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THE ENFORCEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL ARBITRAL AWARDS IN THE KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA: CONCEPTS AND PRACTICES
No full textArbitration loses its value if awards are neither recognized nor enforced. It has been two decades since the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) signed and ratified the Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards (NYC). Nonetheless, major international corporations resist entering into arbitration agreements with Saudi parties or reject Saudi Arabia as the seat of arbitration. Due to the absence of clear laws and unpredictable practices in Saudi courts, the enforcement of international arbitral awards (IAAs) faces obstacles that limit their effectiveness. Saudi laws and procedures in enforcing international judgments and arbitral awards have undergone some improvements and modernization. Yet, Saudi persistence and consistency remains an open concern. This thesis addresses and examines the IAA enforcement-related concepts and explores the practice in Saudi courts to better understand and harmonize IAA enforcement.According to article V of the NYC, an IAA may not be enforced if it is contrary to the public policy of the contracting state. Many believe that public policy and Sharia have a negative influence on the enforcement of IAAs in the KSA; however, I argue that conflicting norms between the KSA and international practice hold the most influence over IAA enforcement in the KSA. Indeed, the inconsistencies in the application of public policy and Sharia for IAAs contribute to enforcement complexities. The Saudi courts mistakenly equate public policy and Sharia notions as the same. While a substantial difference exists between the two notions, Saudi courts do not distinguish between public policy and Sharia — it is not recognized whether Sharia or public policy is the primary condition to enforce IAAs.One of the objectives of international law is proper application and interpretation of international standards and practices by national courts. Saudi legal principles are in conflict with the norms of international jurisdiction. For the enforcement of IAAs to become clearer and more effective, it is critical that the KSA amend its public policy definition and develop more coherent distinctions between public policy and Sharia. In this thesis, I propose twelve policy recommendations to mitigate problems with the enforcement of IAAs. If the Saudi lawmaker applies these recommendations, the KSA will be a more predictable and arbitration-friendly state, increasing the confidence of the international community and leading to more commercial transactions with Saudi counterparts. It will also lead to a more grounded future for arbitration in the KSA that caters to local needs and global conditionsLawWashington College of LawDegree Awarded: S.J.D. Washington College of Law. American Universit
Synthesis and Physical Property Characterization of Magnetic NiCrAl Nanowires
No full textA presentation that was delivered in the Fifth University Research Day at the Catholic University of America in 2020
Copy-Cataloging at the Oliveira Lima Library: Intersections Between Description and Access
No full textA presentation that was delivered in the Fifth University Research Day at the Catholic University of America in 2020.This research was collaborated with Henry Widene
Mindfulness and Development: Athletes’ Transition from Adolescence to Young Adulthood
No full textOne-third of emerging adults enter this developmental period in college (Arnett, 2000), and many experience mental health issues (Zivin et al., 2009). A growing body of research with college students supports mindfulness for combating stress, increasing self-compassion, and improving well-being (Hindman et al., 2015). Although mindfulness is also beneficial for student-athletes (Wolanin & Gross, 2016), little is known about differential responses of under- and upperclass students. These developmental implications may be important, as it is likely that over four years, student-athletes become better at applying mindfulness as a result of experience.The present study investigated whether the 6-week Mindful Sport Performance Enhancement (MSPE) training had a different effect on underclass (n = 39) compared to upperclass (n = 21) student-athletes’ mindfulness, anxiety, attention/emotion regulation, and (physical) sport performance satisfaction. Participants were female athletes from three teams at an NCAA Division III private university.Significant main effects for time were found using 2 (age group) x 2 (time) ANOVAs, with higher self-ratings of both physical performance and attention/emotion regulation skills at post-test compared to before mindfulness training. Additionally, analyses revealed that student-athletes had less sport anxiety (SAS-2) at post-test than at pre-test. A significant interaction between class and time was found on the Mindfulness Inventory for Sport scale. While underclass student-athletes initially scored higher than upperclass student-athletes, the reverse was true after the mindfulness intervention; upperclass student-athletes scored higher than underclass student-athletes in mindfulness.Results suggest that athletes have more positive perceptions of their athletic performance (both physical and attention/emotion regulation skills) following mindfulness training, as well as less sport anxiety. Additionally, upperclass student-athletes appeared to benefit more from the mindfulness aspect of MSPE. The implications of these results for theories of emerging adulthood are presented, as well as suggestions for future research and mindfulness mental training with college athletes.PsychologyCollege athletes, Emerging adulthood, MindfulnessPsychologyDegree Awarded: M.A.--Psychology. The Catholic University of Americ
Marriage between Catholics and Buddhists in Vietnam from a Cultural-Canonical-Pastoral Perspective
No full textInterfaith marriages between Catholics and Buddhists and new converts from Buddhism have become more common in Vietnam. This reality has been challenging the Church in Vietnam in both pastoral and canonical ministries. The relevant question arises, what/how the local Church and canon lawyers can/should do to help the couples in an interfaith marriage to prepare for their marriage as well as to deal with their post-marriage problems. This thesis aims to go deeper into the issues of interfaith marriage life in Vietnamese culture, to exam how the teaching of the Church as well as the norms of the current law can help the interfaith couples as they prepare for their marriage and deal with their post-marriage life, and to give some suggestions to the local churches in Vietnam in aiding those mixed couples.Canon lawCanon law about interfaith marriage, Catholic-Buddhist marriage, Challenges in Catholic-Buddhist marriage, Challenges to Pastors in Vietnam, mixed marriage, pastoral and canonical care of interefaith couplesCanon LawDegree Awarded: J.C.L. Canon Law. The Catholic University of Americ
The Ties That Bind: The Untimely Death of Hope
No full textThesis PlayTheaterAfrican-American, Family, Police Brutality, PTSD, Racial TraumaDramaDegree Awarded: M.F.A. Drama. The Catholic University of Americ
Delaroche's Domestic Bliss and Gender Complexities During the July Monarchy: Envisioning Depictions of Mothers, Wives, and Children as Social Reactions to Nineteenth-Century French Feminist Thought
No full textResearch paper submitted to American University in partial fulfillment of the Degree of Master of Arts; approved as non-thesis optio
"Seydou Keita and Jean Pigozzi: At the crossroads of postmodernism and postcolonialism"
No full textResearch paper submitted to American University in partial fulfillment of the Degree of Master of Arts; approved as non-thesis optio
Caravaggio's Bacchus: Classics, Androgyny and Patronage
No full textResearch paper submitted to American University in partial fulfillment of the Degree of Master of Arts; approved as non-thesis optio
Chronicle of a Movement: The Climate, Context and Completion of Three Earthworks as Representative of the Whole
No full textResearch paper submitted to American University in partial fulfillment of the Degree of Master of Arts; approved as non-thesis/thesis optio