Portail des publications scientifiques de VetAgro Sup
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Surgical treatment of feline intracranial meningiomas: a retrospective study of 26 cases
No full text3International audienceBackground: Surgical excision is the treatment of choice for feline intracranial meningioma.Objectives: To report clinical findings, complications, and outcomes following surgery for feline intracranial meningioma.Methods: Medical records (01/2000-01/2017) of cats that underwent surgical excision of an intracranial meningioma at our institution were reviewed. Patient data included signalment, clinical signs, surgical technique, complications, histopathologic diagnosis, survival time, and owners' answers to a satisfaction questionnaire. Survival was assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test.Results: Twenty-six cats were included in this study. The exact cause of death was known in 17 cases and was not related to meningioma in 9/17 cases. Overall median survival time was 881 days (95% confidence interval 518; 1248). The age of the cat did not influence survival (p = 0.94) or the occurrence of complications (p = 0.051). Complications occurred in 13/24 cats, including dramatic complications in 4/24 cats. Most complications appeared in the first 24 hours post-surgery (12/13). Males had more postoperative complications (p = 0.042), including more seizures (p = 0.016). Cats with cranioplasty had fewer complications (p = 0.021). Clinical recurrence was confirmed in 3 out of 17 cats. Recurrence-free survival time was 826 days. Most owners (12/14) were satisfied with the outcome.Conclusions: Surgical treatment of intracranial meningioma in cats was associated with a long median survival time but also with a high rate of minor and major postoperative complications, including early postoperative seizures. Cranioplasty may reduce complications. Age at the time of surgery had no effect on outcomes
PAX3 haploinsufficiency in Maine Coon cats with dominant blue eyes and hearing loss resembling the human Waardenburg syndrome
No full text3International audienceThis study investigated the dominant blue eyes (DBE) trait linked to hearing impairment and variable white spotting in Maine Coon cats. Fifty-eight animals descending from 2 different DBE lineages, the Dutch and the Topaz lines, were sampled. They comprised 48 cats from the Dutch bloodline, including 9 green-eyed and 31 blue-eyed cats, with some individuals exhibiting signs of deafness, and 8 stillborn kittens. Samples from the Topaz lineage included 10 blue-eyed animals. A brainstem auditory evoked response test revealed a reduced to absent response to auditory stimuli and absent physiological waveforms in all of the 8 examined DBE animals. We sequenced the genome of 2 affected cats from the Dutch line and searched for variants in 19 candidate genes for the human Waardenburg syndrome and pigmentary disorders. This search yielded 9 private protein-changing candidate variants in the genes PAX3, EDN3, KIT, OCA2, SLC24A5, HERC2, and TYRP1. The genotype–phenotype cosegregation was observed for the PAX3 variant within all animals from the Dutch lineage. The mutant allele was absent from 461 control genomes and 241 additionally genotyped green-eyed Maine Coons. We considered the PAX3 variant as the most plausible candidate—a heterozygous nonsense single base pair substitution in exon 6 of PAX3 (NC_051841.1:g.205,787,310G>A, XM_019838731.3:c.937C>T, XP_019694290.1:p.Gln313*), predicted to result in a premature stop codon. PAX3 variants cause auditory–pigmentary syndrome in humans, horses, and mice. Together with the comparative data from other species, our findings strongly suggest PAX3:c.937C>T (OMIA:001688-9685) as the most likely candidate variant for the DBE, deafness, and minimal white spotting in the Maine Coon Dutch line. Finally, we propose the designation of DBERE (Rociri Elvis Dominant Blue Eyes) allele in the domestic cat
Clinical and Diagnostic Findings in Dogs Infected with Trichuris vulpis: A Retrospective Study
No full text3/2International audienceTrichuris vulpis is a parasite of the large intestine of canids and has a global distribution. Despite its well-established epidemiology, the question of its pathogenicity in dogs remains debated. It has been suggested that younger age and concurrent infection with Ancylostoma caninum may be responsible for more severe clinical presentations. This retrospective study aimed to describe the clinical and diagnostic features of T. vulpis-infected dogs and to compare these findings with dogs infected with both T. vulpis and other intestinal parasites (poly-infected dogs). Forty-five dogs were included, with twenty-five being solely infected by T. vulpis and twenty poly-infected dogs. Only weight loss was more frequent (p = 0.006) in poly-infected dogs compared to T. vulpis mono-infected dogs. No significant differences were observed in laboratory abnormalities between mono-infected and poly-infected dogs. Only diarrhea was more frequent (p = 0.007) in younger dogs compared to adults. The egg shedding pattern was significantly higher (p = 0.04) among adult dogs compared to young ones, and there was a significant positive correlation between egg shedding and age (r = 0.41; p = 0.005). These findings suggest that T. vulpis might be responsible for both clinical signs and laboratory abnormalities in dogs, irrespective of the host’s age and the presence of other intestinal parasites
Evaluation of the Surgical Pleth Index (SPI) for the monitoring of the nociception-antinociception balance in dogs undergoing castration: A prospective clinical trial
