 ± 1184 in 2017. When SEWMA was applied using 2016 ground truth data, the overall accuracy reached 87.0% on 2017 data, whereas, when implemented using 2017 ground truth data, the overall accuracy was 82.6% on 2016 data. The novelty resides in executing early classification output (up to six weeks before harvest) as well as distinguishing wheat from other winter cereal crops with similar NDVI yearly profiles (i.e., barley and triticale). SEWMA offers a simple, yet effective and budget-saving approach providing early-season classification information, very crucial to decision support systems and the Lebanese government concerning, but not limited to, food production, trade, management and agricultural financial support
Rapport final d'activités Tunisie : de juillet 2015 à juin 2018
No full textNote de synthèse. Initiative ENPARD Méditerranée (Commission Européenne
Jeu de rôles SimPhy : simulation des phytosanitaires
No full textDocument annexe au référentiel, convention INRA-AFB : Référentiel sur les outils de la recherche pour réduire les pollutions de l'eau par les pesticidesFiche de présentation du jeu de rôles SimPhy. Il est basé sur un modèle de simulation d'un système référent réel. Les acteurs sont représentés par 3 types : (i) l'Etat mettant en application les règlementations ; (ii) les agriculteurs : gestion des entreprises agricoles et des agro-systèmes ainsi que des ressources naturelles communes et (iii) les professionnels de la distribution des produits agricoles (marché local ou international). Chaque joueur doit gérer une exploitation type. 2 joueurs peuvent avoir une exploitation basée sur un même système de culture, ce qui permet d’analyser les perceptions des acteurs. SimPhy est un jeu piloté. Les joueurs sont amenés à décider des assolements et des itinéraires techniques en fonction du type d’années de pression phytosanitaire, des activités de production, et des prix du marché à partir des rendements et des impacts des phytosanitaires sur la santé humaine
The national chart on good practices in pest control and traceability of apple production in Lebanon
No full textNational Workshop ENPARD ENPARD South initiative (European Commission
Crop monitoring in Europe, North Africa and the Near-East / U.S.-China trade dispute: potential impacts on agriculture
No full textInternational audienceCe numéro met l'accent sur l'actualité chargée des marchés agricoles, notamment avec les tensions commerciales entre les Etats-Unis et la Chine. L'avancée des récoltes des céréales d'hiver dans la plupart des pays accompagne une estimation de plus en plus fine des rendements et des productions nationales et régionales. Des conditions agro-météorologiques plutôt capricieuses durant l'hiver et le printemps 2018, comme mentionnées par le Centre Commun de la Recherche de la Commission Européenne dans ses divers Bulletins MARS de suivi des cultures, ont affecté (en général de manière positive) de nombreux pays du pourtour méditerranéen
Evaluation de l’impact de l’ALECA sur la filière lait en Tunisie
No full textRapport d'étude. Initiative ENPARD Méditerranée (Commission Européenne
Évaluation de l’impact de l’ALECA sur la filière agrumes en Tunisie
No full textRapport d'étude. Initiative ENPARD Méditerranée (Commission Européenne