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Look up! Cinq propositions de recherche pour repenser le marketing dans une société post-croissance
No full textInternational audienceBy focusing on the capacity of marketing to contribute to climate change, biodiversity loss, and strains on natural resources, this article addresses a fundamental concern. Despite the urgency and significance of these issues, the discipline, indeed, lags in recognizing that human activities have geological-scale consequences, to the extent that a new era, the Anthropocene, is being evoked. This reluctance can be attributed, at least in part, to the implicit assumptions of sustainable marketing, which tend to downplay the extent of the crisis and the necessary paradigm shifts. Hence, dominant approaches in “sustainable marketing” struggle to challenge the fundamental principles and ideological foundations of the market system. That is why we are advocating for radical changes in marketing research to envision a truly sustainable future. We put forth five research proposals with the aim of instigating profound transformations in the field
Vicarious Coding : Breaching Computational Opacity in the Digital Era
No full textInternational audience"Digital representations are ubiquitous in the workplace. Screen displays, forecasts, simulations, indicators, multi-dimensional models, figures, and images are increasingly central to work of all kinds. Representations are simultaneously transparent and opaque. They contain and reveal information about the organization. At the same time, they conceal the computational work used to convert data about the physical world into abstract depictions. Computational opacity is consequential when representations become misaligned with the physical world they depict. We examine how computational opacity can be breached, allowing non-programmers to repair misalignments between representations and the physical world. Drawing on an ethnography of a machine-shop floor, we show how operators develop practical computational literacy skills—the capacity to visualize and talk about physical objects and processes independent of them; to translate this noncomputational thinking and talking into computational symbols, syntax, structure, and assumptions; and to create computational solutions. We show how operators develop this skill vicariously, observing programmers as they solve problems. We contribute to understanding how, in an increasingly digitized workplace, those without programming capacities may decrease their dependence on programmers and increase their capacity to create and alter representations of the physical world."<br/
Is boredom at work bad for your health?: Examining the links between job boredom and autonomic nervous system dysfunction
No full textInternational audienceJob boredom refers to an unpleasant state of passiveness at work that has been found to negatively relate to self-reported health. To date, however, the relation between job boredom and physiological indicators of health has not been examined. The present study investigates whether job boredom relates to dysfunction in autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity as indicated by reduced heart rate variability (HRV) during night sleep. The sample of this study consisted of Finnish public sector workers (n = 125). Job boredom was assessed with an electronic questionnaire and HRV with an ambulatory monitoring period of two nights of sleep. The results supported the hypothesis by showing a negative relation between job boredom and HRV, after controlling for demographic and lifestyle factors. The findings extend previous knowledge on the detrimental consequences of job boredom by showing that it is related to dysfunction in ANS activity. Consequently, it is important to acknowledge boredom at work as a threat to occupational health and well-being and pay more attention to how it can be prevented at workplaces
The other side of the coin : An integrative review connecting pay and health
No full textInternational audienceThe organizational sciences have long been interested in the effects of various compensation strategies, and on enhancing employee health. Research examining the connection between pay and health, however, remains a relative rarity. The work that has been done is scattered across disparate disciplines and lacks a unified framework for systematically exploring the effects of pay on health. We argue that greater insecurity at work, as well as rising discontent over wages and work conditions, necessitates a richer understanding of the ways in which organizational pay affects employee psychological, physiological, and behavioral health. We first conduct a comprehensive review of existing research across a broad range of disciplines, taking note of the different ways that pay is conceptualized and the impact it has on employee health. We identify critical knowledge gaps in why and when pay is related to health, noting several disciplinary trends. Drawing on prominent theories of occupational health, we then build a theoretical framework that illustrates three mechanisms underlying the effect of pay on health. We further advance prior work by integrating allostatic load theory to explain how pay gets “under the skin” to affect health, while also identifying relevant moderators and boundary conditions. Taken together, our review integrates findings from a variety of disciplines and facilitates knowledge building across these fields to generate a more comprehensive understanding of the connection between pay and health. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)<br /
Disease Topic Modeling of Users' Inquiry Texts : A Text Mining-Based PQDR-LDA Model for Analyzing the Online Medical Records
No full textInternational audience"Disease information mining is one of the critical factors affecting users' perception of the disease and has attracted extensive attention from the information management community in recent years. If the mined disease information is incompatible with the disease information perceived by the user, it will eventually lead to the loss of users from the online medical consultation platform, degrading its operation and management. Using existing models to mine disease information leads to significant errors when users perceive the disease. Therefore, this research extends the latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) and Twitter-LDA models to propose an intelligent topic model, PQDR-LDA. Compared with the Twitter-LDA model, the proposed model has a smaller perplexity value, stronger generalization ability, greater coherence value, lower correlation between topics, and stronger ability in extracting the disease information. It is found that the accuracy of disease diagnosis is very low, and the user's need for perceiving the disease will be reduced while using the traditional model to mine only the text of user questions on an online medical consultation platform. The accuracy of disease diagnosis does not decrease while only mining the doctor's reply text. Disease information that is more suitable for the consultation text can be obtained, which in fact cannot meet the user's real appeal for health, and reduces the users’ needs in perceiving the disease. These findings have important management implications for the platform's operation and decision-making. Besides, users will ask questions in more medical texts simultaneously, which makes things more complicated. Unique management insights are obtained based on the disease information mining of user consultation texts through multiple consultation texts and multiple doctor replies."<br/