No full text3International audienceThe aim of this prospective clinical study was to evaluate the efficacy of the Surgical Pleth Index (SPI), a validated nociception monitor in human anaesthesia, in dogs. The technology uses a plethysmographic signal from a specific pulse oximetry probe to analyse pulse wave amplitudes and heartbeat intervals. Twenty-six healthy dogs anaesthetised for castration were included. SPI, invasive mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) were continuously monitored. The occurrence or resolution of a haemodynamic reaction (HDR), defined as a > 20% increase in HR and/or MAP, was assessed at predefined times: cutaneous incision, testicles' exteriorization, cutaneous suture, and fentanyl administration. Following nociceptive events, the dogs presenting a HDR showed a significant 8% and 10% increase in SPI at 3 and 5 min respectively, whereas after fentanyl administration, a 13% and 16% significant decrease in SPI were noted. Receiver operating characteristic curves analysis indicated a moderate performance for the dynamic variations of SPI over 1 min to predict a HDR (AUC: 0.68, threshold value: +15%) or its resolution after fentanyl administration (AUC of 0.72, threshold value: −15%) within 3 min. The SPI varied according to perioperative nociceptive events and analgesic treatment; however, its performance to anticipate a HDR was limited with high specificity but low sensivity. Refinement of the algorithm to specifically accommodate for the canine species may be warranted. Further studies are required to evaluate the influence of other factors on the performance of this index
Editorial: Reviews in invasive & non-invasive ventilation in veterinary medicine
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Development and validation of animal variant classification guidelines to objectively evaluate genetic variant pathogenicity in domestic animals
No full text3International audienceAssessing the pathogenicity of a disease-associated genetic variant in animals accurately is vital, both on a population and individual scale. At the population level, breeding decisions based on invalid DNA tests can lead to the incorrect inclusion or exclusion of animals and compromise the long-term health of a population, and at the level of the individual animal, lead to incorrect treatment and even life-ending decisions. Criteria to determine pathogenicity are not standardized, i.e., no guidelines for animal variants are available. Here, we aimed to develop and validate guidelines to be used by the community for Mendelian disorders in domestic animals to classify variants in categories based on standardized criteria. These so-called animal variant classification guidelines (AVCG) were based on those developed for humans by The American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG). In a direct comparison, 83% of the pathogenic variants were correctly classified with ACMG, while this increased to 92% with AVCG. We described methods to develop datasets for benchmarking the criteria and identified the most optimal in silico variant effect predictor tools. As the reproducibility was high, we classified 72 known disease-associated variants in cats and 40 other disease-associated variants in eight additional species
Computer tomography measurements of the airway and thoracic cavity do not provide support for bronchial conformation as a predisposing factor of left cranial lung lobe torsion in pugs
No full text3International audienceAbstract The objective of this retrospective clinical study was to determine if airway or thoracic cavity measurements in pugs, particularly the left cranial lung lobe, were significantly different from brachycephalic and mesocephalic control. Thoracic computed tomographic studies of 10 pugs, French bulldogs (FB), and Jack Russell Terriers (JRT) were analyzed. Thoracic height: width ratio (H:W), cross‐sectional areas of the left mainstem bronchus (CSA LMB), left cranial lung lobe bronchus (CSA LCrBr), left caudal lung lobe bronchus (CSA LCauBr), CSA LCrBr relative to length (CSA LCrBr/length) and CSA LCauBr/length were measured and adjusted to body weight (/kg). CSA LMB/kg, CSA LCauBr/length/kg, and CSA LCrBr/length /kg were smaller in pugs and FB compared with JRT ( P < .05), but no differences were found between pugs and FB. Cross‐sectional areas of left cranial lung lobe bronchus /kg and CSA LCauBr/kg were smaller in pugs than JRT ( P < .05), but no differences were found between pugs and FB or FB and JRT. No difference was found in thoracic H:W between any breeds. This demonstrated that pugs and FB had significantly narrower bronchi CSA/lengths ratios compared with JRT, but this was not limited to the LCBr. Airway measurements were not significantly different between brachycephalic breeds; therefore, the pugs’ predisposition to left cranial lung lobe torsion cannot be solely explained by narrower lower airways
Impacts of forest dynamics on chigger-borne disease risk, a Thailand case study
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Étude pilote sur l'apport de l'oxygénothérapie haut débit lors de bronchoscopie et de lavage bronchoalvéolaire chez le chien et le chat
No full textInternational audienceObjectives: To evaluate the safety and feasibility of high flow oxygen therapy (HFOT), and to record SpO 2 and desaturation episodes in dogs and cats receiving HFOT or conventional oxygen therapy (COT) during bronchoscopy ± bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL).Materials and methods: Dogs and cats undergoing bronchoscopy ± BAL between January and May 2023 were included in the study. Patients were randomly allocated to two groups: HFOT (HFOT group; two cats and four dogs) and COT (COT group; one cat and five dogs). HFOT and COT were started at the beginning of the bronchoscopy. HFOT was delivered with a gas flow rate of 1 L/kg/min at an FiO 2 of 100% and a temperature of 34°C (pediatric mode) or 37°C (adult mode). COT was delivered through the working channel of the bronchoscope at a rate of 1.5 L/min. The safety and feasibility of HFOT were assessed, and peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO 2 ) was measured by pulse oximetry every 30 s throughout the procedure.Measurements and main results: HFOT was feasible and safe in both dogs and cats with no complications reported. While there was no significant difference in the number of desaturation episodes (SpO 2 < 94%) between the two groups, none of the patients in the HFOT group experienced severe desaturation (SpO 2 < 90%). In contrast, two patients in the COT group had an SpO 2 < 90%. Mean SpO 2 was significantly higher in the HFOT group compared to the COT group at T0 (98% ± 2% vs. 94 ± 2%), T0.5 (98% ± 2% vs. 94% ± 3%) and T1 (98% ± 2% vs. 94% ± 4%). Conclusion:To the authors' knowledge, this is the largest study conducted to date using HFOT during bronchoscopy in dogs and cats. Our results suggest that HFOT is feasible and safe during bronchoscopy ± BAL. Furthermore, HFOT may reduce the risk of desaturation episodes in dogs and cats undergoing bronchoscopy and BAL.</div
nlsMicrobio: Nonlinear Regression in Predictive Microbiology
No full textData sets and nonlinear regression models dedicated to predictive microbiology