L'Institut Agro Archives Ouverte
Not a member yet
4294 research outputs found
Sort by
Choix alimentaires durables : comment cela se traduit-il dans le panier du consommateur.rices ? Utilisation d'une tâche d'intention de choix
No full textSodium alginate: a promising material for the encapsulation of next-generation probiotics.
No full textInternational audienc
Didactique professionnelle et alternance : la piste des situations intermédiaires
No full textInternational audienceOne of the current problems with many workstudy programmesisthat learnersfind it difficult to connect and integrate what they learn at vocational school with what they learn in the workplace. Based on vocational didactics, this article offers an original contribution to this problem by developing the concept of the “intermediate learning situation”, at the interface between subjectspecific teaching situations at school and training situations in the workplace. This approach makes it possible to conceptualise work-study programmes on the basis of three types of situations rather than two learning environments (school and workplace). It opens up new perspectives for the design of such vocational training programmes and for research in the field of vocational didactics.Un problème majeur de nombreuses formations professionnelles en alternance réside dans la difficulté des apprenants à mettre en relation et intégrer les d'apprentissages réalisés en école ou centre de formation avec ceux réalisés lors des périodes d'activité en milieu professionnel. En s'appuyant sur la didactique professionnelle, cet article propose une contribution originale à ce problème en développant la notion de Situation Intermédiaire, à l'interface entre les situations d'enseignements disciplinaires en école et les situations de formation en milieu professionnel. Il invite ainsi à conceptualiser l'alternance à partir de trois types de situations plutôt que deux lieux d'apprentissage (école et milieu professionnel). Cette proposition ouvre de nouvelles perspectives pour l'ingénierie des dispositifs de formation professionnelle en alternance et pour la recherche dans le champ de la didactique professionnelle
Exploration of mercury resistance mechanisms in microbial isolates from a chlor-alkali wasteland for bioremediation purposes
No full textInternational audienc
Transfert ou circulation des connaissance ? Proposition de mise en perspective de notions vives
No full textInternational audienceIn this article, we propose to compare the concepts of knowledge transfer and circulation that are used today in discourse and are part of practices relating to the production and mobilization of knowledge for farmers. After reviewing the criticism levelled at the diffusionist model thatprevailed until the 1990s, we discuss how the concepts of knowledge transfer and circulation have inherited past debates and may refer to new models, conflicting, that are more or less likely to respond to the dynamics of change in the practices of farmers faced with multiple challenges.Dans cet article, nous nous proposons de mettre en regard les notions de transfert et de circulation des connaissances qui sont mobilisées aujourd’hui dans les discours et s’inscrivent dans des pratiques qui portent sur la production et la mobilisation de connaissances à destination des agriculteurs. Après avoir rappelé la critique adressée au modèle diffusionniste qui prévalait jusque dans les années 1990, nous discutons de la façon dont les notions de transfert et de circulation des connaissances héritent des débats passés et ouvrent à de nouveaux modèles, en tension, plus ou moins susceptibles de répondre aux dynamiques de changement de pratiques d’agriculteurs confrontés à des enjeux multiples
An interdisciplinary framework for managing communities in sustainability transitions: insights from agroecological transitions
No full textInternational audienceWhile the human and social dimension of sustainability transitions is key to their undertaking, it is still insufficiently addressed and supported. In particular, the importance of communities, which has been highlighted by many disciplines, has not yet been tackled from an interdisciplinary perspective, resulting in a lack of a global vision of what a community is and of how to support one. We propose an interdisciplinary framework developed with the expertise of 20 researchers from 7 disciplines, each providing a specific insight on communities, and illustrations in the context of agroecological transitions. We analyzed 12 community frameworks and related key references used by the co-authors of this article in their research work. We identified three main dimensions that characterize the core of the concept of community, common to these 12 frameworks: (1) common constructs, (2) implementation and articulation of actions, and (3) feelings such as a shared sense of belonging, trust, co-responsibility, and legitimacy. We present key contributions of communities to sustainability transitions, and insights on how to support these communities. Communities can offer favorable conditions for individuals to express their ideas, desires, doubts, difficulties, and conflicts, and to address these through dialogue and collaboration. This can help individuals move forward in their decisions and actions. Communities are also a place of articulation between individual and collective actions, and can contribute to the transformation of society by redefining professional norms, and creating knowledge and innovations. Giving communities the necessary means to support its members and impact society implies investing in the development of collaboration skills within education systems and in providing dedicated training on community support to facilitators, addressing all three dimensions of communities
OPTIFLORSYS: A tool to help design agroecological weed management strategies
No full textCOPRAA : Knowledge and tools for preventive and operational approaches to agroecological weedy plant managementInternational audienceRedesigning cropping systems is essential to manage weeds with few or no herbicides. The new decision support system OPTIFLORSYS combines the "virtual field" model FLORSYS with optimization algorithms. It allows optimizing cropping systems and crop ideotypes in a coherent manner and based on indicators of weed impacts on crop production and biodiversity predicted by FLORSYS. Thus, the tool accompanies the redesign of cropping systems, identifying new management strategies. This paper first presents the OPTIFLORSYS tool, followed by three case studies aiming to optimise rotations, tillage or maize ideotypes, to illustrate the OPTIFLORSYS functioning and its contribution to redesigning cropping systems. The tool is still under development and is likely to evolve depending on, among other things, the feedback from future users
FlorSys: A mechanistic model bridging scientists, advisors and farmers in order to design agroecological weed management strategies
No full textSource Agritrop Cirad (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/614347/)International audienc
Quelle place pour les matériaux biodégradables dans les innovations en emballage alimentaire ?