How consumer-initiated platforms shape family and consumption
No full textInternational audienceResearch has recently highlighted processes of platformization through which consumer activities are shaped by socio-technical features of digital environments. Prior theorizations have focused on corporate-initiated platform dynamics and affordances, emphasizing either the managerial facets of platformization or how consumers use and interact with these platforms. Our interpretive research on Familyship.org offers a contrasting case and theorizes how ordinary consumers, thwarted by social and legal constraints in their desires to create families, leverage platformization for family creation and consumption. Our findings conceptualize consumer-initiated platforms and show how their key affordances—embeddedness, privacy, modularization, and scaling—shape one of the most sacred spheres of life, the institution of family. Our study contributes by theorizing how consumer-initiated platform affordances differ from dominant corporate-initiated ones and why the differences matter. We discuss how they can help consumers to find solutions to acute consumption problems and to reimagine dominant cultural institutions.<br/
Entrepreneurs on their financial literacy : Evidence from the Netherlands
No full textInternational audienceUsing a representative survey of Dutch entrepreneurs and self-employed individuals, (i) we measure their subjective financial knowledge and the extent to which they ask for advice when managing their companies, and (ii) we examine whether subjective financial knowledge and the demand for advice are related to the firm economic performance. We find that the respondents feel more comfortable with accounting subjects than they do with strategic ones, of which they feel that they know the least. Entrepreneurs with a greater extent of financial knowledge are more likely to report a higher gross margin and higher revenue growth for their firm. These entrepreneurs are also less likely to seek advice and to delegate financial decisions. Seeking professional advice does not increase the likelihood of an entrepreneur having better performance. Our results suggest that entrepreneurs’ degree of financial knowledge is related to the success of their businesses, while seeking advice is not significantly correlated with better firm performance.<br /
A New Understanding of the Role of Self-oriented Motivations in the Creation of Social Enterprises
No full textInternational audienceDrawing on two long-term ethnographic fieldworks with social entrepreneurs, this article starts to uncover the multilayered nature of the motivations underlying the creation of social enterprises. We investigate the following research question: what types of self-oriented motivations might drive social entrepreneurs? Departing from previous research and popular opinion, which foregrounds the primacy of prosocial intentions, we show the critical role played by self-oriented motives. To explain this finding, we advance three analytical categories of self-oriented motives—entrepreneurial lifestyle, repurposing expertise, and solving a social or environmental puzzle. We then illuminate these categories through the illustrative examples of six social entrepreneurs. Based on our findings, we contend that creating a social enterprise can also be the unintended consequence of adopting entrepreneurial behavior, leading to the creation of a venture guided by these three types of self-oriented motivations. Finally, we consider the implications of this study for the field of social entrepreneurship.<br /
Metacognition biases information seeking in assessing ambiguous news
No full textInternational audienceAbstract How do we assess the veracity of ambiguous news, and does metacognition guide our decisions to seek further information? In a controlled experiment, participants evaluated the veracity of ambiguous news and decided whether to seek extra information. Confidence in their veracity judgments did not predict accuracy, showing limited metacognitive ability when facing ambiguous news. Despite this, confidence in one’s judgment was the primary driver of the demand for additional information about the news. Lower confidence predicted a stronger desire for extra information, regardless of the veracity judgment. Two key news characteristics led individuals to confidently misinterpret both true and fake news. News imprecision and news tendency to polarize opinions increased the likelihood of misjudgment, highlighting individuals’ vulnerability to ambiguity. Structural equation modeling revealed that the demand for disambiguating information, driven by uncalibrated metacognition, became increasingly ineffective as individuals are drawn in by the ambiguity of the news. Our results underscore the importance of metacognitive abilities in mediating the relationship between assessing ambiguous information and the decision to seek or avoid more information
Decentralised Autonomous Organization (DAO) : A Revolution of Trust in Digital Networks?
No full textThe paper studies DAOs (Decentralized Autonomous Organizations), which are based on blockchain technology, emphasizing that they rely on a complex, multi-level trust framework that extends beyond purely technological trust. We define DAOs as digital blockchain-based organizations powered by open virtual networks of contributors. Their coordination and management are decentralized, without any central control. This structure allows peers to work autonomously on a token-based system of on-chain coordination, where rules are self-executed using smart-contracts and off-chain coordination mechanisms. The study of DAOs reveals the emergence of a particular form of trust, "trust in code". Our contribution is threefold: First, we provide an empirical study of Uniswap DAO, the largest decentralized finance network. Secondly, we demonstrate that a complementarity exists in the notion of trust production in such networks, which includes trust in technology, but also personal trust developed outside the blockchain. Finally, the study of this particular network, combining multi-level trust, leads us to explore approaches in terms of social capital. Our description of the Uniswap network suggests that it both requires and enables the accumulation of social capital, in its relational, structural, and cognitive dimensions