Portail des publications scientifiques de VetAgro Sup
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A 2-year exploratory study to elaborate a methodological protocol for evaluating volcanic terroir influence in Gamay wines in the French PDO Côtes d′Auvergne
No full textInternational audienceThe objective of our study is to report a methodology used to determine chemical and sensory attributes of wines that were elaborated from vineyards growing on volcanic-derived soils in the French PDO Côtes d’Auvergne. For that purpose, vineyard soils were sampled in eight different geographical locations and analyzed by their granulometry, hydric stress and multi-elemental composition. Red wines were elaborated during vintages 2020 and 2021 and chemically characterized by classical oenological parameters, anthocyanins and multi-elemental analysis by ICP-MS, and sensorially described by a panel of nineteen experienced tasters. The results show that vineyards could be differentiated into two typologies of soils: four clay-limestone soils (A) and four basaltic soils (B). B soils presented a more heterogeneous granulometry, a higher water retention and a more concentrated mineral content compared to A soils. Volcanic Gamay wines, originating from these B soils, differed by their red yellowish color, lower total acidity, lower anthocyanin contents, higher contents of sodium, lithium and strontium and stronger peppery/smoky flavors compared to non-volcanic wines originating from A soils. The sensory descriptors were discussed as a function of the chemical composition of wines and could reveal the importance of volcanic terroirs in the sensory and chemical composition of wines
Q2E - Need for veterinary care
No full textEURCAW Ruminants & Equines has published its response to a question received in relation to the need of veterinary care.
Association of prehospital vs. in-hospital intubation with mortality in hemorrhagic shock after severe trauma: a propensity-matched study
No full textInternational audienceObjective Hemorrhagic shock after severe trauma has a high mortality rate. Intubation may increase hemodynamic failure in shocked patients. Our aim was to assess the association of intubation timing with mortality and morbidity among patients with hemorrhagic shock after severe trauma. Methods This is a retrospective, multicenter study using data from the French Traumabase registry that includes severely injured trauma patients admitted to trauma centers. Patients were included if they were intubated, presented with hemorrhagic shock following severe trauma [≥four packed red blood cells (PRBCs) transfusions within the first 6 h of care], and underwent hemostasis surgery or interventional radiology procedure within 24 h of admission. Patients with severe trauma brain injury (abbreviated injury scale head ≥3) were excluded. The primary outcome was all-cause ICU mortality. Secondary outcomes were: time to hospital arrival, ICU and hospital lengths of stay, Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, prehospital norepinephrine use, and number of PRBCs transfusions within the first 24 h. Patients were categorized by intubation timing (prehospital intubation vs. in-hospital intubation) and matched by propensity score based on variables associated with the occurrence of prehospital intubation. Results Among the 840 patients included [mean age 41 (±18), 646 (74%) male], 455 (54%) had road traffic accidents, 153 (18%) falls, and 189 (23%) penetrating trauma. The median Injury Severity Score was 22 (16–34). After propensity score matching, 454 patients (227/group) were analyzed. Twenty-three patients (10%) died in the ICU in the prehospital intubation group vs. 18 (7.9%) in in-hospital intubation group [OR 1.28, 95% CI (0.69–2.37)]. Concerning secondary outcomes, prehospital intubation was associated with a higher need for norepinephrine support [130 (57%) vs. 83 (37%); OR 2.47, 95% CI (1.64–3.72)] and a longer time to hospital arrival [median within-pair absolute difference: 15 min; 95% CI (5–27)]. There was no significant difference for other secondary outcomes. Conclusion In this cohort of patients with hemorrhagic shock after severe trauma, prehospital intubation was not associated with a change in ICU-mortality
Tracking Aeromonas caviae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a mixed-use catchment with source attribution, health hazards, and microbial mixing assessments
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Ex-vivo biomechanical quasi-static and cyclic loading tests of new implant fixation system for intra-articular cranial cruciate ligament repair in canine cadaver models
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Efficacy and safety of afoxolaner (NexGard®) in a collection of captive-bred lizards for the treatment and control of mite infestation
No full textInternational audienceLizards and other reptiles are increasingly gaining popularity as pets worldwide. These animals may be commonly parasitized by species of mites such as Ophionyssus natricis, which are deleterious, also because of their role as vectors of pathogens, including zoonotic ones. Treatment options are limited and may not be completely resolutive or safe. The aim of the present study was to assess the efficacy of afoxolaner (NexGard®; Boehringer Ingelheim, Germany) in a collection of mite-infested captive-bred lizards that were housed in mixed enclosures with other reptile classes, in a zoological park located in southern Italy. Lizards were clinically examined and weighed, and mite infestations were assessed on the animals and in their enclosures (environment). All animals were treated with a dose of 2.5 mg afoxolaner per kilogram body weight (2.5 mg/kg) administered orally. All animals were examined pre-treatment (T0) and at various time points post-treatment (T1, 24 h; T2, 14 days; T3, 28 days). The collected mites were morphologically identified at the species level and the species identity also confirmed molecularly and phylogenetically. Animals were morpho-molecularly screened for hemoparasites, endoparasites and vector-borne pathogens. Overall, 28 lizards were screened, and Leishmania infantum was detected in a Sudan plated lizard. Moreover, 6 (21.4 %) lizards had at least one mite. Mites were identified as O. natricis and Pterygosoma inermis infesting Indonesian blue-tongued skinks and Roughtail rock agamas, respectively. No mites were found on hosts after T1, and at T3 mites no mites were observed in the environment. No side effects were observed in the treated lizards. A single oral administration of afoxolaner at 2.5 mg/kg was a safe treatment in lizards and 100 % effective for the treatment and prevention of common mite species infestations.</div
Intérêt de la courbe de progestéronémie: Doser la progestérone permet de réaliser un suivi reproducteur plus précis. Connaître la date d'ovulation permet de déterminer la date de mise bas.
