Portail HAL de l’Université Claude Bernard Lyon
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Introducing community pharmacy students to motivational interviewing to support patient behavior change
No full textInternational audienceBackground: Motivational Interviewing (MI) is a collaborative communication technique that aims to strengthen patient's motivation and commitment to behavior change. However, MI remains insufficiently integrated into pharmacy curricula in France.Aim: To assess the educational value of introducing MI to fifth-year community pharmacy students to MI and assess their satisfaction with the course.Methods: The course, using a hybrid learning approach, was organized around three components: self-directed learning (MI theories and concepts), face-to-face training to develop MI skills (practical exercises and simulations), and continuous summative evaluations. An anonymous questionnaire was developed and distributed to students in order to assess the relevance of MI training and their satisfaction.Results: Ninety-three of 96 students completed the questionnaire. Overall, 82% of students strongly agreed that community pharmacists have a role in supporting patient's motivation to change their health behavior, 93% of students agreed or strongly agreed that the skills acquired during the course were relevant to their future practice. For them, the priority topics for using MI are tobacco cessation, medication adherence and vaccination.Conclusion: Integrating MI into pharmacy curricula was well-received and motivated students to pursue further training. Simulation-based, hybrid approaches appear effective in building knowledge and communication skills essential for patient-centered care
Looking for stabilizers in NSOP
No full textIn this work we study some examples of groups definable and type-de nable in NSOP1theories. We exhibit some behaviors of these groups that differ from the ones of groups definable insimple theories. We take interest in the notions of generics and stabilizers, and define the Kim-stabilizer.We apply the notion of Kim-stabilizer and the notion of stabilizer from Hrushovski to the context of agroup G definable in an NSOP1 field F satisfying some assumptions to show that in this context thereexist a finite to one embedding of a type-definable subgroup of G of bounded index into an algebraicgroup over F. We then show that definable groups in Frobenius fields of characteristic 0 satisfy theseconditions
Freshwater amphibians and squamates from Villeveyrac (lower Campanian; Hérault, France): palaeodiversity, palaeoenvironment and implications for the Late Cretaceous palaeobiogeography of the European herpetofauna
No full textInternational audienceThe Late Cretaceous witnessed numerous transgression-regression sequences and the onset of a global cooling phase at the start of the Campanian. In the European archipelago, these environmental changes, combined with active plate tectonics, facilitated the formation of ephemeral land bridges that served as dispersal routes for a variety of clades. However, the timing and mechanisms of these dispersals remain poorly understood, notably because of the scarcity of lower Campanian fossil-bearing continental outcrops. Over the last two decades, the locality of Villeveyrac (H erault, France) has yielded lower Campanian freshwater deposits, particularly rich in vertebrates and plants. Despite abundant findings, the diversity of amphibians and squamates has been sparsely documented. In this study we identify six amphibian taxa (Albanerpetontidae, ?Palaeobatrachidae indet., ?Neobatrachia indet., Batrachosauroididae indet., and two indeterminate anurans) alongside six squamate taxa, which include a pan-shinisaur lizard, a madtsoiid snake of the genus Herensugea and indeterminate monstersaur, ?anguid, iguanomorph and squamate. Six of these 12 taxa, specifically the palaeobatrachid, batrachosauroidid, pan-shinisaur, madtsoiid, monstersaur and iguanomorph, correspond to the earliest occurrence of their clades in Europe. Additionally, we tentatively document one of the oldest anguids in the world. For each of these groups, we discuss palaeobiogeographical and palaeoenvironmental implications. The amphibian and squamate composition highlights a combination of aquatic, semi-aquatic and terrestrial features, consistent with other animal and plant remains. The lower Campanian deposits of Villeveyrac are thus interpreted as a floodplain with braided streams, river channels, and surrounding riparian and paludal habitats, under a warm and humid subtropical climate.</div
On the relaxation towards mechanical equilibrium for two-pressure compressible flows
No full textWe introduce a symmetrization of a one-velocity two-pressures Baer-Nunziato type model for mixtures of barotropic compressible fluids. It allows us to justify the zero compaction viscosity limit and to recover a solution of the so-called Kapila model. On the other hand, the symmetrization highlights a pressure-induced stabilization mechanism which allows us to recover a global-in-time existence result for initial data close to constant states
