Recherche académique à emlyon business school
Not a member yet
3264 research outputs found
Sort by
Emotional Energy : When Customer Interactions Energize Service Employees
No full textInternational audienceExisting literature suggests that employees who regularly interact with customers often find this central aspect of their work emotionally draining. Our findings provide a striking contrast by highlighting customer interactions that are not only pleasurable but that also manage to emotionally regenerate frontline service employees. Our ethnographic research demonstrates that several factors influence emotional energy in service interactions, including staff copresence with customers, mutual focus, shared mood, and barriers to outsiders. In addition, service employees’ experience of autonomy and status in interactions plays an important role in influencing their emotional energy. Based on these insights, we design a framework for service organizations to manage a crucial asset: the emotional energy of frontline service employees.<br /
Inégalités spatiales urbaines et marché du travail
No full textThis thesis lies at the crossroads of the housing and the labor markets. The aim is to better understand the inequalities that result from the interaction between the two. The central argument is that location matters, in particular for employment prospects. This idea runs through the three chapters, which progressively shift the focus from the micro level of neighborhoods to broader geographic differences between cities. A particular attention is also given to housing costs in relation to the affordable housing issue.The first chapter aims at understanding whether neighborhoods, and in particular interaction with neighbors, can shape the job search behaviors of unemployed individuals. To do so, micro-level data from the French Labor Force Survey is used to define job search behaviors alongside two dimensions (intensity and channels used), and to identify two nested level of neighborhoods. A method à la Bayer et al. (2008) is used to face the non-random sorting of individuals across neighborhoods. To tackle the reflection issue, Lee (2007)'s strategy is implemented. The findings provide evidence of patterns interpreted as imitation effects in job search behaviors, particularly regarding the use of personal and professional networks. The more unemployed neighbors search through networks, the more unemployed individuals do so. Being surrounded by neighbors with strong labor market connections also matters. This suggests that local social interaction effects in job search could amplify labor market inequalities across neighborhoods.The second chapter focuses on the question of wage compensation for housing costs. When housing costs rise with city size, wages should do the same in order to compensate for this. Yet, the relationship is not so simple, and may vary across skills. The objective is thus to provide a robust measure of the relative compensation for housing costs between skill levels across cities, and its evolution over 2012-2020, in France. A specific method is proposed to build a composite housing cost index comprising the three segments of the French housing market. Recent developments in the urban wage premia literature are also used to build local skill wage indexes. The results outline two distinct periods: (i) a first 2012-2015 period in which both skill levels receive similar compensation; (ii) a second period, from 2016 onward, in which housing costs rise and high-skilled are more compensated. This chapter thus contributes to a better understanding of the affordable housing issue in France by shedding light on a specific dimension: the unequal compensation for housing costs across skill levels.The third chapter focuses on the consequences of high housing costs on labor market disparities between high-skilled and low-skilled workers. It builds on the results of the second chapter as well as on several other empirical observations that suggest that low-skilled may be more affected than high-skilled by high housing costs. A between-city analysis that compares labor market outcomes gaps between skills across cities is implemented. It makes use of an extensive employer-employee matched dataset along with a two-step approach à la Combes et al. (2008) to build labor market measures. To treat the endogeneity between the housing and the labor market a 2SLS strategy making use of the inverse housing supply elasiticies computed by Chapelle et al. (2023) is also implemented. The results underline that higher housing costs increase the gap in securing long-term contract between skill levels. This effect is mainly driven by low-skilled women, and