No full textNational audienceLes industries de l’agro-alimentaire et de l’emballage font face à un tournant décisif, en particulier en Europe et en France, où des cadres réglementaires tels que le règlement européen sur les emballages et les déchets d’emballages (PPWR 2025) et la loi françaiserelative à la lutte contre le gaspillage et à l’économie circulaire (AGEC) encouragent une transition reconsidérant l’usage des matériaux conventionnels. Ces politiques imposent en effet une recyclabilité accrue, l’utilisation de matières recyclées et des restrictionsfavorisant l’adoption d’alternatives plus durables. Bien que ces réglementations ne l’encouragent pas en premier lieu, la production mondiale de bioplastiques connaît une croissance rapide, avec un intérêt particulier pour les matériaux biodégradables tels que les polyhydroxyalcanoates (PHA) et les polylactides (PLA). Ils peuvent en outre répondre aux critères de compostabilité pour leur fin de vie, voire de recyclabilité. Cette synthèse propose un aperçu des matériaux d’origine biologique émergents pour l’emballage alimentaire, actuellement disponibles à grande échelle ou encore en phase de recherche. En fin, les stratégies visant à améliorer la fonctionnalité de ces matériaux sont discutées au regard des exigences liées à l’application emballage alimentaire
Analysing the diversity of farmers' pesticide use through professional dialogue network analysis
No full textInternational audienceUnderstanding the mechanisms underlying farmers’ trajectories of change is essential to produce knowledge that informs agricultural extension and advisory services, as well as for adapting policies that facilitate agroecological transitions. In this study, we aimed to understand the influence of information flows between farmers on farmer’s pesticide use trajectories, based on an analysis of professional dialogue networks.We conducted a case study analysis of three groups of farmers within the DEPHY program in France, using Social Network Analysis methods and theories (Compagnone & Hellec, 2015). We first characterized farmers’ pesticide use trajectories through the time-course of the Treatment Frequency Indicator (TFI). Based on interviews with farmers, we identified farmers’ relationships with other farmers, and produced a social network diagram for each case study. Than we characterized farmer’s crop protection practices within the network and the information they exchange, using the concept of “shared repertoires of resources” for action (Wenger, 2011). Finally, we built socio-historical narratives to highlight the transformation processes of the networks over time (Bidart & Degenne, 2005).We show that most farmers maintain relationships with peers and peer groups (both formal and informal), included outside their own DEPHY group. They thus exchange information (knowledge, norms, diagnostic tools and references) that frame their ways of thinking about and implementing crop protection. Some groups build and mobilize mainly pesticide-centered repertoires, while other develop new tools and new norms better suited to low-pesticide agriculture. We highlight that in some cases, the DEPHY public policy-induced farmers groups, aiming to put pesticide reduction into practice, fails to become dialogue spaces where repertoires and practices evolve towards this target. We identified key factors determining the group ability to transform local norms and renew repertoires of resources available for farmers’ action: strong social dynamics existing before the DEPHY group formation, advisor management of the interactions between peers, and the advisor’s long-term stability.These results challenge the idealized vision of peer groups and invite us to broaden our understanding of collective dynamics by focusing on the professional dialogue networks that farmers themselves shape to find support and carry out their practices. We argue that network analysis methods could serve as a useful tool for advisors to map out the dialogue spaces in which they engage with farmers. From an academic perspective, this study underscores the value of integrating two systemic disciplinary fields: farming system research and social network analysis