Experimental Demonstration of an IGCT/SiC PiN Diode Switching Cell Operating Without Any Turn-On Snubber
No full textInternational audienceIGCTs are attractive for high power, low-frequency converters such as HVdc MMCs because of their lower losses compared to IGBTs. However, a drawback of IGCTs is that they typically require an additional and bulky turn-on snubber circuit to limit their turn-on dI/dt. This limitation in current dynamics prevents destructive recovery from occurring in the diode of an IGCT/diode switching cell. Previous studies have shown the possibility of removing the snubber by setting strict limits to the operating range of the IGCT/Si-diode pair, which in practice strongly restrain the application of a snubberless IGCT submodule or switching cell.In this article, high-voltage, high-current, SiC PiN diodes are used successfully with IGCTs in a snubberless configuration up to 4 kV/500 A, and a comparison is made with IGCTs operating with Si PiN diodes. The IGCT turn-on behavior is analyzed, through the evaluation of the IGCT equivalent resistance during turn-on. The impact of very short reverse recovery (RR) is also investigated, with the observation and analysis of the shared voltage between the IGCT and the diode and its impact. It is found that SiC PiN diodes can operate with IGCTs without the limitations encountered with Si diodes and without requiring a turn-on snubber
Evaluating the legacy of drought exposure on root and rhizosphere bacterial microbiomes over two plant generations
No full textDrought is a critical risk in developing countries for staple crops like common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). We conducted an experiment to understand the legacy effects of repeated drought exposure across plant generations on the root and rhizosphere microbiome of the common bean, hypothesizing that a legacy of exposure improves overall plant microbiome resilience. We profiled the bacterial microbiome using marker gene amplicon sequencing over two plant generations in a complete factorial design for two common bean genotypes, Red Hawk and Flavert. We performed parallel experiments for Red Hawk in two different countries using soils of Pays de la Loire, France, and Michigan, USA. Despite the clear and relatively consistent drought effects on the plant phenotypes, there was neither response of the Red Hawk microbiomes to drought, nor a notable legacy of drought exposure. For Flavert, there was a minor legacy drought effect for the second generation in the rhizosphere microbiome beta diversity. This study demonstrates that rhizosphere microbiomes can be resistant to drought stress and that cross-generational legacy depends on soil origin and host genotype. Such parallel experiments across countries, while difficult to implement, are useful to inform generalities and build theory towards prediction on microbiome responses to global change.</div
Intermediate cellular regeneration counteracts the stop in methanol production from methane by Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b
No full textInternational audienceMethylosinus trichosporium OB3b stands out as a methanotrophic model strain, widely reported for its high productivity of exogenous methanol from methane. However, the development of this attractive bioprocess is hindered by a limited production time rounding 20 h. The causes of MeOH production stop are not fully understood yet. This work investigated potential cytotoxic impacts of EDTA and NaCl, enzymatic inhibitors together added in the reaction medium to avoid the spontaneous methanol overoxidation. The tested NaCl concentrations did not refrain bacterial cells from proliferating normally, discarding osmotic stress phenomena. But EDTA addition appeared mandatory to yield an efficient MeOH production. Up to date, EDTA precise mode of action is not fully understood and several hypotheses have been reported. In this study, prior EDTA saturation with Cu2+ ions had no effect on MeOH production, suggesting EDTA did not chelate MMO metallic cofactor. EDTA action was consequently assumed to target cell membrane compounds and affect cell integrity. Regenerating cells in their native culture conditions (i.e. without inhibitors) appeared allowing them to recover their hydroxylating activity and produce MeOH with a productivity similar to the initial one, in a faster way than re-cultivation of the bacteria
Bi-component breakthrough experiments for the efficient direct air capture and water harvesting