No full textNational audienceLa progestérone est une hormone très robuste mais pas si facile à doser. Son dosage nécessite une machine fiable et une rigueur dans la façon de préparer le prélèvement (même type de tubes...). La progestéronémie a de nombreuses indications pratiques mais son interprétation demande à l'utilisateur de bien connaître le déroulement du cycle de la chienne et son automate
Dossier : Pâturage, faune sauvage et maladies infectieuses : idées reçues et réalités
No full textAttention, la liste des auteurs est incomplète et mal orthographiée à l'origine : merci de compléter et corriger la liste : Grégoire KUNTZ, Ariane PAYNE, Caroline MARÉCHAL, Sophie BOUQUIN-LENEVEU, Loic PALUMBO, Béatrice GRASLAND, Angela SROUR, Axelle SCOIZEC, Elsa JOURDAIN, Thibaut LURIER, Renée CRÉMOUX, Elodie ROUSSET, Karine CHALVET-MONFRAY, Magalie RENE-MARTELLET, Alexis PEUTOT, Florence AYRAL, Loic PALUMBO, Stépahnie DESVAUX, GALARD Eva FAURE, Stephan ZIENTARA, Corinne SAILLEAU, Emmanuel BREARD, Anouk DECORS, Emmanuelle GILLOT FROMONT, Céline RICHOMME, Edouard REVEILLAUD, Guy JONCOUR, Luca FREDDI, Benoît GASSILLOUD, Olivier GORGÉ, Claire PONSARTNational audienceRuminant grazing raises many questions about the health risks associated with wildlife, ticks and husbandry practices.Through a series of questions and answers, this article reviews current knowledge on the transmission of infectious diseases such as Q fever, bovine tuberculosis, leptospirosis and brucellosis. It helps to distinguish proven risks from preconceived ideas, so that field practices can be better adapted.La mise au pâturage des ruminants soulève de nombreuses interrogations sur les risques sanitaires liés à la faune sauvage, aux tiques ou encore aux pratiques d’ élevage. À travers une série de questions-réponses, cet article fait le point sur les connaissances actuelles concernant la transmission de maladies infectieuses comme la fièvre Q, la tuberculose bovine, la leptospirose ou la brucellose. Il permet de distinguer les risques avérés des idées reçues, pour mieux adapter les pratiques de terrain
Data fusion of HS-SPME-GCMS, NIRS, and fluorescence, using chemometrics, has the potential to explore the geographical origin of gentian rhizomes
No full textInternational audienceGentiana lutea rhizomes are known for their bitter tasting properties conferred by its unique biochemical content. They are currently of interest in phytotherapy, animal nutrition, food processing, cosmetic applications and agroecology. In this study, a NIRS, fluorescence and HS-SPME-GCMS dataset of 55 rhizomes from four different French mountains (Alpes, Jura, Massif Central and Pyrénées) was collected with the aim of assessing the variability of Gentiana lutea composition at different scales. The feasibility of data fusion strategies was demonstrated to be effective in distinguishing the geographical origin of Gentiana lutea roots over a wide area. The results suggest that data fusion methods have the potential to be more effective in the quality of separation of studied sites of Gentiana lutea roots than individual decisions obtained from individual analytical tools. However, to guarantee the geographical origin of Gentiana lutea roots within a single massif using these techniques, environmental factors must be considered
Oncogenic Stress is a Novel Immunogenic Signal Driven by the Unfolded Protein Response and Detected by Neutrophils
No full textABSTRACT Cellular transformation is initiated by a driver mutation, resulting in the abnormal expression of an oncogene or the loss of a tumor suppressor gene in a normal cell. This event leads to oncogenic stress (OS), describing a disruption of cellular homeostasis which activates stress response pathways and transcriptomic programs that can either promote tumor development or trigger intrinsic safeguards such as senescence or apoptosis. While the immunogenicity of senescent cells is well established, the immunogenic potential of cells at the early OS stage and the mechanisms by which they are sensed by the immune system remain unknown. We developed an original in vitro OS model using primary human mammary epithelial cells to investigate this process. Our results show that OS cells display an immunoactive secretome associated with OS (SOS), as well as immunogenic membrane ligands. Intrinsically, OS cells activate the PERK and IRE1 branches of the unfolded protein response (UPR) that regulate their immunogenic features. Extrinsically, we demonstrated that neutrophils can detect OS-induced immunogenic signals, leading to their recruitment and their activation in co-culture in vitro . We validated this observation in two spontaneous murine models of breast cancer, where the earliest preneoplastic stages exhibit both UPR activation in epithelial cells and neutrophil infiltration. Altogether, our work identifies OS as the first immunogenic event in carcinogenesis and neutrophils as the first immune cell involved in immunosurveillance, paving the way for potential therapeutic approaches intercepting early steps of tumorigenesis