strengthens with age. No significant effects are found for promotion probabilities.Cette thèse se situe à l’intersection des marchés du logement et du travail. Elle vise à mieux comprendre les inégalités résultant de leur interaction. L’argument central est que la localisation compte, en particulier pour l’emploi. Cette idée traverse les trois chapitres, qui déplacent progressivement le regard de l’échelle micro des quartiers vers les différences géographiques plus larges entre les villes. Une attention particulière est également accordée aux coûts du logement, dans le cadre du problème du logement abordable. Le premier chapitre cherche à souligner l’influence des quartiers sur les comportements de recherche d’emploi des chômeurs. Des données microéconomiques sont mobilisées afin de définir les comportements de recherche selon deux dimensions (l’intensité et les canaux utilisés), et d'identifier deux niveaux imbriqués de quartiers. Une méthode à la Bayer et al. (2008) est utilisée pour traiter le tri non aléatoire des individus entre les quartiers. Pour faire face au problème de réflexion, la stratégie de Lee (2007) est mise en œuvre. Les résultats mettent en évidence des effets d’imitation ou de diffusion de l’information, notamment pour la recherche via les réseaux. Être entouré de voisins disposant de connexions solides sur le marché du travail joue également. Ces résultats suggèrent que l'existence d'effets d’interactions sociales dans la recherche d’emploi pourrait accentuer les inégalités de chômage entre quartiers. Le deuxième chapitre s’intéresse à la question de la compensation salariale des coûts du logement. Lorsque les coûts du logement augmentent avec la taille des villes, les salaires devraient suivre cette hausse pour compenser. La relation semble pourtant plus complexe, et pourrait varier selon le niveau de qualification. L’objectif est donc de proposer une mesure robuste de la compensation relative des coûts du logement entre niveaux de qualification entre villes, et de son évolution sur la période 2012-2020 en France. Un indice composite des coûts du logement prenant en compte les trois segments du marché du logement français est construit. Les développements récents de la littérature sur les urban wage premia sont également mobilisés pour construire des indices de salaire locaux par niveau de qualification. Les résultats mettent en évidence deux périodes distinctes : (i) une première, de 2012 à 2015, durant laquelle les deux niveaux de qualification bénéficient d’une compensation similaire ; (ii) une seconde période, à partir de 2016, durant laquelle les coûts du logement augmentent et les plus qualifiés sont davantage compensés. Ce chapitre met ainsi en lumière une dimension spécifique du problème de logement abordable en France : l’inégale compensation des coûts du logement selon le niveau de qualification. Le troisième chapitre examine les conséquences des coûts du logement élevés sur les disparités de résultats liés marché du travail entre qualifiés et peu qualifiés. Il s’appuie sur le précédent chapitre ainsi que sur plusieurs observations empiriques suggérant que les travailleurs peu qualifiés sont plus affectés que les plus qualifiés par le niveau élevé des coûts du logement. Une analyse inter-villes est menée. Elle mobilise une base de données appariée employeurs-employés de grande taille ainsi qu’une approche en deux étapes à la Combes et al. (2008) pour construire des indicateurs liés au marché du travail. Pour traiter l’endogénéité entre le marché du logement et celui du travail, une stratégie par variables instrumentales (2SLS) est mise en œuvre. Elle s'appuie sur les élasticités inverses d’offre de logement calculées par Chapelle et al. (2023). Les résultats montrent que les coûts du logement plus élevés creusent l’écart d’accès à un contrat à durée indéterminée entre les niveaux de qualification. Cet effet est principalement porté par les femmes peu qualifiées, et s’accentue avec l’âge. Aucun effet significatif n’est observé sur les probabilités de promotion
Rational bubbles in portfolios with fundamental value
No full textInternational audienceIn this paper, we provide a framework in which a stationary bubble can exist on a portfolio of dividend-yielding assets. Consistent with standard asset pricing theory, this portfolio bubble is defined as the difference between the portfolio market price and the present value of its future dividend stream. This bubble can coexist with a positive stationary fundamental value, without requiring the collapse of the latter over time. This result is obtained in an exchange overlapping generations economy featuring both newly issued and pre-existing financial assets that depreciate over time, and jointly constitute the asset portfolio. The introduction of new assets in each period decouples the return on bubbles from the effective discount rate applied to dividends. As a result, stationary equilibria can exist with both a positive bubble and a positive fundamental component in the portfolio value. Finally, our framework also allows us to discuss the role of the substitutability between financial assets on the level of bubbles and fundamental values
