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Genomics-based re-examination of the taxonomy and phylogeny of human and simian Mastadenoviruses: an evolving whole genomes approach, revealing putative zoonosis, anthroponosis, and amphizoonosis
No full textCladistics, Volume 36, Issue 4, 1 August 2020, Pages 358-373.With the advent of high-resolution and cost-effective genomics and bioinformatics tools and methods contributing to a large database of both human (HAdV) and simian (SAdV) adenoviruses, a genomics-based re-evaluation of their taxonomy is warranted. Interest in these particular adenoviruses is growing in part due to the applications of both in gene transfer protocols, including gene therapy and vaccines, as well in oncolytic protocols. In particular, the re-evaluation of SAdVs as appropriate vectors in humans is important as zoonosis precludes the assumption that human immune system may be naïve to these vectors. Additionally, as important pathogens, adenoviruses are a model organism system for understanding viral pathogen emergence through zoonosis and anthroponosis, particularly among the primate species, along with recombination, host adaptation, and selection, as evidenced by one long-standing human respiratory pathogen HAdV-4 and a recent re-evaluation of another, HAdV-76. The latter reflects the insights on amphizoonosis, defined as infections in both directions among host species including “other than human”, that are possible with the growing database of nonhuman adenovirus genomes. HAdV-76 is a recombinant that has been isolated from human, chimpanzee, and bonobo hosts. On-going and potential impacts of adenoviruses on public health and translational medicine drive this evaluation of 174 whole genome sequences from HAdVs and SAdVs archived in GenBank. The conclusion is that rather than separate HAdV and SAdV phylogenetic lineages, a single, intertwined tree is observed with all HAdVs and SAdVs forming mixed clades. Therefore, a single designation of “primate adenovirus” (PrAdV) superseding either HAdV and SAdV is proposed, or alternatively, keeping HAdV for human adenovirus but expanding the SAdV nomenclature officially to include host species identification as in ChAdV for chimpanzee adenovirus, GoAdV for gorilla adenovirus, BoAdV for bonobo adenovirus, and ad libitum
Downtown Displaced Event and Exhibit Showcase
No full textAfter designing and installing the Downtown Displaced exhibit into the Humanities Truck, the Truck delivered the exhibit to Street Sense Media office downtown at the Church of the Epiphany on May 20, 2019. There, Street Sense artists and exhibit collaborators viewed and provided feedback on the final exhibit
Negative accounting earnings and gross domestic product
No full textReview of Accounting Studies, Volume 25, Issue 4, 1 December 2020, Pages 1382-1409.Konchitchki and Patatoukas Journal of Accounting and Economics 57 (1-2), 76–88, (2014a) show that aggregate accounting earnings growth predicts future nominal gross domestic product (GDP) growth and that professional macro forecasters do not fully incorporate the information contained in aggregate accounting earnings. Based on results from prior literature, which find that accounting earnings reflect bad economic news in a timelier manner than good news, we condition Konchitchki and Patatoukas’s GDP growth forecast model on the sign of earnings changes. We show that negative changes in aggregate earnings predict future GDP growth while positive changes in earnings do not. Furthermore, we show that professional macro forecasters underreact to the information contained in negative changes in aggregate earnings about future GDP growth. Additional tests suggest our findings are a result of conservative accruals in earnings
Global Majority E-Journal, vol. 11, no. 2 , December 2020
No full textSip Every Drop: Inaccessible and Jeopardized Water Resources in Nigeria and Ukraine - John Burzawa;
Child Poverty Crisis: A Childhood Living Below the Line in Nigeria and Uganda - Cameron Fisher;
Distant Neighbors: Why Neighboring Countries Mozambique and South Africa Differ So Greatly in Gender Inequality - Patrick Ryan;
Bruised but Never Broken: The Fight for Gender Equality in Egypt and Bangladesh - Lily Sweeting;
Democracy: An Ultimate Remedy towards the Flawed Urbanization in Bangladesh and China - Ka Long Tun
Corrective policy reactions: positive and negative budgetary punctuations
No full textJournal of Public Policy, Volume 40, Issue 1, 1 March 2020, Pages 96-115.Punctuated equilibrium theory seeks to explain policy volatility and stability in government attention. In previous research into the temporal dynamics of punctuations, scholars found that punctuations occur in clusters - a recent budgetary punctuation increases the likelihood of a subsequent punctuation. This article examines the direction, positive or negative, of budgetary punctuations over time. Are budgetary punctuations corrective, grouping positive and negative changes? Or, do budgetary punctuations occur in cumulative trends of positive or negative changes? These questions address the heart of the theoretical metaphor for punctuated equilibrium. In an analysis of over 1,000 Texas school districts for nearly a 20-year-period, results support the notion of reactive patterns of budgetary punctuations - positive and negative budgetary punctuations pair up at a rate much higher than expected by chance. The findings demonstrate that even though it is likely to see consecutive positive and negative punctuations, they are not always fully corrective
Measuring Student Success in Academic Libraries with the Kirkpatrick Model