No full textSSCI-VIDE+ING+MCB:THM:CDA:DFANational audienceAchieving the European Union’s 2050 climate neutrality goal requires transformative technologies capable of mitigating atmospheric CO₂ concentrations. Direct air capture (DAC) offers a promising pathway toward net-zero emissions and negative emission solutions, but its implementation faces the intrinsic challenge of capturing CO₂ at ultra-dilute concentrations (~420 ppm). While traditional chemisorbents such as amine-based systems exhibit strong CO2 affinity, their high regeneration energy demands and limited stability constrain large-scale deployment. In contrast, recent progress in physical adsorbents, particularly zeolites and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) has opened new avenues for energy-efficient DAC. This study investigates the physisorption performance of MOR-type zeolites and the fluorinated MOF KAUST-7 (NbOFFIVE-1-Ni) under DAC-relevant conditions. MOR-type zeolites demonstrate high CO₂ uptake (1.15 mmol g-1 at 400 ppm, 30 °C), fast kinetics, and excellent selectivity driven by Na⁺ cation sites within 8-membered ring side pockets, maintaining robust performance even at low temperatures. KAUST-7 achieves benchmark CO2 uptakes (1.3 mmol g-1, 51.4 cm3 (STP) cm-3) through engineered fluorinated channels that enhance CO2 framework interactions, coupled with hydrolytic stability and mild regeneration requirements. However, both materials exhibit significant sensitivity to humidity. To address this, the study explores coupling these CO2-selective adsorbents with a water-harvesting MOF (MIL-160) capable of pre-capturing atmospheric water (Figure1). This approach may simultaneously enhance DAC efficiency and enable water collection in arid environments. The comparative evaluation of these advanced physisorbents highlights their adsorption mechanisms, trade-offs, and scalability potential. The findings provide critical insights into the rational design of next-generation materials for sustainable, large-scale DAC technologies
Assessing Thermodynamic Equilibrium and Corrective approach for VOCs Adsorption on Microporous Activated Carbon
No full textRMN+ING+CDA:THM:CCL:DFANational audienceAdvances in air purification increasingly rely on high-performing adsorbents for volatile organic compounds (VOC) removal, with material innovations in microporous and mesoporous frameworks1. However, accurately characterizing adsorbent affinity for VOCs at low concentration remains challenging due to extremely slow adsorption kinetics in highly confining ultramicroporous solids. In this context, accurately determining the Henry constant KH for VOC adsorption in microporous solids at low pressures is limited by difficulties in reaching thermodynamic equilibrium in standard experimental methods. Here, a thermodynamically grounded three-step methodology is introduced for reliable estimation of the Henry constant in such diffusion-limited systems. In practice, this strategy is illustrated by considering cyclohexane adsorption on commercial activated carbon (AC). The approach involves (1) measuring adsorption isotherms at elevated temperatures (which ensure that thermodynamic equilibrium is reached), (2) extrapolating to the target temperature via Polanyi’s adsorption potential theory2 (Fig 1) , and (3) finally deriving KH from the recalculated low-pressure region. This method allows reconstructing the adsorption isotherm. This strategy, which is validated by showing that the adsorption isotherms match those obtained from independent breakthrough experiments, reveals systematic underestimation of adsorption at low pressure with standard protocols (up to a 15-fold difference in KH). This study demonstrates how corrections based on Polanyi’s adsorption potential theory allow overcoming equilibrium limitations, outperforming both measurements and kinetic-based protocols alone
Unrolled Multiplicative Updates for Nonnegative Matrix Factorization applied to Hyperspectral Unmixing
No full textHyperSpectral Unmixing (HSU), the problem of separating mixed spectra of overlapping materials in a hyperspectral image, has motivated dedicated algorithmic developments in the last two decades. On the one hand, traditional model-based algorithms frequently guarantee interpretable results. On the other hand, deep-learning-based approaches are often faster at inference time and may obtain better empirical results. This work utilizes the strengths of both approaches by building on the deep unrolling paradigm. Our contribution is twofold. First, we propose two new algorithms based on deep unrolling of the well-known Multiplicative Updates. The first, coined Non-Adaptive Learned Multiplicative Updates (NALMU), adopts a simple element-wise multiplicative scheme. The second, called Recursive Adaptive Learned Multiplicative Updates (RALMU), has more flexible updates and better take into account the spatial correlations in the abundances. Second, we relate NALMU to the minimization of an explicit cost function under some assumptions. Such guarantees are unique in the HSU field. NALMU and RALMU are tested on astrophysics and remote sensing datasets. They outperform the other deep learning-based HSU algorithms and classical iterative schemes for the endmember estimates and obtain competitive results for the abundance estimates, even when trained in a self-supervised way. The code used in this paper will be made available upon publication