Orchestrer la mise en œuvre de la blockchain dans les supply chains : Vers une clarification du concept de consortium
No full textNational audienceBlockchain consortia represent a collaborative association where several organizations come together to jointly initiate, implement and exploit blockchain technology. Blockchain consortia offer players a hybrid model that combines elements of collective governance and limited control. This raises the question of how players organize themselves into blockchain consortia. The aim of this article is to define and characterize blockchain consortia, understand their governance framework and identify the motivations associated with consortium organization. We propose a literature review of the various frameworks for analyzing blockchain consortia and their governance to better understand the foundations, challenges and evolutionary prospects of these modes of organization.Les consortiums blockchain représentent une association collaborative où plusieurs organisations se regroupent pour initier, mettre en œuvre et exploiter la technologie blockchain de manière conjointe. Les consortiums blockchain offrent aux acteurs un modèle hybride qui combine des éléments de gouvernance collective et de contrôle restreint. Se pose alors la question de comprendre comment les acteurs s’organisent en consortium blockchain. L’objectif de cet article est de définir et de caractériser les consortiums blockchain, de comprendre leur cadre de gouvernance et d’identifier les motivations associées à l’organisation en consortium. Nous proposons une revue de la littérature des différents cadres d’analyse des consortiums blockchain et de leur gouvernance pour mieux comprendre les fondements, les enjeux et les perspectives d’évolution de ces modes d’organisation
Élection présidentielle 2022 : autres modes de scrutin, autres résultats ?
No full textInternational audienceA survey using data representative of the French electorate, carried out as part of the 2022 Voter Autrement operation, enables us to imagine what the outcome of the French presidential election would have been if the voting system had been different. A second survey, this time in situ and non-representative, comes to the same conclusion: the winner would have been the same, whether the voting method was the current one, approval voting, evaluation voting or majority judgment. Beyond this, our analyses lead to two new results. Firstly, our representative data show that the ranking of candidates remains fairly stable between the official vote and two of the multi-nominal votes tested. This convergence, which clearly breaks with the results usually observed in this type of experiment conducted in France since 2002, testifies to the evolution of French voters’ perception of the candidates. On the other hand, we highlight the risk of strong discontinuities in the electoral results calculated with majority judgment.Une enquête sur données représentatives de la population des électeurs français menée dans le cadre de l’opération Voter Autrement 2022 permet d’imaginer quelle aurait été l’issue de l’élection présidentielle française si le mode de scrutin avait été différent. Une deuxième enquête, cette fois in situ et non représentative, aboutit à la même conclusion : le gagnant aurait été le même, que le mode de scrutin soit le mode de scrutin actuel, le vote par approbation, le vote par évaluation ou le jugement majoritaire. Au-delà, nos analyses conduisent à deux résultats nouveaux. D’une part, nos données représentatives permettent de montrer que le classement des candidats reste assez stable entre le vote officiel et deux des votes multi-nominaux testés. Cette convergence, qui rompt nettement avec les résultats habituellement observés dans le cadre de ce type d’expérimentations menées en France depuis 2002, témoigne de l’évolution de la perception des candidats par les votants français. D’autre part, nous mettons en évidence le risque de fortes discontinuités des résultats électoraux calculés avec le jugement majoritaire
Does urbanization cause crime? Evidence from rural–urban migration in South Africa
No full textInternational audienc
Vers la fin de l'autonomie des collectivités territoriales en France ?