No full textLibrary management must balance the rising collection and labor costs against the decreasing amount of money available for academic libraries in shrinking university budgets. In this environment, academic library management must justify every expense against other needs of the institution. The Kirkpatrick Model provides a simple, but thorough framework to assist academic libraries in this quest. Private industry has utilized The Kirkpatrick Model to evaluate its training in all four steps (Reaction, Learning, Behavior, Results) for over 70 years. The intent is to find evidence-based proof meeting The Kirkpatrick Model’s third level of training evaluation in proving "the degree to which participants apply what they learned during training." For academic libraries, proving application of library instruction involves reviewing final products and looking for evidence. This presentation will address evaluating student learning from academic information literacy instruction. Furthermore, this presentation will assist in developing a thorough evaluation and assessment plan with the instructional design approach of backward design.A presentation that was delivered online in the Thirteenth Annual Symposium, "Bridging the Spectrum: A Symposium on Scholarship and Practice in Library and Information Science" at the Catholic University of America in 2021
Knitting up history: Creating a small-scale digital collection using CONTENTdm
No full textThe prevalence of digital collections, and even larger-scale digital libraries, has increased over time. Constructing a successful digital collection ultimately requires attention to factors like purpose, audience, chosen materials, metadata, user services, and sustainability during preliminary planning, implementation, and subsequent collection maintenance.
This presentation illustrates the creation process of Knitting With a Purpose: 20th Century Wartime Knitting, a digital collection made using CONTENTdm. This collection features thirty-one items depicting historically significant knitting-related charity work chosen from the Library of Congress Prints & Photographs Online Catalog (PPOC). This presentation details important considerations during the planning and execution of this small-scale digital collection built from resources within the public domain.
This presentation is based on a digital collection project completed during the Summer 2020 semester for LSC612 Foundations of Digital Libraries, a course offered by the Department of Library and Information Science at The Catholic University of America
Do foster care agencies discriminate against gay couples?: evidence from a correspondence study
No full textThere has been considerable recent debate regarding proposed policies that would allow foster care administrators to discriminate on the basis of the sexual orientation of the foster parent. To date, however, we know very little about the level of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation in the foster care system. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first empirical investigation to ask whether foster care agencies, the public, and nonprofit firms that facilitate foster care placements respond similarly to e-mails sent by fictitious same-sex and heterosexual couples who inquire about becoming foster parents. Our results suggest that, while foster care agencies respond at somewhat similar rates to gay male couples, gay female couples, and heterosexual couples, responses sent to gay males are of lower quality. Gay males receive much shorter responses that take longer to receive. Responses to gay male couples are also less likely to include essential information about the process of becoming a foster parent, such as details about informational sessions or being given an application. We do not find any evidence of differential treatment towards same-sex female couples
Sun-as-a-star spectral irradiance observations of transiting active regions
No full textAstrophysical Journal, Volume 902, Issue 1, 10 October 2020, Article number 36.Major solar flares are prone to occur in active-region (AR) atmospheres associated with large, complex, dynamically evolving sunspots. This points to the importance of monitoring the evolution of starspots, not only in visible but also in ultraviolet (UV) and X-rays, in understanding the origin and occurrence of stellar flares. To this end, we perform spectral irradiance analysis on different types of transiting solar ARs by using a variety of full-disk synoptic observations. The target events are an isolated sunspot, spotless plage, and emerging flux in prolonged quiet-Sun conditions selected from the past decade. We find that the visible continuum and total solar irradiance become darkened when the spot is at the central meridian, whereas it is bright near the solar limb; UV bands sensitive to the chromosphere correlate well with the variation of total unsigned magnetic flux in the photosphere; amplitudes of extreme ultraviolet (EUV) and soft X-ray increase with the characteristic temperature, whose light curves are flat-topped due to their sensitivity to the optically thin corona; the transiting spotless plage does not show the darkening in the visible irradiance, while the emerging flux produces an asymmetry in all light curves about the central meridian. The multiwavelength Sun-as-a-star study described here indicates that the time lags between the coronal and photospheric light curves have the potential to probe the extent of coronal magnetic fields above the starspots. In addition, EUV wavelengths that are sensitive to temperatures just below 1 MK sometimes show antiphased variations, which may be used for diagnosing plasmas around starspots