No full textInternational audienceOver the past twenty years, the French local tax system has undergone many transformations: the abolition of certain taxes (the business tax - "taxe professionnelle"- in 2010 and more recently the housing tax and the value-added contribution for companies), radical changes in tax bases, changes in the allocation of tax revenues between beneficiary communities, and the increase of exemption measures that regularly erode the basket of local resources. Gradually, the model of local taxation is fading away in favour of a national tax system
AI lovers, friends and partners : Consumer imagination work in AI humanization
No full textInternational audienceExisting research on family and companionship primarily explores human-to-human relational bonds. Our research tells a different story. This study investigates the imaginative processes through which consumers form emotionally meaningful relationships with AI companions. Drawing on user reviews, online community observation, and autoethnography, we introduce the concept of consumer imagination work – a process in which consumers envision human-like characteristics in AI, establish relationships based on assigned roles, and bring these ideas to life through creative and social activities such as personalization, storytelling, and community collaboration. Guided by cultural-historical activity theory, our findings highlight the active, creative and collaborative role of consumers in shaping these relationships. We illustrate how consumer imagination contributes to the formation of emotionally significant human-AI bonds through individual creativity and collective digital imaginaries, offering new insights into the humanization of AI and its broader implications for consumer–brand interactions and technology-mediated relationships.<br /
Beyond Overconfidence: Exploring the Role of Confidence Sensitivity and Meta-Confidence in Career Choices
No full textThis paper experimentally investigates the role of confidence sensitivity and meta-confidence in career-related decision-making. While the effects of overconfidence on economic outcomes are well-documented, the implications of confidence sensitivity -the ability to distinguish between one's successes and failures -have been largely overlooked. Yet, in various contexts, a lack of sensitivity could be just as detrimental as overconfidence, particularly when it hinders individuals from accurately assessing their strengths and weaknesses before making critical career choices. Moreover, recent research in cognitive psychology suggests that individuals can form informative beliefs about their own confidence sensitivity, but whether such "meta-confidence" influences their behavior remains an open question. To address these questions, we design an experiment that measures participants' confidence sensitivity and meta-confidence in a setting where they perform a task and choose between a competitive or non-competitive compensation scheme. Additionally, some participants are given the option to seek performance feedback before making their decision. Our results show that confidence sensitivity significantly improves the quality of compensation scheme decisions, while low meta-confidence is associated with increased feedback-seeking behavior prior to the compensation decision. We provide causal evidence for this latter finding: a treatment condition designed to reduce meta-confidence led to an increased willingness to seek feedback. Overall, this paper highlights the richness of individuals' beliefs about their abilities and demonstrates how integrating insights from cognitive psychology can offer new perspectives on economic decision-making.</div
Voter Autrement 2012 - Dataset of the In Situ Experiments: In April 2012, a voting experiment was conducted during the French presidential election. During this experiment, participants were asked to test alternative voting methods to elect the French president, more precisely approval voting and evaluative voting. The experiment took place in situ in polling stations during the first round of the presidential election (using paper ballots). A total of 2 340 participants took part in this experiment. This paper provides a description of the dataset.
No full textIn April 2012, a voting experiment was conducted during the French presidential election. During this experiment, participants were asked to test alternative voting methods to elect the French president, more precisely approval voting and evaluative voting. The experiment took place in situ in polling stations during the first round of the presidential election (using paper ballots). A total of 2 340 participants took part in this experiment. This paper provides a description of the dataset.In April 2012, a voting experiment was conducted during the French presidential election. During this experiment, participants were asked to test alternative voting methods to elect the French president, more precisely approval voting and evaluative voting. The experiment took place in situ in polling stations during the first round of the presidential election (using paper ballots). A total of 2 340 participants took part in this experiment. This paper provides a description of the dataset.En avril 2012, une expérience de vote a été menée pendant l'élection présidentielle française. Les participants ont été invités à tester des méthodes de vote alternatives pour l'élection du président de la République. Ils ont notamment pu tester le vote d'approbation et le vote évaluatif. L'expérience s'est déroulée in situ à l'intérieur des bureaux de vote, lors du premier tour de l'élection présidentielle. Au total, 2 340 participants ont pris part à cette expérience. Ce document fournit une description de l'ensemble de données